一种基于全变分技术和Lp伪范数的椒盐噪声去除方法

针对传统各向同性全变分（Isotropy total variation，ITV）去噪算法容易导致图像边缘模糊、不易保持图像细节信息等问题，提出一种基于L _p 伪范数和各向同性全变分的图像去噪方法。该方法将L _p 伪范数代替ITV模型中的L ₁范数，利用交替方向乘子算法（Alternating direction method of multipliers, ADMM）将能量泛函拆解成若干个子问题，并将差分算子视为卷积算子；然后引入卷积定理和快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier transform, FFT)提高算法运算效率；最后通过Matlab进行仿真实验，运用图像质量的客观和主观评价方法进行评价分析。结果表明，本文方法能够较好地保留图像的边缘特性，有效提升去噪效果。     

Elasto-Thermodiffusive Response in a Spherically Isotropic Hollow Sphere

The present work deals with the investigation of elasto-thermo diffusion interactions inside a spherically isotropic hollow sphere in the context of linear theory of generalized thermoelastic diffusion based on Green and Lindsay theory. The inner and outer boundaries of the body are free from stresses and are subjected to a time-dependent thermal shock and also the chemical shock. Laplace transform techniques are used to write the basic equations in the form of a vector matrix differential equations, which is then solved by the eigenvalue approach. The inversion of the transformed solution is carried out by applying the method of Bellman. The stress, temperature, mass concentration and chemical potential are computed and presented graphically. A comparative study of diffusive medium and thermoelastic medium is carried out, and it was seen that the effect of diffusion is significant on the stresses. A comparison of spherically isotropic body with isotropic body has also been presented, and a significant difference is observed.     

Analysis of arbitrarily shaped planar cracks in three-dimensional isotropic hygrothermoelastic media

In the present article, a planar crack of arbitrary shape embedded in three-dimensional isotropic hygrothermoelastic media is investigated. Based on the general solutions and Hankel transform technique, the fundamental solutions for unit-point and extended displacement discontinuities (EDD; including the displacement discontinuities, moisture concentration discontinuity, and the temperature discontinuity) are derived. The EDD boundary integral equations for an arbitrarily shaped, planar crack in the hygrothermoelastic medium are established in terms of the EDD. Utilizing the boundary integral equation method, the singularities of near-crack front fields are analyzed, and the stress, moisture flux, and heat flux intensity factors are all derived in terms of the EDD. As a special case, the analytical solution for a penny-shaped crack under uniform combined loadings is presented. The EDD boundary element method is proposed for numerical simulation. The numerical result for a penny-shaped crack subjected to uniform mechanical–moisture–thermal loading is compared with the analytical solution to verify the correctness of the proposed method. Two coplanar elliptical cracks subjected to combined loadings are simulated as an application, and the influences of applied loadings and the ellipticity ratio are discussed.     

四川盆地涪陵地区龙马溪组页岩横向各向同性地应力测井评价方法

页岩由于矿物的定向排列等因素呈现出各向异性，基于各向同性模型的地应力计算方法已不适用。综合测井、岩心实验、压裂施工等数据建立涪陵地区龙马溪组页岩横向各向同性地应力测井评价方法，主要包括：建立垂向有效压力与横波速度关系模板，预测地层压力；利用通过岩石物理建模的方法计算求取目的层的Biot系数；采用速度回归拟合的方法求取页岩横向各向同性介质6个刚度系数，计算横向、垂向杨氏模量及泊松比。应用结果表明横向各向同性模型能更好地反映实际地层情况。     

冲刷作用下层状横观各向同性土中群桩水平振动响应

采用有限元(FEM)与间接边界元(BEM)耦合法,求解冲刷作用下层状横观各向同性地基中高承台群桩的水平振动响应。采用三节点梁单元对群桩进行离散;然后,基于层状横观地基频域内的解答,以及考虑桩–桩相互作用,建立了地基积分方程;再通过对积分方程离散和数值求解,得到地基的柔度矩阵;根据桩土之间的协调条件,推导出群桩与地基共同作用的方程;通过引入各基桩桩顶的边界条件,获得共同作用方程的解答。最后,通过相关数值算例,验证本文理论及结果的正确性,并讨论冲刷深度对群桩水平振动响应的影响。     

BEM analysis of elastic foundation beams on multilayered isotropic soils

This paper presents a boundary element method to analyze the elastic foundation finite beams on 2D plane-strain and 3D multilayered isotropic soils. Starting with the basic equations of elasticity and based on the Fourier transform, the transfer matrix of a single soil layer is derived. According to the boundary conditions and continuity conditions between two adjacent soil layers, the solution of multilayered elastic soils is obtained to be a kernel function of BEM analysis. The elastic foundation beam is modeled as a Bernoulli–Euler beam using the finite difference method. With the displacement and stress condition of coordination between beam and soil, the solution is acquired for beams resting on multilayered soils. Comparing the solution with the published data shows that the solution is in good agreement, and some numerical examples show that the beam behavior is affected vitally by soil–beam stiffness ratio and the stratification of soils.     

