北欧地域性建筑成因探究

当代北欧建筑以其简洁、优雅的特点闻名于世,从合理的社会制度、平等的社会观念、以人为本的设计传统和强烈的民族认同四个方面阐述了北欧建筑具有简洁、优雅特征的原因。     

Verification of the new viscoelastic method of thermal stress calculation in asphalt layers of pavements

The new viscoelastic method of thermal stress calculations in asphalt layers has been developed and published recently by the author. This paper presents verification of this method. The verification is based on the comparison of the results of calculations with results of testing of thermal stresses in Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test. The calculations of thermal stresses according to the new method were based on rheological parameters of the Burgers model. The parameters were measured in laboratory at different low temperatures, at long time creep under constant loading. Five asphalt mixes were tested. Three of them were high modulus asphalt concretes and two conventional asphalt concretes. Specimens were prepared in exactly the same way both for rheological creep tests and for the Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test. The results of measured thermal stresses were compared with thermal stresses calculated from the new viscoelastic method developed by the author and in most cases a good agreement was found. For comparison, the measured stresses were compared with results of calculations according to the existing methods. The viscoelastic Monismith method failed in prediction of thermal stresses. The prediction from the quasi-elastic Hills and Brien method was underestimated, but better than from the Monismith method and worse than from the new viscoelastic method. The reasons of discrepancies were discussed.     

论视觉语言表达的简洁性

设计是一种思考事物和看待客观世界的方式。笔者基于对视觉语言的概念和基本元素的理解,提倡从对事物本质的分析和把握入手,以特征化的视觉语言加以表述,准确地把信息内容翻译成可视的图像。如此,才能使信息更加有效、迅速、准确地传达——而这也正是设计的根本目的之所在。     

ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE COMPLEXITY AND CREDIBILITY OF INFERRED MODELS

Abstract

The connection between the simplicity of scientific theories and the credence attributed to their predictions seems to permeate the practice of scientific discovery. When a scientist succeeds in explaining a set of nobservations using a model Mof complexity c then it is generally believed that the likelihood of finding another explanatory model with similar complexity but leading to opposite predictions decreases with increasing nand decreasing c. This paper derives formal relationships between n, c and the probability of ambiguous predictions by examining three modeling languages under binary classification tasks: perceptrons, Boolean formulae, and Boolean networks. Bounds are also derived for the probability of error associated with the policy of accepting only models of complexity not exceeding c. Human tendency to regard the simpler as the more trustworthy is given a qualified justification.     

包装设计中无彩色的运用

论述了色彩在包装设计中的重要性,黑、白、灰、金银色等无彩色系与有彩色之间的配合,以及无彩色之间的相互配置关系.无彩色在包装上的运用对丰富包装设计效果是十分重要的.     

室内环境艺术的"简约"设计

通过对“简约”设计的定义与表现形式的分析,提出了简约设计的具体操作规律:(1)整体风格的简约是基础;(2)“量”的简约可以极大提高视觉审美效果;(3)视觉审美的简约可以深化简约的内涵;(4)“功能”的简约可以使整个设计趋于最大的完美.     

内蒙古察哈尔蒙古族传统服饰的简繁艺术特征解读

察哈尔传统服饰是蒙古族28个部落传统服饰中的一支,具有突出的形制之简、色彩之素、头饰之繁、佩饰之多的艺术特征,在众多的蒙古族服饰中独树一帜。文章通过对察哈尔蒙古族现主要居住地锡林郭勒和乌兰察布地区的田野调查和历史文献调研,运用艺术学和民俗学的视角,概括其独特的简繁艺术特点,探讨该族群如何通过适简与从繁的服饰礼仪功能来构建民俗生活。研究表明,察哈尔蒙古族传统服饰的简与繁不仅是一种艺术特征,也是族群历史记忆的载体和身份建构的工具,其形成原因受到历史中军事职能、宫廷文化和游牧生活三者的共同塑造,并影响至今。     

流逝的时间与朴素的美

通过对世界现代设计史上部分经典设计的回顾,对影响了20世纪设计的不同层面的关键性人物威廉.莫里斯等人以及关键性事件"新艺术运动"的探析,指出设计当中看似最朴素最平常的美,恰恰是最为永恒和经久不衰的。而设计大师们永恒的人格魅力在流逝的时间中,为后人沉淀出了生活中朴素的经典的美。     

渗透可持续发展理念的新简约主义建筑——对瑞士Giornico雕塑博物馆的透析

新简约主义建筑强调建筑的坚固、耐久和简洁的特性，已成为当代欧洲建筑思潮的主要流派之一。新简约主义建筑的思想内核与构建可持续发展的建筑理念－脉相承，该文试图以瑞士－典型的新简约主义建筑为例，对此剖析一二。     

Rheology of a miscible blend of SAN and SMA

We present results of oscillatory shear rheology experiments on miscible blends of commercial styrene‐acrylonitrile (SAN) and styrene‐maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymers. We find that this blend system upholds the empirical time‐temperature superposition principle. We compare the thermorheological behavior in this system with other blends, on which oscillatory shear data have been published in the literature. We show that thermorheological behavior in these blends is indeed comparable to other known thermorheologically simple blends. Thermorheological simplicity in this blend is nicely anticipated by a thermorheological phase diagram in the parameter space of dynamic asymmetry and free volume, which we have recently proposed. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 1245–1249, 2000