异氰脲酸聚醚酯多元醇的合成及应用研究

采用双金属氰化配位物（DMC）催化三（2-羟乙基）异氰脲酸酯（THEIC）、环氧丙烷（PO）、邻苯二甲酸酐（PA）三元共聚反应,得到一种新型的三元聚合物。用核磁共振谱（1H-NMR）和红外（IR）表征了聚合物结构。并以此聚合物为原料制备了聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料,研究了泡沫塑料的力学性能、热性能和阻燃特性等。结果表明：PA的引入可以有效提高硬质泡沫塑料的拉伸性能;随着PA与PO的摩尔比增大,泡沫塑料的热分解温度提高,氧指数也有所提高。     

含异氰脲酸酯基环氧树脂的合成

为了改善环氧树脂的耐热性与韧性 ,以三羟乙基异氰脲酸酯 (THEIC)为原料 ,与环氧氯丙烷 (ECH)合成了氯化聚醚多元醇 (CPP) ,CPP与氢氧化钠反应制备了一种新型的含异氰脲酸酯基和醚键的液体环氧树脂 (EP) ,并通过IR确定了结构。CPP与氢氧化钠的摩尔比为 1∶3.2 5,在 2 50ml乙醇 ( 0 .1molCPP)中 ,室温反应 3h ,产率 87.7% ,环氧值 0 .36 87。     

Hydrogenated hydroxy-terminated polyisoprene (HHTPI) based urethane network: network properties

Polyurethane (PU) networks based on hydrogenated hydroxytelechelic polyisoprene (HHTPI) and isophorone diisocyanate isocyanurate (IIPDI) were prepared and studied. Determination of the critical conversion point (p_c=0.58) was obtained experimentally through rheological measurements. This value was similar to the value predicted using the Macosko Miller model. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses show that PUs with a high degree of phase separation is obtained (81% for [NCO]/[OH]=1). This phase segregation decreased when hard segment content increased. Glass transition temperature of the soft segment, T_gs=−66 °C, was little affected by hard segment content. Thus, the resulting polyurethanes exhibit elastomeric properties.For [NCO]/[OH]>1 ratios, a second transition at 70 °C was observed and attributed to hard segment interactions. Using swelling measurements, the solubility parameter δ, polyurethane-THF interaction parameter (χ), crosslink densities (ν_e) and the molecular weight between crosslinks were determined.     

固化剂三(2-羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响

以三(2-羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯(THEIC)为固化剂,用异氰脲酸酯(IS)环合成改性聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)。通过改变PUE链段中IS环的含量,考察其对PUE的热稳定性、力学性能和耐溶剂性的影响。结果表明,引入IS环后,PUE的耐热性能有提高;IS改性的PUE的内耗峰比未改性的窄,峰位由10℃移到-10℃,且内耗峰值增大(tanδ由0.28增大到0.46),玻璃化温度降低,而阻尼性能得到提高;引入IS环的PUE的硬度和其它力学性能比未改性的PUE有所降低;随着固化剂中THEIC用量的增加,PUE的溶胀率增大,即IS改性PUE的耐溶剂性变差。     

Acid-catalyzed moisture-curing polyurea/polysiloxane ceramer coatings

The para-toluene sulfonic acid (p-TSA) was used to catalyze the moisture curing of an organic/inorganic hybrid coating system. The organic phase was based on the isocyanurate of 1,6-hexamethylene of diisocyanate (HDI). The inorganic phase was based on the prepolymerized oligomers of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). An alkoxysilane-functionalized HDI isocyanate was added into the coating formulation to aid in phase miscibility. The general coating and tensile properties were evaluated as a function of the acid catalyst concentration. In addition, the films were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The results indicated that the acid catalyst enhanced the adhesive properties of the hybrid coatings. The addition of the acid catalyst increased the changed crosslink density of films and decreased the crystallinity of the organic phase.     

阻燃剂新品种——微胶囊化TBC及其应用

采用微胶囊包覆的方法提高了三－（２，３－二溴丙基）异氰尿酸酯（ＴＢＣ）的热稳定性，对这种阻断剂新品种的制备方法，性质和用途做了介绍。     

2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯三聚反应

研究了不同终止剂对2，4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)三聚反应的终止效果，通过对异氰酸酯含量、粘度、分子量和红外光谱的测定，确定了制备二三聚环体含量高的TDI三聚体的优化工艺条件为：50℃下，催化剂DMP 30质量分数为0．05％，TDI和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺质量比为1：1，反应时间为80min。选择适当配方制成的聚氨酯漆包线漆，耐温性能有很大的提高。     

一种耐热型聚氨酯弹性体的合成

在三聚催化剂的作用下,合成出了异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的三聚体异氰脲酸酯,然后使它与聚酯多元醇反应,采用两步法手工浇注合成含异氰脲酸酯环的聚氨酯弹性体。采用红外光谱对该三聚产物进行了表征,并证实了异氰脲酸酯的存在。采用六氢吡啶法测出了异氰脲酸酯的质量分数。分别采用热重法和机械性能测试分析了弹性体的热稳定性和机械性能。结果显示,与普通聚氨酯弹性体相比,用异氰酸酯改性后的聚氨酯弹性体的热稳定性明显得到了提高。     

三烯丙基异氰尿酸酯的合成与表征

以异氰尿酸和氯丙烯为原料,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,季铵盐为催化剂,合成三烯丙基异氰尿酸酯(TAIC),并考察了合成工艺参数对收率的影响,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)、红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振碳谱(13CNMR)对目标产物进行表征。结果表明,在n(异氰尿酸)∶n(氯丙烯)=1∶4,氯丙烯滴加温度100℃,滴加时间2 h,反应温度120℃,反应时间1.5 h,四甲基氯化铵作催化剂的条件下,收率可达93.3%(以异氰尿酸计),纯度为97.9%(HPLC)。     

TAIC对辐照交联无卤阻燃EVA热缩材料的影响

向乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer,EVA)无卤阻燃热缩材料中添加不同含量的三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(Triallyl isocyanurate,TAIC),然后采用电子束辐照,制备出交联型无卤阻燃EVA热缩材料。考察TAIC的含量和吸收剂量对样品的凝胶含量、机械性能和电性能的影响,并通过傅里叶红外(Fourier transform infrared,FTIR)光谱对EVA热缩材料进行表征。结果表明:TAIC的加入对辐射交联有促进作用,在吸收剂量一定的情况下,如150 k Gy,EVA热缩材料的凝胶含量随着TAIC含量增加;在TAIC的添加量一定的情况下,如3份(质量),EVA热缩材料的凝胶含量随着吸收剂量增加;对机械性能而言,断裂伸长率随着TAIC和吸收剂量的增加均呈下降趋势;在断裂强度方面,添加TAIC的样品断裂强度上升趋势比较明显;对电性能的影响,TAIC的加入增加了EVA热缩材料的体积电阻,其随着吸收剂量的增加先上升后下低;FTIR分析表明TAIC在电子束辐照下反应完全。