谈民族音乐在中国电影音乐中的运用

中国的民族音乐,作为中国电影音乐的重要构成元素,在中国电影音乐的发展过程中起到了重要作用.本文从民族音乐的三个重要组成部分民歌、器乐、戏曲进行分析,探讨民族音乐在中国电影音乐中的运用,为中国电影音乐的民族化创作服务.     

CO2-dispersion studies in an operation theatre under transient conditions

Maintaining air quality and thermal comfort inside an operation theatre equipped with horizontal jet flow type air-conditioning units, has been a challenge to engineers. The objective of this study is to analyze the airflow pattern in such operation theatres and the influence of location of the air-conditioners. The outcome of this study is expected to reduce the post-operation problems faced due to excess concentration of contaminants. Experimental studies were conducted in 10 different hospital operation theatres. Parameters such as air temperature and carbondioxide concentration were measured at discrete points chosen in the theatre. A 3D time-dependent numerical model was developed to simulate the airflow in terms of parameters such as velocity, temperature and CO₂ distributions in an operation theatre under transient conditions. The Eulerian approach using the volume fraction of the mixture of air and CO₂ was used to solve the numerical model. Finite volume approach was attempted in this work with PISO (pressure implicit with split operators) algorithm for the pressure correction equations. The simulated results were compared with the experimental results for validity. The locations of the air-conditioners were changed in the numerical model to analyze the airflow patterns and the contaminant distribution.     

乐罩对剧院音质参量的影响分析

乐罩是有自然声演出功能剧场舞台表演区的重要组成部分,其作用是防止有限的自然声能被舞台吸收和逸散,并。文章分析了24座剧院加乐罩前后音质参量实测数据,研究了加乐罩前后音质参量的统计特性。加乐罩后的剧院,在混响时间、早期衰变时间、强度因子、舞台支持度等音质参量上均有显著的提升。     

HVAC and indoor thermal conditions in hospital operating rooms

Hospital operating rooms (ORs) require efficient HVAC installations to secure the highly demanding indoor environmental conditions for patients and medical personnel. This paper reviews published standards and guidelines on design, installation, commissioning, operation, and maintenance of HVAC installations in hospital ORs, indoor thermal conditions, and summarizes measured data from short monitoring of indoor thermal conditions along with audit results and main characteristics of 20 ORs in 10 major Hellenic hospitals. Measured indoor temperature ranged from 14 to 29 °C, and relative humidity from 13 to 80%. The number of air changes per hour ranged from 3.2 to 58 ACH. The commonly encountered problems include insufficient indoor air exchange, poor control on indoor thermal conditions, bad space ergonomics that influence the ventilation system operation, poor technical installations maintenance and understaffed technical departments. However, there are still opportunities for energy conservation, without sacrificing comfort, and overall quality of patient care or services.     

Vastu Shilpa Consultants (Rajeev Kathpalia)

As a partner in Vastu Shilpa Consultants in Ahmedabad, established by the master architect Balkrishna Doshi, Rajeev Kathpalia makes his own commentary on the cosmic and mythological dimension of architecture and thus continues the larger-than-building imperatives of the practice. Besides being an intersection of the seen and the unseen, and the current and archaic, his buildings and projects are deeply imbued with a landscape and territorial dimension of architecture. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bad Mood: On Design and ‘Empathy’

Evocative design is not only concerned with enriching our experience of our environment: it can also be used to seduce us into consuming. Empathy is as crucial to this strategy of entrapment as it is to designing with more magnanimous aims in mind. Benjamin H Bratton , Professor of Visual Arts and Director of the Center for Design and Geopolitics at the University of California, San Diego, reflects on the matter, and considers whether the moodlessness that defines seemingly empathy-free design is necessarily a bad thing.     

Floods should not mean disasters

More than £1 billion of public funding has been spent by the Arts Council of England (ACE) Lottery Fund on capital projects for the Arts. Many of these projects were completed late and over budget. Results from the incremental cross-case analysis of five contemporary Capital Arts projects are discussed to explore the potential for a more reliable delivery of Arts clients' ‘visions’. The findings revealed continuous conflict arising out of the application of strictly linear project management, reinforced by the sequencing of funders' awards to match the industry's custom and practice work stages. Contemporary ‘re-engineered construction’ presents value engineering as an important tool for managing financial out-turn. The impact of ‘traditional’ value engineering on the design and delivery of the case study ‘visions’ is investigated. Stakeholders' behaviours in managing value are compared with the industry's idealized models of cost control and client behaviour. The conclusions drawn indicate the necessity for dynamic management, enabling more creative iteration later in the process to balance the various stakeholders' visions, budget and time requirements. It is suggested that much more guidance is required for clients negotiating the post-feasibility stages of their capital projects to achieve this balance, and that this could take the form of a common evidence base of revelatory case studies to which this paper might contribute.

Le Fonds de la loterie du Conseil des arts d'Angleterre (ACE) a financé à hauteur de plus d'un milliard de livres sterling des projets d'investissement en faveur des arts. Bon nombre de ces projets ont été achevés avec des retards et des dépassements budgétaires. Cet article est consacré à l'examen des résultats de l'analyse croisée progressive de cinq projets d'investissement en faveur de l'art contemporain; l'objectif est d'explorer les possibilités d'une concrétisation plus viable des visions artistiques des clients. Les résultats ont fait apparaître un conflit permanent né de l'application de la gestion de projets strictement linéaire, renforcée par la séquence d'attribution des bailleurs de fonds désireux de s'adapter aux habitudes et pratiques de l'industrie. La « construction réaménagée » contemporaine présente une ingénierie de la valeur comme un outil important de gestion des résultats financiers. Les incidences de l'ingénierie de la valeur traditionnelle sur le concept et la concrétisation des visions issues d'études de cas sont analysées. Les comportements des intervenants dans la gestion de la valeur sont comparés aux modèles théoriques de l'industrie en matière de contrôle des coûts et de comportement de la clientèle. Les conclusions qui en sont tirées font ressortir la nécessité d'une gestion dynamique, permettant de procéder ultérieurement dans le processus à des itérations créatives afin d'équilibrer les visions des différents intervenants ainsi que leurs exigences en matière de budget et de calendrier. L'auteur recommande de mieux guider les clients dans leurs négociations des étapes de post-faisabilité de leurs projets d'investissement pour parvenir à cet équilibre. Cela pourrait prendre la forme d'une base de commune de preuves de cas d'étude révélateurs à laquelle cette communication pourrait contribuer.

Mots clés: Projets d'investissement, orientation des clients, conception, arts du spectacle, bâtiments, politiques d'approvisionnement, gestion de projets, théâtre, ingénierie de la valeur, gestion de la valeur     

医院照明的设计和应用

医院工作与人们生活密切相关，它是一个包括公共部位、行政管理部门、诊疗室、手术室、检查室，病房和疗养等众多复杂机构的综合体。因此本文对医院照明设计和正确应用作了详细的阐述。     

Heinz Isler's Infinite Spectrum: Form-Finding in Design

Heinz Isler (1926-2009), the Swiss designer renowned for his shell structures, was extraordinary for his innovative and exacting work. He directly produced physical models by hand in order to not only create design prototypes, but also to generate scaled-up measurements for construction. John Chilton describes how Isler successfully applied the principle of the inverted catenary arch, which was first pioneered by Robert Hooke in Sir Christopher Wren's St Paul's Cathedral in the 17th century, to thin membrane structures in three dimensions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.