双向耦合剪切条件下饱和砂土动强度特性试验研究

针对饱和粉细砂,利用双向耦合多功能剪切仪进行了均等固结条件下的循环耦合剪切试验。应用已有的动强度定义,着重研究了双向动荷载的相位差β,双向动荷载的幅值比值λ对砂土动强度及孔压特性的影响。实验结果表明,砂土液化动强度与相位差β及幅值之比λ密切相关,现有的动强度定义在复杂加载情况下具有一定局限性;双向动荷载相位差β以及幅值比值λ对孔隙水压力增长速度影响显著,但对归一化孔隙水压力发展模式没有显著的影响。     

等向应力条件下非饱和原状黄土增湿渗水特性试验研究

渗水系数是非饱和土固结分析的关键参数之一。用自制的非饱和土三轴剪切渗透仪,在无应力及不同等向应力下分别对不同和相同孔隙比的原状黄土进行了直接向试样分级注水使吸力逐渐减小的增湿渗透试验,分析了孔隙比,应力与饱和度及吸力对增湿渗水系数的影响,对比分析了无应力与应力作用下的渗水特性,提出了可以考虑应力与饱和度或吸力影响的非饱和原状黄土增湿渗水的渗透性函数。研究结果表明:孔隙比和应力对渗水系数与饱和度关系及渗水系数与吸力关系皆有影响,吸力较大时对后者几乎没有影响,可近似归一。无应力及不同应力条件下,只要孔隙比相同,则渗水系数与饱和度或吸力关系相同;相对渗水系数与吸力的关系不能归一,同一吸力对应的相对渗水系数随孔隙比的减小或应力的增大而增大,而相对渗水系数与饱和度及吸力比(吸力与脱气值之比)关系皆可以归一。v G-M模型不适用于描述常孔隙比下原状黄土的渗水系数;提出的渗透函数可以预测一定等向应力作用下增湿过程中饱和度增大及吸力减小时原状黄土的渗水系数,预测结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

粗颗粒土橡皮膜嵌入试验研究

对于粗颗粒土三轴固结排水剪试验,橡皮膜嵌入是影响试验体变测量的最重要因素。通过在中三轴试样中埋置不同直径铁棒的方法进行等向固结试验来推求橡皮膜嵌入量。试验表明,试样土体体积与排水量呈较好的线性关系,基此给出了各个围压下的膜嵌入量。指出随着围压的增大,膜嵌入量逐渐增大,约0.8 MPa后,嵌入量的增速变缓,嵌入量占实时总排水量的比例可达31.0%~40.7%。由于粗颗粒土的各向异性,目前所用最多的Newland和Allely所提出的方法总体略高估了膜嵌入的大小,随着围压的增大,各向异性减弱,围压为2 MPa时嵌入量差异仅有0.22%的体变。最后,对比4种解析解发现Molenkamp和Luger的解析解最为接近试验值。针对粗颗粒土,需要进行更多的试验来建立颗粒破碎率和相对密度等与系数η的关系来修正解析解。     

金属复合屋面板用硬质聚氨酯泡沫的力学性能

针对金属复合屋面板用硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料分别进行了发泡方向和涂层方向的拉伸、压缩力学性能试验,对各向基本力学参数进行了测定.结果表明：硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料在发泡方向和涂层方向的拉伸和压缩力学性能不相同,不能简单看作为各向同性材料.在拉伸情况下,硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料呈脆性破坏,但压缩时存在明显屈服平台且无明显破坏特征.硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料发泡方向与涂层方向的力学参数差异明显,其发泡方向的拉、压弹性模量仅约为涂层方向的1/2,拉伸极限强度及压缩屈服强度也都明显低于涂层方向.根据试验数据,建议了适用于硬质聚氨酯泡沫的横观各向同性本构模型并对主要参数进行了拟合.