The study of palm‐oil‐based bio‐polyol on the morphological,acoustic and mechanical properties of flexible polyurethane foams

The focus of this paper was to explore the acoustic properties of flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam modified by palm‐oil‐based polyol (POP). The presence of POP showed a marked influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of FPU foam. A smaller mean pore diameter can be observed at lower POP content. Indeed, the introduction of POP caused a higher closed pore ratio and an increased air‐flow resistivity, which consequently improved the sound absorption coefficient and transmission loss. In particular, the acoustic performance of the all bio‐based FPU foam was enhanced at low frequency, and the density was lower than that of the reference foam. Additionally, the addition of POP also improved the compressive strength. Conversely, the tensile strength of FPU foam declined with increasing POP content. From this study, the outstanding acoustic ability of bio‐based FPU foam has been proved, with additional advantages of lower density and higher compressive strength. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

环氧树脂基双组分水性聚氨酯的制备及其在木器涂料中的应用

为提高双组分水性聚氨酯的室温交联速度，将 N-苄基乙醇胺引入到环氧树脂制备了环氧树脂基水性多元醇，表征了多元醇的化学结构，并测定了其相对分子质量、粒径分布和玻璃化温度等主要技术参数。将环氧树脂基水性多元醇与多异氰酸酯配合制备了双组分水性聚氨酯，采用红外光谱法研究了室温交联反应过程。研究结果表明：多元醇分子结构中引入苄胺基加快了双组分水性聚氨酯的交联反应速度。将双组分水性聚氨酯制备成水性木器涂料，漆膜具有优异的耐冲击性、附着力、柔韧性、光泽、耐液体介质、硬度、丰满度等性能。     

聚酯类增塑剂的合成与应用研究进展

综述了国内外聚酯增塑剂的合成及应用的最新研究进展，重点介绍了超支化、生物基、石油基聚酯增塑剂的合成与制备方法以及不同类型聚酯增塑剂在聚氯乙烯(PVC)、淀粉、聚乳酸、聚氨酯弹性体与橡胶制品中的最新应用研究进展；并对聚酯增塑剂未来发展方向做了展望。     

无色分散剂在聚合物多元醇中的应用研究

使用自制的具有特殊双键结构、低黏度、无色透明分散剂(BDF-4)合成高固含量普通聚合物多元醇(POP)。实验表明,采用BDF-4合成的聚合物多元醇,不仅黏度低、粒子细腻,而且水溶性很好;同时,由于分散剂特殊的结构使得所制备的聚氨酯软泡具有较高的承载力。     

Hydrophobizing polyether sulfone membrane by sol-gel for water desalination using air gap membrane distillation

ABSTRACT

The hydrophobic polyether sulfone membranes were prepared by the sol-gel method to be applied in an air gap membrane distillation setup for desalination. The surface modifications were carried out using Trimethylsilyl chloride (TMSCl) and Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) solutions. The membranes were characterized using Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Optical Contact Angle (OCA) methods. The effects of membrane preparation as well as operating conditions such as temperature difference, salt concentration, feed rotation speed, and cold-side temperature on membrane performance were investigated using central composite design method. It was found that feed temperature has the largest effect among the parameters on the permeation flux. The flow rate and salt rejection of the membrane in the optimum conditions were 4.47 Kg m^?2 h^?1 and 99.37%, respectively.     

含不饱和聚醚的新型聚羧酸类减水剂的合成与应用

采用了工业化的不饱和聚醚多元醇为反应单体,合成了一种高减水率,长缓凝时间的新型聚羧酸系高效减水剂.     

HTPE与FOX-7和FOX-12混合体系的热分解

利用差示扫描量热(DSC)法和热重-微商热重(TG-DTG)法得到端羟基聚醚(HTPE)/1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7)混合体系和HTPE/N-脒基脲二硝酰胺(FOX-12)混合体系在不同升温速率(2.5,5.0,10.0,20.0℃·min~(-1))下的热分解曲线,用Kissinger公式和Ozawa公式计算了HTPE、HTPE/FOX-7和HTPE/FOX-12体系热分解的表观活化能。结果表明,HTPE的热分解过程为一个失重过程,其表观活化能E_k为127.45 kJ·mol~(-1)。Kissinger公式和Ozawa公式计算的HTPE/FOX-7混合体系表观活化能分别为288.16 kJ·mol~(-1)和270.85 kJ·mol~(-1),HTPE/FOX-12混合体系的表观活化能分别为179.50 kJ·mol~(-1)和170.35 kJ·mol~(-1)。对于同一体系,两种公式计算的结果基本一致。与单组份(FOX-7或FOX-12)相比,HTPE/FOX-7和HTPE/FOX-12体系的表观活化能分别降低了17.1~34.5 kJ·mol~(-1)和78.8~87.9 kJ·mol~(-1)。HTPE均降低了2种钝感含能组份(FOX-7和FOX-12)的(主)分解峰温度,FOX-7高温分解放热峰峰温降低了14.4℃,FOX-12的分解放热峰峰温降低了17.4℃。HTPE/FOX-7混合体系分解放热量增加了196.2 J·g~(-1),而HTPE/FOX-12混合体系分解放热量减少了275.2 J·g~(-1)。     

铝粉粒度和含量对NEPE推进剂燃烧产物颗粒阻尼的影响

为研究铝粉粒度和含量对NEPE推进剂燃烧产物颗粒阻尼的影响,采用密闭弹燃烧法收集了NEPE推进剂的凝相燃烧产物并开展粒度分析,根据Culick线性颗粒阻尼理论计算了燃烧产物对声不稳定燃烧的颗粒阻尼。结果表明,铝粉的粒度和含量均显著影响NEPE推进剂燃烧产物对声不稳定燃烧的颗粒阻尼,主要是由于铝粉粒度和含量影响了凝相燃烧产物的粒度分布。对一定频率声不稳定燃烧,凝相燃烧产物中粒径处于[1/2D_(opt),2D_(opt)](D_(opt)为最佳颗粒粒径)区间的颗粒质量分数越高,燃烧产物的颗粒阻尼效率系数越大,产生的颗粒阻尼越大。燃烧产物中凝相燃烧产物的质量分数是决定颗粒阻尼大小的因素之一,与推进剂中铝粉含量呈正相关。     

建筑用硅烷改性聚氨酯密封胶研究进展

综述了硅烷改性聚氨酯密封胶的发展历程、固化机理、合成方法、典型配方、性能、研究开发进展以及存在的一些问题.指出,硅烷改性聚氨酯密封胶综合了聚氨酯密封胶和硅酮密封胶两者的优势,具有快速固化,耐水、耐候,粘结性能优异,基材适应性广,不合游离—NCO基团等优点,在中高端建筑领域有着较好的市场应用前景.