The home environment in a nationwide sample of multi-family buildings in Sweden: associations with ocular,nasal, throat and dermal symptoms,headache, and fatigue among adults

Risk factors at home for ocular, nasal, throat and dermal symptoms, headache, and fatigue were studied in a nationwide questionnaire survey in Sweden, the BETSI study in 2006. Totally, 5775 adults from a stratified random sample of multi-family buildings participated. Associations between home environment factors and weekly symptoms were analyzed by multi-level logistic regression. In total, 8.3% had ocular symptoms; 11.9% nasal symptoms; 7.1% throat symptoms; 11.9% dermal symptoms; 8.5% headache and 23.1% fatigue. Subjects in colder climate zones had more mucosal and throat symptoms but less fatigue and ocular symptoms. Rented apartments had poorer indoor environment than self-owned apartments. Those living in buildings constructed from 1961 to 1985 had most symptoms. Building dampness, mold and mold odor were risk factors, especially headache and ocular symptoms. Lack of mechanical ventilation system was another risk factor, especially for headache. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), electric radiators, and crowdedness were other risk factors. Oiled wooden floors, recent indoor painting, and new floor materials were negatively associated with symptoms. In conclusion, building dampness, mold, poor ventilation conditions, crowdedness, ETS, and emissions from electric radiators in apartments in Sweden can increase the risk of ocular, nasal, throat and dermal symptoms, headache, and fatigue.     

基于Android的智能家居控制系统的设计研究

随着科学技术的发展，各种电器和家具控制的智能化是目前市场流行起来。人们生活水平的不断提高使人们对生活的质量有了一定的要求。在人们的日常生活中，家用电器是不可缺少的生活用品，如何快捷方便的对这些电器进行管理，使我们需要进行研究的任务。智能家居控制系统的出现为人们的生活带来了便利，也逐渐的改变和影响着人们的生活方式。本文就基于Android的智能家居控制系统的设计进行分析和研究。     

24小时尿钠排泄与难治性高血压患者血压达标状态的相关性:单中心横断面研究

目的分析24 h尿钠排泄与难治性高血压(resistant hypertension,RH)患者诊室血压及家庭自测血压(home blood pressure monitoring,HBPM)达标状态的关系。方法通过北京协和医院心内科门诊RH数据库,收集2017年10月至2018年3月间在北京协和医院心内科门诊就诊的RH患者临床资料,进行横断面调查。检测患者24 h尿钠,记录患者同期诊室血压、HBPM水平及临床用药情况,以所有患者24 h尿钠水平四分位数为分界点,将研究对象分为低尿钠、低-中尿钠、中-高尿钠及高尿钠4组。采用多因素Logistic回归,分析影响RH血压达标状态的危险因素。结果共202例RH患者入选本研究,男性107例,女性95例,平均年龄(59. 87±16. 30)岁。24 h尿钠平均水平为(198. 92±96. 59) mmol,年轻患者及体质量指数高者尿钠水平更高(P均<0. 001)。随尿钠升高,降压药物的服用种类显著增多(P=0. 001),早晨及上午的HBPM达标率低(P=0. 040,0. 032)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,24 h尿钠水平与诊室血压(OR=2. 356,95%CI:1. 004～5. 533,P=0. 049),HBPM早晨血压(OR=2. 408,95%CI:1. 026～5. 650,P=0. 030)及HBPM上午血压(OR=2. 299,95%CI:1. 031～5. 129,P=0. 033)达标状态独立相关,而与下午及夜间HBPM血压达标状态无显著相关(P均>0. 05)。结论 24 h尿钠是RH患者诊室血压及HBPM早晨及上午血压达标的独立相关因素,限制钠盐摄入对减少RH患者血压波动、促进血压达标有重要作用。     

长期护理保险政策对养老护理员队伍的影响及优化对策研究

通过对养老护理员队伍稳定性的调查研究,了解长护险制度对于养老机构护理员队伍离职意愿的影响,为提高护理员队伍稳定性、促进队伍良性发展提供长护险政策优化对策和建议。采用定性和定量相结合的调查研究办法,对上海养老机构和居家养老护理员进行问卷调查和个别访谈,采用SPSS23.0软件统计分析调查资料。结果显示,在长护险制度背景下养老机构护理员压力趋多、负担趋重、薪酬公平感降低,队伍稳定性受到极大影响,建议通过缩小养老机构和居家养老护理员之间的薪酬差距,建立居家养老护理员实地培训基地,注重护理员队伍的培育和素质提升问题,优化护理员考核评价标准等一系列措施,优化长期护理保险政策。