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1.
PENGFEI ZHANG  SHAOPENG WANG 《Biocell》2021,45(6):1449-1451
The exosome-mediated response can promote or restrain the diseases by regulating the intracellular pathways, making the exosome become an effective marker for diagnosis and therapeutic control at the single-cell level. However, real-time analysis is hard to be achieved with traditional approaches because the exosomes usually need to be enriched by ultracentrifugation for a measurable signal-to-noise ratio. Recently developed label-free single-molecule imaging approaches may become an real-time quantitative tool for the analysis of single exosomes and related secretion behaviors of single living cells owing to their extreme sensitivity.  相似文献   
2.
Surface patterning is a recent promising approach to promote performance of pressure-driven membranes in water treatment and desalination. Nevertheless, knowledge about foulant deposition mechanisms, especially at early stage of filtration, is still lacking. The applicability of particle imaging velocimetry to study fluid characteristics atop surface patterned thin-film composite membranes was investigated at different operating conditions. This work is an important first step toward reliable understanding of the impacts of topographical membrane surface modification on hydrodynamic conditions and foulant deposition mechanisms.  相似文献   
3.
Recently, single image super-resolution (SISR) has been widely applied in the fields of underwater robot vision and obtained remarkable performance. However, most current methods generally suffered from the problem of a heavy burden on computational resources with large model sizes, which limited their real-world underwater robotic applications. In this paper, we introduce and tackle the super resolution (SR) problem for underwater robot vision and provide an efficient solution for near real-time applications. We present a novel lightweight multi-stage information distillation network, named MSIDN, for better balancing performance against applicability, which aggregates the local distilled features from different stages for more powerful feature representation. Moreover, a novel recursive residual feature distillation (RRFD) module is constructed to progressively extract useful features with a modest number of parameters in each stage. We also propose a channel interaction & distillation (CI&D) module that employs channel split operation on the preceding features to produce two-part features and utilizes the inter channel-wise interaction information between them to generate the distilled features, which can effectively extract the useful information of current stage without extra parameters. Besides, we present USR-2K dataset, a collection of over 1.6K samples for large-scale underwater image SR training, and a testset with an additional 400 samples for benchmark evaluation. Extensive experiments on several standard benchmark datasets show that the proposed MSIDN can provide state-of-the-art or even better performance in both quantitative and qualitative measurements.  相似文献   
4.
Negatively charged fluorescent carbon dots (CDs, Em=608 nm) were hydrothermally prepared from thiophene phenylpropionic acid polymers and then successfully loaded with the positively charged anticancer cargo coptisine, which suffers from poor bioavailability. The formed CD-coptisine complexes were thoroughly characterized by particle size, morphology, drug loading efficiency, drug release, cellular uptake and cellular toxicity in vitro and antitumor activities in vivo. In this nano-carrier system, red emissive CDs possess multiple advantages as follows: 1) high drug loading efficiency (>96 %); 2) sustained drug release; 3) enhanced drug efficacy towards cancer cells; 4) EPR effect; 5) drug release tracing with near-infrared imaging. These properties indicated that red emissive CDs prepared from polymers could be used as a novel drug delivery system with integrated therapeutic and imaging functions in cancer therapy, which are expected to have great potential in future clinical applications.  相似文献   
5.
海上油田大斜度井日益增多,而大斜度井固井质量评价对井控安全、完井射孔、后期老井开窗侧钻等关系重大。随钻声波测井工具不受井斜限制、操作简单,可获得高质量的声波数据资料。本项目将随钻声波测井技术与完井刮管作业相结合,在刮管作业的同时进行固井质量评价,并在渤海油田某区块成功运用,获得很好效果。  相似文献   
6.
