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1.
相邻工作面开采会导致复杂的漏风情况,浮煤易自燃,增大防火工作的难度。为明确相邻采空区自燃“三带”分布特征及确定最佳注氮防灭火参数,以贵州某矿4244工作面为背景,结合现场实测,应用Fluent流场分析软件,模拟研究不同注氮方案下采空区氧气浓度场分布规律。结果表明,实测结果与模拟相吻合,验证了模拟的可靠性;当注氮位置为X=50 m,注氮流量为100 m3/h时,采空区进、回风巷侧氧化带宽度分别为7 m和38 m,能明显减少本采空区氧化带面积,且能防止氧化带距工作面太近;此工作面进风侧注氮对相邻采空区氧化带影响范围较小,这要求在回采过程中需要对煤柱进行加固,降低孔隙率,控制漏风,减少氧气进入相邻采空区,降低煤自燃风险。模拟结果为相邻采空区灾害防治工作提供了的理论指导。  相似文献   
2.
为了研究黄铁矿对煤自然氧化的影响,在煤中添加四类黄铁矿自然氧化产物,通过程序升温实验分析黄铁矿对煤自然氧化特性的影响。实验得到:不同浓度的Fe3+和Fe2+均降低了煤的三个特征点的温度,且随着浓度的升高,三个特征点的温度降低的越大。H+导致煤样在氧化过程中质量突变。Fe(OH)3对煤低温氧化具有抑制作用。对煤样进行FTIR测试,可得Fe3+和Fe2+对加速了煤中活性结构的氧化。H+对-OH、-CH2-的氧化具有促进作用。Fe(OH)3则对煤中活性基团的影响变化不大,对煤自然氧化起物理阻化作用。  相似文献   
3.
Eliminating the gold preg-robbing effect of carbonaceous matter in carbonaceous gold ores is crucial for gold leaching. In this study, suspension oxidation roasting was proposed to accelerate the decarbonization of carbonaceous gold ore. The characteristics of oxidation reaction process and gas release were analyzed by TG-DTA-FTIR. The phase transformation and microstructure evolution of samples during roasting were analyzed by XRD, SEM and BET. The results show that the gold preg-robbing effect was eliminated after the gasification of carbonaceous matter, and the CaO generated by decomposition of carbonates can effectively capture the SO2. After roasting for 75 min at 650 °C in a 20% O2 atmosphere, the total carbon removal rate reached 99.42%, the distribution of exposed gold increased from 28.85% to 77.10% and the gold leaching efficiency increased from 4.55% to 84.83%. In addition, about 70% sulfur was mainly fixed in the roasted products in the form of sulfate. Therefore, the suspension oxidation roasting process is an efficient and clean pretreatment method for carbonaceous gold ores.  相似文献   
4.
The present work addresses the potentialities of Pt–Ru nanoparticles deposited on a graphene oxide (RGO) and TiO2 composite support towards electrochemical oxidation of ethanol in acidic media relevant for fuel cell applications. To immobilize platinum–ruthenium bimetallic nanoparticles on to an RGO-TiO2 nanohybrid support a simple solution-phase chemical reduction method is utilized. An examination using electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) indicated that Pt–Ru particles of 4–8 nm in diameter are dispersed on RGO-TiO2 composite support. The corresponding Pt–Ru/RGO-TiO2 nanocomposite electrocatalyst was studied for the electrochemical oxidation of ethanol in acidic media. Compared to the commercial Pt–Ru/C and Pt/C catalysts, Pt–Ru/RGO-TiO2 nanocomposite yields higher mass-specific activity of about 1.4 and 3.2 times, respectively towards ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). The synergistic boosting provided by RGO-TiO2 composite support and Pt–Ru ensemble together contributed to the observed higher EOR activity and stability to Pt–Ru/RGO-TiO2 nanocomposite compared with other in-house synthesized Pt–Ru/RGO, Pt/RGO and commercial Pt–Ru/C and Pt/C electrocatalysts. Further optimization of RGO-TiO2 composite support provides opportunity to deposit many other types of metallic nanoparticles onto it for fuel cell electrocatalysis applications.  相似文献   
5.
To explore the feasibility and related mechanism of MFC biosensor for wastewater detection under the action of combined heavy metals. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to explore the related bioelectrochemical process. The response of the reactor to single/combined heavy metals, low/high heavy metal concentrations, and the differences in ohmic resistance (Rs) and charge transfer resistance (Rct) were investigated using Ni as the core heavy metal and the combined action of Cd, Cu and Zn. The results indicated that there was a linear relationship between the concentration and output voltage of the MFC biosensor under the action of combined heavy metals (R2 = 0.8803–0.973). However, the internal resistance (Rint) of the MFC biosensor under the action of single heavy metal was far less than that of the combined heavy metal group, and the power density (19.849 W m?3) was 4 times that of the combined heavy metal group (3.109–4.589 W m?3). The Rs of the biosensors in the combined heavy metal group were 0.868Ω and 0.860, which were higher than 0.768Ω of the single heavy metal sensor. With the increase of the concentration of heavy metals in the influent, the increase of Rct was more obvious in the combined group, while the Rs in the single group significantly increased (P < 0.05). The results imply that it is possible for MFC biosensors to be used in the detection of actual water polluted by various heavy metals, but the biosensor performance is mainly limited by Rct, which needs to be further improved.  相似文献   
6.
