生态伦理视角下的包装设计策略研究

如今人与自然的矛盾愈发凸显,生态系统失衡、资源危机等挑战接踵而至,可持续发展观应运而生,成为时代命题,也是时代目标。包装设计自然应当顺应时代需求,站在生态伦理视角重新思考其发展路径。针对包装中“过度包装”、“用材浪费”等有悖可持续发展要求的现象,从生态伦理视角出发,探究生态环保包装设计策略。引入生态伦理学理论,总结包装设计潜藏的生态伦理挑战,说明绿色生态包装设计的必要性与可行性,结合案例分析并阐述其设计策略,归纳出绿色生态包装设计的基本原则与设计方法。从生态伦理视角审视包装设计,有助于设计者建立生态环保意识与责任意识,了解包装设计的时代需求;同时跳脱出传统思维模式,对包装设计进行优化与创新。     

Ethics,society, and technology: A Confucian role ethics perspective

This essay provides a very brief overview of Confucian ethics that focuses on the role-based morality. It compares Confucian ethics with two dominant schools of thought in Western ethics deontology and consequentialism. This essay then discusses how Confucian ethics provides a unique way to think about social and political issues such as how the political leaders are selected and evaluated, the ethical justification of political legitimacy, the prioritization of economic, social, and cultural rights over other rights, and moral egalitarianism. Finally, this essay explores the ways in which Confucian ethics serves as a useful intellectual resource for examining the issues arising from the ethical assessment of (emerging) technologies and the professional formation of engineers. The Appendix of this essay includes some teaching resources that instructors can employ to teach students about ethics, society, and technology from a Confucian role ethics perspective.     

建筑艺术审美的伦理意义

建筑艺术审美的意义是多重的。从伦理学视野探讨,美和善的内在一致性首先表现在它们都以对象的功用作为衡量价值的基本标准,这一观念在建筑艺术中表现得尤为明显;其次,美与善之间是一种形式与内容的关系,或康德所说的美是道德的象征,建筑艺术的审美符号便具有象征或隐喻功能,以此来间接地或抽象地表达伦理性意义。     

基于NLP的工程伦理教育研究文献挖掘与分析

工程伦理教育是高等工程教育改革的重要一环。在"新工科"建设背景下，学界又掀起了工程伦理教育研究的热潮。基于自然语言处理技术（NLP），借助计量可视化工具，针对中国知网（CNKI）收录的212篇研究性文献，从文献关键词时间分布图、词频表、词云图、LDA主题聚类表等角度出发，开展机器学习环境下的工程伦理教育研究文献挖掘与分析，分析中国工程伦理教育的研究现状、理论基础和研究热点，指出目前工程伦理教育存在的问题，并从高校角度提出一些改进建议，为促进工程伦理教育提供了有效参考。     

儒家伦理文化对中国古代都城建设的影响

在儒家伦理思想体系中,"礼"与"贵和尚中"的思想对中国古代都城建设和城市规划的影响最为显著、强烈.从都城规模、方位布局与分区规划到礼制建筑的形制、宫殿建筑的群体布局、传统民居的空间序列等方面,无不浸透着"礼"之规制.儒家"贵和尚中"的基本特征,则在较大程度上赋予了中国古代都城和谐、严整、方正、秩序的理性美基调.     

建筑职业伦理的选择——AIA建筑伦理准则的百年历程及其启示

美国建筑师学会(AIA)于1909年制定了首部面向成员的建筑伦理准则,在其后的近百年时间里,这部准则历经数次修改。本文由西方当代建筑伦理思潮切入,较为详细地介绍了AIA建筑伦理准则的百年发展历程,提炼出不同时期的背景要素和发展轨迹。最后阐明了这一发展历程对于当代中国建筑师职业伦理建设的借鉴意义。     

深入贯彻<会计法>努力消除会计信息失真

就会计信息失真的屡查不止的恶劣现象，从主观和客观两方面分析了其原因，指出要彻底消除这一现象，既要不断提高会计人员的职业道德水平和业务素质，又要不断强化企业内部的制约和监督体系，加大执法力度。     

环境伦理学及其对中国城市发展的几点启示

科学精神与人文精神同根、同源,却在城市发展的过程中疏离。文章通过对概念的辨析,以及其对城市发展的影响,探求科学精神和人文精神的融通、互动在树立城市正确发展观中的重要性。     

Book review

This article outlines how adolescents are currently overlooked as a specific user group of medical devices and positions the contribution that ergonomics (human factors) can make in mitigating this issue. Details are provided of the current barriers to adolescent inclusion in medical device design research. The discussion then provides guidance and suggested strategies for researchers, clinical staff and medical device developers about how to overcome difficulties such as ethical considerations and gaining access to this specific population. This is tackled through discussion of: informed consent, assent, gatekeepers, confidentiality, appropriateness of topics and proxies. The overall aim of this article is to raise awareness about adolescents in ergonomics research, specifically for the elicitation of requirements for medical devices.     

Broadening the lens for the governance of emerging technologies: Care ethics and agricultural biotechnology

In this paper we argue that insights from feminist perspectives, particularly in the form of an ethics of care, have a number of advantages when used as a lens through which to consider questions relevant to the governance of emerging technologies. We highlight how an emphasis on central themes of importance in feminist theory and care ethics such as relationality, contextuality, dependence, power, affect, and narrative can shine a light on a number of salient issues that are typically missed by the dominant and largely consequentialist risk assessment frame. We argue that the care ethics lens is a better fit when technologies are understood not simply as devices designed to create a certain end experience for a user but as transformative systems that smuggle in numerous social and political interests. The advantages of these care ethics themes for emerging technologies are illustrated through a detailed consideration of agricultural biotechnology. We show how the feminist care ethics lens might have anticipated the very questions that have proved themselves to be the sticking points for this technology. We therefore suggest that applying a care ethics lens can significantly broaden the frame of appraisal processes used for the governance of emerging technologies and usefully grant legitimacy to questions and concerns that are prominent in public discourse but typically left out of practices of risk assessment.