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1.
High purity AlN fiber is a promising thermal conductive material. In this work, AlN fibers were prepared using solution blow spinning followed by nitridation under N2 or NH3 atmosphere. Soluble polymer, such as polyaluminoxane, and allyl-functional novolac resin were adopted as raw materials to form homogeneous distribution of Al2O3 and C nanoparticles within the fibers, which could inhibit the growth of alumina crystal and promote their nitridation process. The effect of nitriding atmosphere on the fiber morphology was investigated. XRD results showed that complete nitridation was achieved at 1300 °C in the NH3 or at 1500 °C in the N2 atmosphere. Hollowed fiber structure was observed when fiber was nitrided in N2 at high temperature, which was caused by gaseous Al gas diffusion, and this phenomenon was eliminated in NH3 atmosphere. The nitridation mechanisms in different atmosphere were analyzed in detail. It was demonstrated that the nitridation of Al2O3 fibers in the NH3 atmosphere offered the favored AlN morphology and chemical quality. Flexible AlN fiber with O content of 0.7 wt% was achieved after nitriding in NH3 at 1400 °C. The high quality AlN can be used in thermal conductive composite materials. 相似文献
2.
为研究低压静电场辅助冷冻对竹笋冻结特性的影响,以冻结曲线、硬度、水分损失率、水分迁移、冰晶形态和组织微观结构为指标,探究低压静电场辅助冷冻(-35 ℃)和普通冷冻(-35 ℃)条件下竹笋品质的变化规律。结果表明:低压静电场辅助冷冻提高了冻结效率,改变了冰晶形态及分布,减轻了组织微观结构破损程度,改善了解冻汁液流失情况。与静电板间距10、20、30、40 cm处的冷冻竹笋解冻后水分损失率分别为14.16%、12.58%、9.73%、10.44%,显著低于对照组(21.01%)(P<0.05),硬度分别为461.19、507.48、496.65 g和455.31 g,显著高于对照组(350.70 g)(P<0.05)。低场核磁共振分析结果表明,在低压静电场辅助冷冻下竹笋解冻后汁液流失减少,扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示,竹笋纤维排列整齐,组织微观结构保持较好。低压静电场辅助冷冻可有效改善竹笋品质,可为利用低压静电场进行果蔬的冷冻贮藏和冷链运输提供参考。 相似文献
3.
将石墨烯(GR)纳米颗粒掺杂到聚丙烯腈(PAN)纺丝溶液中,利用静电纺丝技术制备石墨烯/聚丙烯腈(GR/PAN)复合纳米纤维膜。研究PAN质量分数、GR用量、纺丝电压及接收距离对GR/PAN复合纳米纤维膜形貌和过滤性能的影响,发现最优纺丝工艺参数为PAN质量分数14.0%、GR用量1.5%、纺丝电压26 kV、接收距离14 cm、注射速度1 mL/h。此最优纺丝工艺参数制备的GR/PAN复合纳米纤维膜的过滤效率为98.86%,过滤阻力为110.30 Pa。 相似文献
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5.
Yang-huan ZHANG Ya-qin LI Hong-wei SHANG Zhong-hui HOU Yan QI Dong-liang ZHAO 《中国有色金属学会会刊》2018,28(4):711-721
The La-Mg-Ni-Co-Al-based AB2-type La0.8–xCe0.2YxMgNi3.4Co0.4Al0.1 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) alloys were prepared via melt spinning. The analyses of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) proved that the experimental alloys contain the main phase LaMgNi4 and the second phase LaNi5. Increasing Y content and spinning rate lead to grain refinement and obvious change of the phase abundance without changing phase composition. Y substitution for La and melt spinning make the life-span of the alloys improved remarkably, which is attributed to the improvement of anti-oxidation, anti-pulverization and anti-corrosion abilities. In addition, the discharge capacity visibly decreases with increasing the Y content, while it firstly increases and then decreases with increasing spinning rate. The electrochemical kinetics increases to the optimum performance and then reduces with increasing spinning rate. Moreover, all the alloys achieve to the highest discharge capacities just at the initial cycle without activation. 相似文献
6.
