用微型剪切试验研究WDL610焊接接头性能

采用微型剪切的试验方法对WDL610钢焊接接头进行了研究,绘制出强度梯度曲线和塑性梯度曲线,直观地显示出接头各个狭窄区域的性能和变化规律.尤其是调质钢焊接接头的软化区,其性能值和宽度严重影响接头的承载能力.     

双孔微剪切评定焊接接头的局部强度

提出一种评价力学性能不均匀焊接接头强度的方法,研制了测量材料局部力学性能的双孔微剪切试验装置,对焊接接头各区域进行微剪切试验.记录加载过程中载荷传感器和位移传感器传输的数据,转化得到剪切应力-应变曲线.建立双孔微剪切试验的有限元模型,选择不同屈服应力和加工硬化指数的材料进行有限元模拟,建立试验剪切应力,应变曲线与材料强度参数的相关性,并利用拉伸试验对其准确性进行了验证.结果表明,利用双孔微剪切试验曲线可直接得到材料的强度参数,并利用双孔微剪切试验测定X70管线钢焊接接头上各区的强度.     

不锈钢激光-MAG复合焊接头微区性能研究

激光复合焊可用于不锈钢焊接,但激光复合焊接头热影响区小,组织变化梯度大.研究接头微区性能可以确定接头薄弱环节,为焊接接头的工艺评定和断裂分析提供理论依据.为此,本文对4 mm厚SUS301L-HT不锈钢进行激光-MAG复合焊接,采用维氏硬度、微型剪切和微拉伸等试验,研究了焊接接头焊缝、热影响区及母材的微区力学性能,并结合金相、断口扫描等分析了各微区力学性能的差异.结果表明：焊缝区域组织主要为柱状奥氏体树枝晶+少量的δ铁素体;母材的剪切强度和抗拉强度最高,分别为560和1 066 MPa,其次为复合焊接头热影响区,焊缝区域最差,接头硬度分布规律与各微区强度变化趋势一致;运用数学方法,得出了接头微拉伸强度与微型剪切强度、硬度之间关系的经验公式.接头各微区剪切断口和拉伸断口SEM分析呈现典型的韧性断裂特征.     

孔间厚度对双孔法测定材料局部强度的影响及方法改进

工程上对金属材料进行承载能力评定时,需测定各区域的局部强度;在双孔微剪切试验的基础上,研制可稳定加载的双孔微剪切试验新装置,构建荷载位移同步检测的LabVIEW系统,并对12Cr13、S31608和16 Mn三种钢材料进行多组双孔试验;借助标准拉伸试验,通过对试验数据的分析,研究孔间厚度t对荷载位移试验曲线的影响,并给出归一化参数Py/￡与屈服强度σy,归一化参数Pm/2t与抗拉强度σt的相关关系,实现由双孔试验曲线的特征值和孔间厚度一同求取局部强度参数;试验结果表明,孔间厚度的微小变化对荷载位移曲线具有明显可测的影响,且应用改进的装置以及归一化参数来测定12Cr13、S31608和16 Mn局部强度的方法,可以有效地减小孔间厚度对测定精度的影响.     

Effect of Different Surface Treatment Methods on Micro-Shear Bond Strength of CAD-CAM Restorative Materials to Resin Cement.

This study aimed to investigate the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of surface treated CAD-CAM materials to resin cement. The specimens obtained from IPS e.max CAD, Lava Ultimate, Cerasmart and Vita Enamic were divided according to the surface treatment method applied as: no treatment, 3W and 2W Er, Cr:YSGG laser irradiation, sandblasting and 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) application. Then, μSBS and field emission-scanning electron microscope analysis were performed. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney U and the Kruskal Wallis tests. For all materials, the highest μSBS values were demonstrated in HF acid applied groups. Regarding the μSBS values of IPS e.max CAD, no significant differences were found among control, 2W Er, Cr:YSGG laser and sandblasting groups (p?>?0.05). For Cerasmart and Lava Ultimate; 2W Er, Cr:YSGG laser treated group showed significantly lowest μSBS values while there was no significant difference among control, 3W Er, Cr:YSGG and sandblasting groups. HF applied Lava Ultimate and IPS e.max CAD groups exhibited the highest μSBS values among all the groups. For Vita Enamic; significantly lowest μSBS values were obtained in sandblasting group, whereas there was no significant difference among control, 3W Er, Cr:YSGG and 2W Er, Cr:YSGG groups (p?>?0.05). The FE-SEM images of all CAD-CAM materials submitted to surface treatment revealed an increase in surface alterations compared to control groups. It can be concluded that prior to bonding 5% HF acid treatment is the best surface treatment method regarding the bond strength for all CAD-CAM restorative materials. Er, Cr:YSGG laser application with energy level of 3W can be recommended for IPS e.max CAD.     

