Investigations of geometrical structure and morphology of samples made of hard machinable materials after wire electrical discharge machining and vibro‐abrasive finishing

In this article the results concerned influence of processing conditions of the wire electrical discharge machining and vibro‐abrasive machining on the surface layer and morphology of samples made of hard machinable materials used in aircraft industry like: Titanium 5553 β, Inconel 617, Hastelloy X and Magnesium AZ31 have been presented. For this purpose the cubic and cylindrical samples made of hard machinable alloys have been prepared using optimal electric parameters of wire‐cut electrical discharge machining and finally they have been polished using circular vibratory finishing technology and different ceramic shaped stones.     

Investigation of the piezoelectric and anti-reduction properties of (Ba,Ca) (Ti,Sn, Hf) textured ceramics prepared under low oxygen partial pressure conditions at low sintering temperatures

Multilayer piezoelectric ceramics must be sintered in a reducing atmosphere, preventing oxidation of the inner base metal. Plate-like textured (Ba, Ca)(Ti, Sn, Hf)O₃ ceramics with a <001> preferred orientation were successfully developed at a low oxygen partial pressure (PO₂:10^?8 atm) using a BaTiO₃ (BT) template with sintering temperatures < 1300 °C, which is beneficial for multilayer applications using base metal co-firing with ceramics. When adding the 3 wt% BT template, the proposed samples had a Lottgering factor of 84 %, piezoelectric coefficients d₃₃ = 324 pC/N, -d₃₁ = 122 (pC/N), and Q_m = 452, and the strain values increased from 0.07 % for the randomly oriented ceramics to 0.115 % at 20 kV/cm for the textured ceramics, confirming that the texturing behavior assisted the grain growth and improved both the soft and hard behaviors and insulation resistance of the proposed lead-free ceramics. These findings make a significant contribution to the production of high-power piezoelectric components.     

多晶硅锭中硬质点分析及控制研究

以多晶硅锭中硬质点为研究对象,通过实验研究和数值模拟的方法,对多晶硅锭中硬质点进行形貌和成分分析,并提出改善控制方法。研究结果表明硅锭中部的硬质点较细小,主要由SiC组成;硅锭头部的硬质点较粗大,主要由SiC和Si3N4组成,还有少量O的存在。进一步研究发现多晶硅定向凝固铸锭炉的热场结构对于多晶硅锭硬质点形成有直接影响,通过改进热场结构,优化晶体生长界面,显著减少了铸锭中硬质点的数量。     

水平裂缝对坚硬顶板失稳破断的影响规律研究

为了研究水力压裂形成水平裂缝后坚硬顶板的失稳破断规律,基于材料力学和关键层相关理论,结合数值模拟,对含水平裂缝坚硬顶板的变形破坏特征和失稳破断机制进行了研究。结果表明:当坚硬顶板存在水平贯穿裂缝时,无论上位与下位岩层是否发生同步运动,坚硬顶板的破断步距均小于其初始极限跨距。存在水平贯穿裂缝的坚硬顶板及其上覆岩层,会形成拉压复合破坏区,更易于发生失稳破坏。坚硬顶板块体咬合点区域的拉压复合破坏作用是造成块体局部失稳、回转加剧和整体破断的主要原因。     

超高压水力割缝增透卸压规律研究与应用

运用FLAC3D软件模拟不同割缝压力和割缝间距条件下,钻孔周围煤体应力分布特征,分析了穿层钻孔水力割缝煤体卸压规律。通过在赵固二矿实施超高压水力割缝增透技术工艺,有效解决了单一低渗坚硬厚煤层瓦斯抽采技术难题,增大了抽采钻孔卸压范围,大幅提高了煤体透气性。     

块体理论在坚硬特厚煤层综放开采中的应用探索

坚硬特厚煤层采用综放开采时,顶煤受到节理裂隙面的截割,将形成相互耦合的块体,当顶煤下方形成临空面时,部分顶煤块体将首先出现垮落。针对此情况,结合现场钻孔窥视运用块体理论研究方法,分析顶煤体受到的截割状况。从块体沿着单一节理面的垮落和双节理面的垮落类型出发,分析其运动关系和动力关系,得到块体滑动垮落与节理面内摩擦角,及其与滑动垮落方向的关系式,为坚硬特厚煤层顶煤垮落分析提供新的研究角度。     

Solvent fractionation of hard palm stearin to increase the concentration of tripalmitoylglycerol and dipalmitoyl-stearoyl-glycerol as substrates for synthesis of human milk fat substitute

This research aimed to produce triacylglycerols fraction rich in palmitic acid (PA) at the sn-2 position from hard palm stearin (HPS) through acetone fractionation. Fractionations were done at HPS-to-acetone ratios of 1:3, 1:5 and 1:7 (w/v) and at temperatures of 25, 30 and 35 °C for 3 h. Triacylglycerols with PA at the sn-2 position, such as tripalmitoylglycerol (PPP) and dipalmitoyl-stearoyl-glycerol (PPS), were concentrated in the solid fraction, obtained after separation by filtration. The optimal fractionation conditions were at a HPS-to-acetone ratio of 1:5 (w/v) and 30 °C. The total PPP and PPS content was more than 91%, with a corresponding yield of more than 59%. Triacylglycerols obtained were composed of more than 91% PA in which 88% were at the sn-2 position. Conclusively, the solvent fractionation is a suited alternative method for the preparation of triacylglycerols used for the enzymatic synthesis of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol which is the main triacylglycerol for human milk fat substitute.     

多晶硅生产中残液搅拌罐密封结构的改造

在处理多晶硅生产中产生的残液时,残液搅拌罐填料密封出现泄漏,针对此问题提出了优化措施,达到了预期效果。     

Sulfur-doped shaddock peel–derived hard carbons for enhanced surface capacity and kinetics of lithium-ion storage

Sulfur doping has been regarded an energetic route to optimize the lithium storage properties of carbon-based electrode materials. In this work, sulfur-doped shaddock peel–derived hard carbon is successfully prepared by a KOH- and C₂H₅NS-assisted pyrolysis procedure. It is demonstrated that sulfur doping has strong effect on surface activation and graphitization enhancement, which results in the significant enhancement of the surface adsorption capacity and reaction kinetics of the hard carbon materials. When employed as a lithium ion batteries (LIBs) anode, the as-obtained hard carbon demonstrates excellent cycling and rate properties, presenting a great specific capacity of 738 mAhg⁻¹ at 50 mAg⁻¹ after 200 cycles, as well as 491 mAhg⁻¹ at 200 mAg⁻¹ after 300 cycles. Even at 1000 and 2000 mAg⁻¹, the hard carbon provides a large rate capacity of 283 and 179 mAhg⁻¹, respectively. Besides, it is revealed that the Li⁺ storage process is determined by the surface-induced pseudocapacitive process, whose capacitive proportion reach 60% at 0.5 mVs⁻¹. This work suggests that the low cost and eco-friendly sulfur-doped shaddock peel–derived hard carbon is a very prospective LIB anode material.