初探提高多排辊式冷轧管机的产量

从设计和调试多排辊式冷轧管机的实践出发，以生产率计算公式为依据，分析了影响冷轧管机产量的各种因素，提出了一些相应的改进措施。     

一种适用浅海声源的多阵列直接定位方法

针对水下传感器网络系统中的声源定位问题,提出了一种适用于浅海声源的多阵列直接定位方法。该方法根据简正波理论建立阵列接收模型,并根据各阵列接收数据建立联合似然代价函数,最后利用遗传算法进行多维搜索,直接获得声源二维位置估计。仿真结果表明,该方法的声源定位误差小于传统的分步定位方法的定位误差,在较高信噪比时的定位误差稳定在50 m内。该方法通过多阵列联合直接得出声源位置估计,避免了传统分步定位方法中二次估计误差的引入,从而提高了声源定位的精度。     

基于区域生长重心的大型多阵列圆标定板基准点的提取技术

针对视觉测量在轨道交通隧道大范围轮廓测量上的问题,研究设计一种大型多阵列圆标定板进行系统标定工作,提出区域生长重心法实现对标定图像上基准点的提取。即将区域生长法和灰度重心法相结合,通过粗定位寻找每个基准圆的种子点,考虑种子点像素的4邻域像素进行区域生长,然后利用灰度重心法提取生长区域的重心作为基准点。将非线性变化的基准点替代线性提取的基准圆的种子点,消除了图像畸变的影响,保证了特征检测过程的可靠性和鲁棒性,达到对于多阵列圆大型标定板基准点的提取。通过搭载鱼眼镜头拍摄6m的模拟隧道横断面轮廓,进行轮廓测量与还原。实验表明该方法提取的基准点像素坐标误差可达到2pixel以内,系统测量精度能够达到±5mm以内,完全满足轨道交通隧道横断面轮廓测量误差标准。     

Strategies for the screening of antibiotic residues in eggs: comparison of the validation of the classical microbiological method with an immunobiosensor method

ABSTRACT

Efficient screening methods are needed to control antibiotic residues in eggs. A microbiological kit (Explorer® 2.0 test (Zeu Inmunotech, Spain)) and an immunobiosensor kit (Microarray II (AM® II) on Evidence Investigator? system (Randox, UK)) have been evaluated and validated for screening of antibiotic residues in eggs, according to the European decision EC/2002/657 and to the European guideline for the validation of screening methods. The e-reader? system, a new automatic incubator/reading system, was coupled to the Explorer 2.0 test. The AM II kit can detect residues of six different families of antibiotics in different matrices including eggs. For both tests, a different liquid/liquid extraction of eggs had to be developed. Specificities of the Explorer 2.0 and AM II kit were equal to 8% and 0% respectively. The detection capabilities were determined for 19 antibiotics, with representatives from different families, for Explorer 2.0 and 12 antibiotics for the AM II kit. For the nine antibiotics having a maximum residue limit (MRL) in eggs, the detection capabilities CCβ of Explorer 2.0 were below the MRL for four antibiotics, equal to the MRL for two antibiotics and between 1 and 1.5 MRLs for the three remaining antibiotics (tetracyclines). For the antibiotics from other families, the detection capabilities were low for beta-lactams and sulfonamides and satisfactory for dihydrostreptomycin (DHS) and fluoroquinolones, which are usually difficult to detect with microbiological tests. The CCβ values of the AM II kit were much lower than the respective MRLs for three detected antibiotics (tetracycline, oxytetracycline, tylosin). Concerning the nine other antibiotics, the detection capabilities determined were low. The highest CCβ was obtained for streptomycin (100 µg kg^–1).     

Evaluation and validation of biochip multi-array technology for the screening of six families of antibiotics in honey according to the European guideline for the validation of screening methods for residues of veterinary medicines

The main chemicals used against varoa are acaricides, and the antibiotics used for the control of bee bacterial diseases are mainly tetracyclines, streptomycins, sulfonamides and chloramphenicol. No maximum residue limits (MRLs) have been set for any antibiotics in honey. Therefore, in the European Union, minimum recommended concentrations (RC) for the analytical performance of methods to control a certain set of these non-authorised chemicals in honey were published by the European Union Reference Laboratory (EU-RL) in 2007. Concerning the strategy for the control for antibiotic residues in honey, there is still a great need for a cheap and single multi-residue method. Biochip array technology is an innovative assay technology for the multi-analyte screening of biological samples in a rapid and easy-to-use format. A multi-array system, called Evidence Investigator? (Randox, Crumlin, Co., Antrim, UK), was evaluated in our laboratory. It is a semi-automated biochip system designed for research, clinical applications and veterinary use. A competitive chemiluminescent immunoassay is employed for the detection of antimicrobials. The MicroArray II kit (AM II) dedicated to the screening of six different families of antibiotic residues was validated according to the European guideline for the validation of screening methods for residues of veterinary medicines. The specificity was proven to be very satisfactory, and applicability to different kinds of honey was demonstrated. The detection capabilities (CCβ) of six antibiotic residues were determined and were below the RCs when exist. The AM II kit could detect at least six quinolones, four tetracyclines and three epimers, three aminoglycosides, three macrolides, thiamphenicol, florfenicol and ceftiofur along with one of its stabilised metabolites, the desfuroylceftiofurcysteine disulfide (DCCD).     