微型剪切试验在焊丝选择中的应用

为了保证特大型水电站引水钢管焊接接头的质量，在焊丝的筛选过程中，采用了一种新的测定非均质材料力学性能的方法——微型剪切试验，该方法能够准确地测定焊接接头各狭窄区域内材料的性能值以及它们的变化规律，特别是熔合线附近材料性能的变化梯度。通过微型剪切试验，选出了与钢管焊接接头较佳匹配的焊丝。     

双脉冲MIG焊对5052铝合金焊接接头力学性能的影响

研究了双脉冲和单脉冲MIG焊对5052Al-Mg合金焊接接头力学性能的影响.结果表明,在合适的双脉冲MIG焊工艺参数下,获得了美观的鱼鳞纹焊缝表面,焊缝金属为大量细小的等轴晶组织,接头力学性能得到提高.相比于单脉冲焊获得的接头,双脉冲焊接接头的焊接系数更高,达到93.3%,焊缝区硬度值得到提高,接头冲击韧性也更优.此外...     

边界层分离点实时检测方法

微型剪应力传感器以尺寸小、时空分辨率高的特点在边界层分离点测量中表现出了突出的优势。通过分析用于检测流体参数的微型热敏剪应力传感器的工作原理,设计了柔性热敏剪应力传感器阵列和恒流驱动电路。使用DAQPCI6024E及LabVIEW软件完成数据采集与实时信号处理,并提出采用均值变化量判断分离点的位置。风洞试验结果表明:该方法可行有效,可精确确定边界层分离点的位置。     

Removal of temporary cements following an immediate dentin hybridization approach: a comparison of mechanical and chemical methods for substrate cleaning

This study evaluated the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a composite resin cement to a pre-hybridized dentinal substrate exposed to two kinds of temporary materials; the influence of different cleaning techniques was investigated. Dentinal surfaces were conditioned with an etch-and-rinse adhesive system to obtain an immediately-sealed (IDS) layer. Each surface was divided into quadrants and covered (1) with an eugenol-free (NE_Group) or (2) with a resin-based provisional agent (CL_Group). After storage, the temporary cement was removed by using one of the following methods: (1) Hand-scaler [S]; (2) Alumina air-abrasion [SB]; (3) Glycine-powder air-abrasion [Gly]; (4) D-Limonene chemical solvent [Or]. A new IDS layer was then created; polyethylene tubes were placed on dentin surfaces and filled with a dual-cure resin cement. A universal testing machine was used for the μSBS tests; conditioned surfaces were analyzed at SEM. Means and SD were calculated; a two-way ANOVA (a: 0.05) was performed to detect significant differences among groups. For NE groups, mean μSBS values (MPa) were: 21.6 ± 6.6 [NE_NoT]; 20.7 ± 4.5 [NE_Or]; 20.1 ± 6.6 [NE_SB]; 19.1 ± 5.3 [NE_S]; 17.8 ± 2.2 [NE_Gly]. No significant differences were found among tested treatments within NE (p: 0.5493). For CL groups, mean μSBS values (MPa) ranged from 15.8 ± 2.8 (CL_S50) to 19.4 ± 2.9 (CL_Gly). Cleaning of the substrate with glycine air-abrasion statistically improved μSBS values with respect to aluminum-oxide (CL_SB: 15.8 ± 2.8) or scaling (CL_S: 16.0 ± 2.4). The application of the IDS technique was effective for preservation of freshly-cut dentin from adverse effects of temporary materials. Glycine air-abrasion is suggested when a temporary resin cement is adopted.