Electrolysis of water for producing hydrogen instead of traditional fossil fuels is one of the most promising methods to alleviate environmental pollution and energy crisis. In this work, Fe and F ion co-doped Ni3S2 nanoarrays grown on Ni foam substrate were prepared by typical hydrothermal and sulfuration processes for the first time. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation demonstrate that the adsorption energy of the material to water is greatly enhanced due to the doping of F and Fe, which is conducive to the formation of intermediate species and the improvement of electrochemical performance of the electrode. The adsorption energy of anions (F and S) and cations (Fe and Ni) to water in each material was also calculated, and the results showed that F ion showed the most optimal adsorption energy of water, which proved that the doping of F and Fe was beneficial to improve the electrochemical performance of the electrode. It is worth noting that the surface of Fe–F–Ni3S2 material will undergo reconstruction during the process of water oxidation reaction and urea oxidation reaction, and amorphous oxides or hydroxides in situ would be formed on the surface of electrode, which are the real active species.  相似文献   
7.
有机朗肯循环(Organic Rankine Cycle,ORC)可实现中低温热能的有效利用,但其热利用效率仍可进一步提高,而内置换热器的使用可有效提高循环的热利用效率。因此,文章构建了内置换热器ORC系统的热力学模型。研究了当蒸发温度变化时,R600,R601a,R236ea,R245fa,R245ca,R123,R600a,R114和R142b对内置换热器ORC系统性能的影响,并比较了内置换热器ORC系统与传统ORC系统的净输出功率和热效率。结果表明:在最优蒸发温度下,采用R236ea的内置换热器ORC系统净输出功率大于其余工质,为32.40 kW,其比第二最大净输出功率R600a系统相对增大1.16%;采用R601a的内置换热器ORC系统的热效率最大。内置换热器ORC系统的最大净输出功率及热效率均较传统ORC系统显著增大。  相似文献   
8.
采用合适的渗铝氧化处理工艺在CLAM钢基体表面制备了铝化物涂层,然后利用XRD、EPMA、SEM、纳米压痕仪、室温拉伸试验机等手段研究了渗铝氧化处理前后组织和力学性能变化,尤其是涂层的相组成变化,进而详细分析了硬度变化和拉伸断口的断裂机制。结果表明,渗铝氧化处理后在CLAM钢表面形成了由约30.8 μm厚的FeAl相层和约70.7 μm厚的α-Fe(Al)固溶体层组成的铝化物涂层,最外层FeAl相的硬度最大为834.7 HV,由外向内硬度逐渐降低至315.1 HV,基体内部的硬度出现略微回升。CLAM钢在渗铝氧化前后的抗拉强度分别为581.38 MPa和555.83 MPa,断后伸长率分别为30%和28%,断裂模式由渗铝氧化前的韧性断裂变成准解理断裂。由于渗铝及氧化热处理导致的晶粒尺寸增大和第二相粒子聚集,CLAM钢在渗铝氧化后拉伸性能下降,同时在表面涂层处易产生裂纹源从而加速材料断裂。  相似文献   
9.
石英玻璃相对于金属、晶体、陶瓷等大多数固体材料具有更小的机械振动能量损耗,是许多精密测量器件的首选材料。本文测试对比了四种类型(Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类和Ⅳ类)石英玻璃的振动能量损耗特性,从材料化学组分和结构缺陷方面分析了石英玻璃本征损耗的影响因素及作用机理。结果表明:Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类石英玻璃的本征损耗显著大于Ⅲ类和Ⅳ类石英玻璃,主要是由金属杂质含量高和气泡等级低造成的;羟基含量不是影响石英玻璃本征损耗的主要因素;表面损耗是石英玻璃器件振动能量损耗的主要来源之一,可以通过湿法刻蚀消除。  相似文献   
10.
刘善彬 《中州煤炭》2022,(7):104-109
当前无人机技术发展迅速,基于无人机的摄影测绘技术在土地调查中的应用是未来的大趋势。首先研究了无人机遥感系统,共由5大部分构成,分别为飞行平台、导航控制系统、传感器、地面工作站以及数据处理系统。在对试验区域基本情况进行简要介绍的基础上,分析了无人机影像获取的基本过程与步骤,对影像图片数据处理中的关键技术进行了分析。通过人工方式对试验区域内的土地类型进行了内业解译,同时选择部分区域开展外业实地调查工作,将两者结果进行对比分析,发现内业解译结果精度超过95%。若使用分辨率更高的摄像设备可以进一步提升内业解译的精度。  相似文献   
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