An acoustic emission (AE) experiment was carried out to explore the AE location accuracy influenced by temperature. A hollow hemispherical specimen was used to simulate common underground structures. In the process of heating with the flame, the pulse signal of constant frequency was stimulated as an AE source. Then AE signals received by each sensor were collected and used for comparing localization accuracy at different temperatures. Results show that location errors of AE keep the same phenomenon in the early and middle heating stages. In the later stage of heating, location errors of AE increase sharply due to the appearance of cracks. This provides some beneficial suggestions on decreasing location errors of structural cracks caused by temperature and improves the ability of underground structure disaster prevention and control.  相似文献   
7.
The construction and examination of meso-structural finite element models of a Chemical-Vapor-Infiltrated (CVI) C/SiC composite is carried out based on X-ray microtomography digital images (IB-FEM). The accurate meso-structural features of the C/SiC composites, which are consisted of carbon fiber tows and CVI-SiC matrix, in particular the cavity defects, are reconstructed. With the IB-FEM, the damage evolution and fracture behaviors of the C/SiC composite are investigated. At the same time, an in situ tensile test is applied to the C/SiC composite under a CT real-time quantitative imaging system, aiming to investigate the damage and failure features of the material as well as to verify the IB-FEM. The IB-FEM results indicate that material damage initially occur at the defects, followed by propagating toward the fiber-tow/SiC-matrix interfaces, ultimately, combined into macro-cracks, which is in good agreement with the in situ CT experiment results.  相似文献   
8.
针对密集观测场景下敏捷成像卫星任务规划问题求解空间大、输入任务序列较长的特点,综合考虑时间窗口约束、任务转移时卫星姿态调整时间、存储约束和电量约束,对敏捷成像卫星任务规划问题进行建模. 提出融合IndRNN和Pointer Networks的算法模型(Ind-PN)对敏捷成像卫星任务规划问题进行求解,使用多层的IndRNN结构作为算法模型的解码器. 基于Pointer Networks机制对输入任务序列进行选择,使用Mask向量考虑敏捷成像卫星任务规划问题中的各类约束. 基于Actor Critic强化学习算法对算法模型进行训练,以获得最大的观测收益率. 实验结果表明,对于密集观测场景下的任务规划,Ind-PN算法的收敛速度更快,可以获得更高的观测收益率.  相似文献   
9.
Wet filament winding technology has been extensively used for the manufacture of rotationally symmetric parts made of fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP). As the design and modeling of FRP-parts require numerous assumptions, deviations between calculated and achieved mechanical properties are expected. One aspect that contributes to this discrepancy is the assumption of a homogeneous rectangular cross-section of the fiber-band. In this work, the fiber-band geometry in a wet-winding process of carbon fiber cylinders is analyzed. An Infrared-optical system for the detection of the fiber bandwidth and winding-angle is implemented. The influence of the winding speed and the resin temperature is analyzed. An image processing algorithm for the automatic measurement of the fiber's bandwidth and winding-angle is developed. Manual and adaptive gamma corrections are implemented to improve image quality. A parameter study for the suitable selection of image processing parameters is performed.  相似文献   
10.
The role of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown has been recognized as being important in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. We aimed to evaluate whether regional BBB integrity differed according to sex and whether differences in BBB integrity changed as a consequence of aging or cognitive decline, using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In total, 75 participants with normal cognition (NC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) underwent cognitive assessments and MRI examination including DCE-MRI. Regional Ktrans was calculated in cortical regions and the Patlak permeability model was used to calculate BBB permeability (Ktrans, min−1). Females had a lower median Ktrans in the cingulate and occipital cortices. In the “older old” group, sex differences in Ktrans were only observed in the occipital cortex. In the MCI group, sex differences in Ktrans were only observed in the occipital cortex. Age was the only predictor of cognitive assessment scores in the male MCI group; however, educational years and Ktrans in the occipital cortex could predict cognitive scores in the female MCI group. Our study revealed that females may have better BBB integrity in cingulate and occipital cortices. We also found that sex-related differences in BBB integrity are attenuated with aging or cognitive decline.  相似文献   
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