Fluorescence in situ hybridization of three oncogenes on a leiomyoma

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization technique, expression of three oncogenes, C-myc, RARa, and cyclin-D was tested on a uterine leiomyoma. C-myc and RARa were amplified in approximately 30% and 90% of the cells, respectively. Numerous small signals of C-myc were indicative of the presence of double minutes. Amplification of RARa is being reported for the first time in a leiomyoma. Cyclin-D was normal in diploid cells while it was highly amplified in polyploid cells. Low levels of amplified C-myc and cyclin-D cells seem to be the reason for this tumor to be benign, while RARa could not be effective without the association of some other gene such as PML. Information presented here are significant toward developing new curative strategies such as gene-specific drugs and molecular manipulation to stop the activity of cancer gene. Further study may elucidate that how fibroids grow and maintain their rare benign nature.     

子宫肌瘤患者不同术式临床诊治分析

目的探讨患者年龄、肌瘤生长部位、肌瘤大小及病理类型与手术方式的关系,总结子宫肌瘤临床诊治的经验。方法取我院2007年1月1日至2009年9月1日子宫肌瘤病例399例进行分析,并对子宫肌瘤的年龄分布、临床症状、诊断方法、手术方式的选择及病理类型进行探讨。应用SPSS软件进行统计分析,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果399例子宫肌瘤患者,年龄多集中在30～50岁之间的育龄期妇女,占总样本84.46%。手术方式以子宫肌瘤切除术为主,共201例,占50.37%,不同年龄段的患者手术方法不同,年龄越小子宫肌瘤切除术所占比例越大,20～30岁组子宫肌瘤切除术占96.97%;年龄越大全切术所占比例越大,≥50岁组子宫全切术占69.23%。结论子宫肌瘤发病具有年龄集中趋势,多在30～50岁之间;子宫肌瘤治疗以手术治疗为主。子宫肌瘤切除术将成为治疗子宫肌瘤的主要术式,微创治疗方法是子宫肌瘤治疗的发展新方向。     

超声影像方法在预测HIFU治疗子宫肌瘤疗效中的应用

子宫肌瘤是育龄期女性最常见的良性肿瘤,高强度聚焦超声(High Intensity Focused Ultrasound,HIFU)作为一种微创治疗技术,已经广泛运用于子宫肌瘤的治疗,但是对于某些特殊类型的肌瘤消融效率较低,并导致很多严重的并发症.这类肌瘤在二维灰阶超声、多普勒超声、超声造影方面有特殊的表现.对上述超声...     

高强度聚焦超声消融滋养动脉治疗子宫肌瘤的临床价值

目的：探讨高强度聚焦超声消融滋养动脉治疗子宫肌瘤的可行性及有效性。方法：47例直径4~10cm肌壁间肌瘤,高强度聚焦超声治疗前通过彩色多普勒及超声造影确定肌瘤滋养动脉的蒂,对该区域进行消融,观察治疗前后肌瘤内部彩色多普勒及超声造影等影像学变化、随访临床症状及并发症。结果：治疗后肌瘤体积有不同程度的缩小,瘤体假包膜环状血流信号消失,肌瘤内部处于持续无灌注状态,部分患者临床症状消失或明显改善。结论：HIFU消融滋养动脉治疗子宫肌瘤能够缩短治疗时间,减少并发症,是一种微创和有效的方法。     

子宫粘膜下肌瘤及宫颈肌瘤的激光治疗

我院采用CO2激光自1992～2000年治疗粘膜下肌瘤病114例、宫颈肌瘤94例、颈管肌瘤34例,总计242例,无一例并发症,获得满意的效果,是一种经济、安全、有效的治疗方法.     

纤维内镜激光治疗肺平滑肌瘤

纤维内镜与Nd：YAG激光光纤配合治疗肺平滑肌瘤,病人痛苦少,是安全有效的治疗方法。     

Molecular and Cellular Insights into the Development of Uterine Fibroids

Uterine leiomyomas represent the most common benign gynecologic tumor. These hormone-dependent smooth-muscle formations occur with an estimated prevalence of ~70% among women of reproductive age and cause symptoms including pain, abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and recurrent abortion. Despite the prevalence and public health impact of uterine leiomyomas, available treatments remain limited. Among the potential causes of leiomyomas, early hormonal exposure during periods of development may result in developmental reprogramming via epigenetic changes that persist in adulthood, leading to disease onset or progression. Recent developments in unbiased high-throughput sequencing technology enable powerful approaches to detect driver mutations, yielding new insights into the genomic instability of leiomyomas. Current data also suggest that each leiomyoma originates from the clonal expansion of a single transformed somatic stem cell of the myometrium. In this review, we propose an integrated cellular and molecular view of the origins of leiomyomas, as well as paradigm-shifting studies that will lead to better understanding and the future development of non-surgical treatments for these highly frequent tumors.     

Molecular targets of dietary phytochemicals for possible prevention and therapy of uterine fibroids: Focus on fibrosis

Uterine fibroids (myomas or leiomyomas) are common benign tumors of reproductive aged women. Fibroids are clinically apparent in 20–50% of women, and cause abnormal uterine bleeding, abdominal pain and discomfort, pregnancy complications and infertility. Unfortunately, limited numbers of medical treatment are available but no effective preventive strategies exist. Moreover, the benefits of medical treatments are tempered by lack of efficacy or serious adverse side effects. Fibrosis has recently been recognized as a key pathological event in leiomyoma development and growth. It is defined by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM plays important role in making bulk structure of leiomyoma, and ECM-rich rigid structure is believed to be a cause of abnormal bleeding and pelvic pain/pressure. Dietary phytochemicals are known to regulate fibrotic process in different biological systems, and being considered as potential tool to manage human health. At present, very few dietary phytochemicals have been studied in uterine leiomyoma, and they are mostly known for their antiproliferative effects. Therefore, in this review, our aim was to introduce some dietary phytochemicals that could target fibrotic processes in leiomyoma. Thus, this review could serve as useful resource to develop antifibrotic drugs for possible prevention and treatment of uterine fibroids.     

肺良性转移性平滑肌瘤的组织发生学研究

目的：探讨肺良性转移性平滑肌瘤(PBML)的组织发生和生物学性质。方法：对1例PBML的肺活检组织进行光镜和电镜观察以及免疫组化研究。结果：中年女性患者,有子宫平滑肌瘤病史。胸部CT显示双肺多发性结节影。巨检：胸膜下和肺内散在灰白色结节,直径0.2至0.4cm不等,边界清楚,无包膜。光镜观察：瘤细胞呈梭形,弥漫排列,其间有柱状上皮构成的腺样结构,分化成熟。免疫组化：梭形瘤细胞表达vimentin、desmin和平滑肌肌动蛋白,不表达CK、EMA、S-100、NSE和嗜铬素A,腺样结构表达甲状腺转录因子-1。超微结构显示梭形瘤细胞分化好,胞质内有肌丝和扩张的粗面内质网,肌丝问有密体,质膜下有密斑,细胞外有大量的胶原纤维。结论：PBML的梭形瘤细胞似分化成熟的平滑肌细胞和肌纤维母细胞,腺样结构起源于呼吸上皮,提示该瘤实为原发于肺的多发性纤维平滑肌瘤性错构瘤。