阵列感应测井仪预处理电路小型化设计与实现

采用电路集成化设计思想,实现阵列感应测井仪多频多通道微弱信号前置放大电路与带通滤波电路小型化处理。小型化预处理电路(前置放大与带通滤波电路)具有印制板尺寸小,结构简单,信噪比高,温度性能可靠,调试与维护方便等优点。分析了前置放大与带通滤波处理电路的小型化设计、计算与实现,单板常温与高温测试,分离器件与集成化芯片电路板对比等内容。小型化电路板的实现对测井仪器预处理有较高的参考价值。     

基于钽酸锂晶片的太赫兹热释电探测器

针对自由空间和波导传输太赫兹辐射功率兼容测试的需求,开展了光敏面直径为10 mm的多功能太赫兹热释电探测器的相关研究。通过有限元分析及热电耦合仿真设计,建立了敏感元件由100 μm 厚的钽酸锂（LiTaO₃）晶片和碳纳米管吸收层组成的太赫兹热释电探测器模型;采用优化的精确减薄抛光和剥离等关键工艺,重点攻克了采用大晶片多阵列方式制作LiTaO₃基太赫兹热释电探测器敏感元件的工艺难题,并完成了太赫兹热释电探测器的研制。在设定条件下,该探测器的响应度为371.8 V/W,噪声等效功率为0.34 nW/Hz^1/2。实验结果表明,设计并制作的太赫兹热释电探测器的集成度高、响应度良好、噪声等效功率低,能够有效解决大光斑太赫兹光束功率测试问题。     

Evaluation and validation of a multi-residue method based on biochip technology for the simultaneous screening of six families of antibiotics in muscle and aquaculture products

The Evidence Investigator? system (Randox, UK) is a biochip and semi-automated system. The microarray kit II (AM II) is capable of detecting several compounds belonging to different families of antibiotics: quinolones, ceftiofur, thiamphenicol, streptomycin, tylosin and tetracyclines. The performance of this innovative system was evaluated for the detection of antibiotic residues in new matrices, in muscle of different animal species and in aquaculture products. The method was validated according to the European Decision No. EC/2002/657 and the European guideline for the validation of screening methods, which represents a complete initial validation. The false-positive rate was equal to 0% in muscle and in aquaculture products. The detection capabilities CCβ for 12 validated antibiotics (enrofloxacin, difloxacin, ceftiofur, desfuroyl ceftiofur cysteine disulfide, thiamphenicol, florfenicol, tylosin, tilmicosin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, tetracycline, doxycycline) were all lower than the respective maximum residue limits (MRLs) in muscle from different animal origins (bovine, ovine, porcine, poultry). No cross-reactions were observed with other antibiotics, neither with the six detected families nor with other families of antibiotics. The AM II kit could be applied to aquaculture products but with higher detection capabilities from those in muscle. The detection capabilities CCβ in aquaculture products were respectively at 0.25, 0.10 and 0.5 of the respective MRL in aquaculture products for enrofloxacin, tylosin and oxytetracycline. The performance of the AM II kit has been compared with other screening methods and with the performance characteristics previously determined in honey.     

基于PDAF多阵多目标跟踪算法研究

为解决在多目标跟踪过程中，声纳存在交叉运动目标失跟问题．将多阵输出和多目标跟踪相结合，提出了基于概率数据联想滤波(PDAF)器的多阵多目标跟踪算法．计算机模拟结果表明，该算法在平面波模型下，利用两个线阵的输出可以稳定地跟踪两个交叉运动目标．将算法映射到DSP硬件平台，形成了一个多阵多目标跟踪的探测系统，实时处理的结果说明该算法对运动目标的估距误差小于5％     

基于环形阵列的空间滤波器结构损伤扫描监测方法研究

本文提出了一种基于环形阵列的空间滤波器结构损伤扫描监测方法,在结构中央布置环形压电传感器阵列实现对结构 的全方位扫描监测,消除了主动 Lamb 波空间滤波器监测方法中盲区及远场对监测效果的影响。 环形阵列由直径方向不同角 度的 4 个线阵组成,每个线阵采用主动 Lamb 波空间滤波监测方法对结构损伤进行监测、成像,各阵列成像结果通过 PCA-小波 变换进行融合对损伤位置进行判别,从而实现结构全方位损伤扫描监测,消除单个阵列损伤监测的盲区、远场及虚假成像等影 响,进而获得更加准确的损伤监测结果。 通过实验研究,验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。