影响荔枝酒发酵过程中挥发酸的因素

挥发酸的控制是荔枝酒的生产过程中的重要技术瓶颈,发酵过程易造成荔枝果酒挥     

银杏叶粗提物对荔枝的防腐保鲜效果

以银杏为研究对象,利用乙醇浸提法得到银杏叶粗提物,从色泽、VC含量、质量损失率、菌落总数以及感官评定等方面评价银杏叶粗提物对荔枝的防腐保鲜效果。结果表明:随着处理时间的延长,银杏叶粗提物能减少荔枝水分损失,抑制褐变,延缓VC含量的下降,减少微生物对荔枝果肉的侵染以及降低腐烂率,较好地保持了荔枝的感官品质。在试验浓度范围内(0.2%~0.6%),银杏叶粗提物浓度与荔枝防腐保鲜效果呈正相关。银杏叶粗提物对荔枝具有较好的防腐保鲜效果。     

莲藕柔性去皮机的研究

介绍了莲藕去皮机的结构和工作原理,对莲藕的几何特性进行了统计分析,研究了刷轮厚度、喂入速度、动刷轮转速对去皮性能的影响规律,并进行了技术经济分析。     

Effect of Calcium Lactate, 4-Hexyl Resorcinol and Vacuum Packing on Physico-chemical, Sensory and Microbiological Qualities of Minimally Processed Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruits are very susceptible to pericarp browning which adversely affects consumer acceptability even though the aril portion remains in excellent condition. Litchi arils (litchis) were treated with a solution containing 0–2% (w/v) calcium lactate (CL), 0–0.02% (w/v) 4‐hexyl resorcinol (4‐HR) and 1% potassium sorbate. The pH of solution was adjusted to 4.0 with citric acid. Treated litchis were packed in polystyrene trays, over‐wrapped with polypropylene film, vacuum‐packed (0, 47409.3, 94831.9 Pa) and stored at 4 ± 2 °C. Drip losses, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), sensory attributes and microbiological quality of stored samples were estimated. A four‐factor, three‐level experimental design (D₆ Hokes design) with 19 experiments was chosen. Mathematical models were developed to analyse and predict the effect of CL, 4‐HR, in‐package vacuum and storage time on the responses. TSS, pH and sensory scores decreased significantly (P 0.01), whereas drip losses and microbial count increased significantly (P 0.01) with time. Drip loss was significantly (P 0.1) reduced by addition of CL. 4‐HR prevented browning and changes in colour score during storage were significantly less. Vacuum in packages exerted significant (P 0.01) effect over pH, TSS, sensory and microbiological qualities of minimally processed litchis.     

糯米糍荔枝叶片矿质养分含量充足范围的确定

对深圳市4个典型丰产园糯米糍荔枝叶片7种矿质养分(氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、锌和硼)含量的统计分析表明:采样地点和生育时期均对叶片营养元素含量有显著的影响。四个关键生育时期(末次秋梢老熟期、花芽形态分化期、谢花期和果实成熟期)的单株样与混合(多株)样的供试矿质养分含量之间大部分没有显著差异。本研究根据丰产园糯米糍荔枝叶片混合样的分析结果提出了7种矿质养分的充足含量范围。     

荔枝茶多酚保健饮料的研制

以茶提取物茶多酚、澄清荔枝汁等为主要成分研制出具有保健功能的饮料,通过正交试验得到最佳配方,并且对澄清工艺进行研究。实验结果表明:荔枝汁、茶多酚的添加量分别为40%、0.8g/1000mL;澄清工艺中壳聚糖的添加量为0.2～0.3g/L,室温静置4h,即可得到透光率97%以上、清澈透明且对热稳定的荔枝果汁。本品不但具有抗疲劳和抗氧化作用,并具有一定的延缓衰老作用。     

Effects of pretreatments on colour alterations of litchi during drying and storage

The objective of this research was to study the effect of osmotic pretreatment with combined anti-browning agents (acid, glycerol and/or trehalose) on the colour characteristics of dried litchi after drying and during 5 months of storage compared to samples without pretreatment. The pretreated samples showed good inhibition of polyphenol oxidase activity when compared with the control, while the total phenolic contents in the dried products were not reduced. The results demonstrated that water activity, lightness difference, chroma, degree of browning (DB), and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural values of all pretreated samples increased, while hue angle decreased with storage time. Samples pretreated with glycerol showed the best potential for browning retardation, followed by glycerol combined with trehalose, and trehalose, respectively. In addition, the colour parameters were used to calculate the luminescence values, representing the data in grey scale, which were correlated with a non-enzymatic browning index. The results showed grey value could be adequately used to represent the DB of dried litchi with r ² value of 0.92.     

冰温贮藏对荔枝汁品质的影响

为了研究冰温贮藏处理对果汁品质的影响,将荔枝汁于冰点温度下贮藏并与低温贮藏作比较,每7d取样测定其理化特性及营养成分,包括pH值、总酸、蛋白质、VC等几项指标相比于原汁的变化。结果表明:随着贮藏时间的增加,冰温贮藏下的荔枝汁总酸和蛋白质基本没有变化,VC含量略有下降,保留率为82%,远远小于低温贮藏损失。冰温贮藏能很好地保存荔枝汁原有的营养物质,是一种很有前景的贮藏保鲜技术。     

果胶酶和硅藻土联合澄清荔枝果汁的研究

研究了果胶酶和硅藻土联合澄清荔枝果汁的作用和效果。在单因素分析的基础上,通过正交试验优化得到澄清工艺的最佳条件为：果胶酶用量为5mg/L、pH5、澄清时间5.5h、温度50℃、硅藻土用量4g/L。在此最佳工艺条件下,荔树果汁的澄清效果和贮存稳定性均良好。     

抗氧化剂及其增效剂对荔枝、龙眼和芒果原果汁的抗氧化作用研究

以热带水果荔枝、龙眼、芒果为研究对象,选取叔丁基羟基茴香醚（BHA）、没食子酸丙酯（PG）、特丁基对苯二酚（TBHQ）、二丁基羟基甲苯（BHT）及茶多酚等作为抗氧化剂,柠檬酸、苹果酸、磷酸、葡萄糖酸钙、EDTA等作为抗氧化增效剂,进行单体和复合抗氧化剂抗氧化试验。结果表明：对龙眼果汁的抗氧化能力从大到小排列为：TBHQ〉BHT〉茶多酚〉PG〉BHA;各种增效剂均可明显增加TBHQ的抗氧化能力,对龙眼果汁的抗氧化能力从大到小排列为：TBHQ＋苹果酸＋EDTA〉TBHQ＋苹果酸〉TBHQ＋柠檬酸〉TBHQ＋EDTA〉TBHQ＋磷酸〉TBHQ＋葡萄糖酸钙;TBHQ加入柠檬酸及EDTA增效后对荔枝、芒果原果汁的抗氧化效果理想,VC保存率均达到85%以上。