针对煤结构及其氧化反应机理不明等问题,以羟基(—OH)和煤自燃侧链活性基团—OCH,—CHOHCH 3和—OCH 3为研究对象,采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP-311G(d,p)方法,构建出了羟基(—OH)处于侧链活性结构邻位的小分子结构模型。基于前线轨道理论和量子化学理论,采用Gaussian 16软件对小分子模型的静电势、前线轨道的能级和电荷分布及煤氧复合反应过程中的热力学参数进行了模拟计算,探究了侧链活性基团的低温氧化特性和羟基(—OH)对其的影响。计算结果显示,在侧链活性结构中,氢原子周边呈强正电势,为亲核反应活性位点,而氧原子附近呈强负电势,为亲电反应活性位点。当羟基(—OH)处于侧链活性基团邻位时,会削弱侧链活性基团的亲电反应能力,增加—CHO和—CHOHCH 3的亲核反应能力,而使—OCH 3的亲核反应能力消失;通过分析各活性基团最高占据轨道(HOMO:Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital)和最低未占轨道(LUMO:Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital)可知,侧链活性基团的稳定性与其前线轨道的成键能力并不一致,而活性基团与氧气发生复合反应的难易程度主要取决于该基团前线轨道中LUMO的成键能力,成键能力越强,复合反应越容易发生;由于羟基(—OH)改变了侧链活性基团前线轨道上的电子特性,故当其与侧链基团共存时,会使—CHO和—CHOHCH 3与氧气的复合反应更容易发生,而使—OCH 3与氧气的复合由自发的放热反应转变为非自发的吸热反应。该研究成果可为揭示煤自燃微观作用机理和研发煤自燃新型高效阻化材料提供参考。 相似文献
7.
Marijana Đaković 《Crystallography Reviews》2020,26(2):69-100
Designing crystalline solids with improved properties or performances remains a challenging task, despite great strides that have been made within the field of crystal engineering since its birth several decades ago. Herein, we are bringing examples that illustrate recent successes in taking supramolecular synthetic guidelines from the organic crystal engineering and adjusting those to metal-containing systems, particularly to the lower-dimensional ones. The versatility of calculated molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) as a new crystal engineering tool is demonstrated. 相似文献
8.
Pablo Ares Tommaso Cea Matthew Holwill Yi Bo Wang Rafael Roldán Francisco Guinea Daria V. Andreeva Laura Fumagalli Konstantin S. Novoselov Colin R. Woods 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(1):1905504
2D hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide-bandgap van der Waals crystal with a unique combination of properties, including exceptional strength, large oxidation resistance at high temperatures, and optical functionalities. Furthermore, in recent years hBN crystals have become the material of choice for encapsulating other 2D crystals in a variety of technological applications, from optoelectronic and tunneling devices to composites. Monolayer hBN, which has no center of symmetry, is predicted to exhibit piezoelectric properties, yet experimental evidence is lacking. Here, by using electrostatic force microscopy, this effect is observed as a strain-induced change in the local electric field around bubbles and creases, in agreement with theoretical calculations. No piezoelectricity is found in bilayer and bulk hBN, where the center of symmetry is restored. These results add piezoelectricity to the known properties of monolayer hBN, which makes it a desirable candidate for novel electromechanical and stretchable optoelectronic devices, and pave a way to control the local electric field and carrier concentration in van der Waals heterostructures via strain. The experimental approach used here also shows a way to investigate the piezoelectric properties of other materials on the nanoscale by using electrostatic scanning probe techniques. 相似文献
9.
10.
针对镍基高温合金因加工硬化严重成形时极易产生破裂和起皱等典型缺陷的问题,以锥筒形壳体类零件为对象,提出了一种由锥形预制坯经过真空固溶处理后拉深旋压成形锥筒形件的方法,并对其成形机理进行了研究。基于Abaqus/Explicit平台,建立了锥筒形件拉深旋压有限元模型,分析了成形过程中的瞬态等效应力、等效塑性应变、切向应力、壁厚及三向应变分布规律。结果表明:在旋压成形过程中,最大瞬态等效应力位于旋轮接触区及附近区域、最大瞬态等效塑性应变位于坯料口部;瞬态切向压应力最大值位于旋轮接触区,而瞬态切向拉应力最大值位于旋轮接触区附近的两侧区域。筒形段中部壁厚减薄,而坯料口部壁厚增厚。旋压成形试验表明,锥形预制坯经拉深旋压后可获得壁厚均匀的锥筒形件。 相似文献