Modulated gravity effects on nonlinear convection in viscoelastic ferromagnetic fluids between two horizontal parallel plates

In this study, the analysis of nonlinear stability with viscoelastic ferromagnetic fluids as working media is performed by finite-amplitude perturbations. The solution of the resulting nonautonomous system of the Lorenz model (generalized Khayat–Lorenz model of four modes) is obtained numerically to measure the amount of heat transport. The effects of elastic parameters, Prandtl number, modulation parameters, buoyancy magnetic parameter, and nonbuoyancy magnetic parameter on heat transport are studied. Heat transport is quantified through the average Nusselt number, which is determined by solving the scaled Lorenz model. As limiting cases of the study, the results of Newtonian, Maxwell, Rivlin–Ericksen fluids are determined. The results obtained have been presented graphically.     

Analytical estimation of energy dissipations: Viscous,Joulian, and Darcy of viscoelastic fluid flow phenomena over a deformable surface

In this paper, analytical estimation of energy dissipations, such as viscous, Joulian, and Darcy dissipation of viscoelastic flow phenomena over a deformable surface has been presented. This supplement to the study of many transport processes, which occur in nature, and various experimental setups that are driven or modified by the composition of the various flow characteristics and material or phase constitution. These processes are very important and have received considerable attention in the literature. The estimation of dissipative energy in the process of transport energy is an important phenomenon to investigate. The present analysis is carried out on steady MHD viscoelastic liquid due to deformable domains. Moreover, the impact of internal heat sources and prescribed thermal conditions, such as surface temperature and heat flux, are carefully studied. Analytical solutions to governing equations are obtained with the help of Kummer's function. The solutions are presented graphically as well as in tables to estimate the energy losses and their effects on transport processes, which serve as the salient features of the current analysis. The outcomes serve as a guideline due to the process of transport properties as per the design requirements. Looking into the current scenario, dissipative heat energies have several applications in industries and technological processes, such as electric heaters, fuses, food processing, and several others.     

A revised viscoelastic micropolar nanofluid model with motile micro‐organisms and variable thermal conductivity

In the present study, a magnetized micropolar nanofluid and motile micro‐organism with variable thermal conductivity over a moving surface have been discussed. The mathematical modeling has been formulated using a second‐grade fluid model and a revised form of the micropolar fluid model. The governing fluid contains micro‐organisms and nanoparticles. The resulting nonlinear mathematical differential equations have been solved with the help of the homotopy analysis method. The graphical and physical features of buoyancy force, micro‐organisms, magnetic field, microrotation, and variable thermal conductivity have been discussed in detail. The numerical results for Nusselt number, motile density number, and Sherwood number are presented with the help of tables. According to the graphical effects, it is noted that the buoyancy ratio and the bioconvection parameter resist the fluid motion. An enhancement in the temperature profile is observed due to the increment in thermal conductivity. Peclet number tends to diminish the motile density profile; however, the viscoelastic parameter magnifies the motile density profile.     

换能器结构参数对聚合物超声塑化黏弹生热的影响

为研究超声换能器结构参数对聚合物超声塑化过程黏弹性生热的影响，首先确定超声黏弹性生热系统的组成，进行纵振超声换能器结构设计；然后分析超声黏弹性生热过程及超声黏弹性生热原理；最后采用单一变量法分析超声换能器的主要结构参数对其纵振频率及工具头前端质点最大振幅的影响，将其实际输出的纵振激励加载于熔融聚合物，研究其结构参数对聚合物超声黏弹性生热过程及达到聚合物玻璃化转变温度所用时间的影响。结果表明，随纵振激励作用时间的增加，聚合物温度非线性升高；放大比对聚合物温度变化影响最大，前盖板厚度和工具头长度次之，影响最小的是变幅杆长度。     

Rheological properties and gel characteristics of polysaccharides from fruit-bodies of Sparassis crispa

Rheological properties and gel characteristics of Sparassis crispa polysaccharides (SCPs) were investigated under various concentrations, temperature, pH, salt concentrations, and sucrose concentrations. SCP solutions behaved as shear thinning pseudoplastic fluids; apparent viscosity increased with concentrations but decreased with extreme conditions and was highest for 1% SCPs at 80 ℃ under neutral conditions; 5% SCPs solutions formed a hysteresis loop and exhibited thixotropic properties. By oscillatory measurements, SCPs were viscoelastic materials. 0.5% and 1% SCPs solutions exhibited viscous behavior at low frequency and enhanced elastic property with the oscillation frequency increased. With the concentration increased to 3% and 5%, the elastic property was predominant in solutions and exhibited gel-like behavior. SCPs gel textural properties and water holding capacity increased with concentration (to 20%) and decreased with salinity, extreme sucrose, and pH. 10% SCPs gels were optimized at 10% sucrose in neutral conditions. Thus, these results implied SCPs had the potential utilization as a new hydrocolloid source in food industries.     

Rheological and textural properties of lafun,a stiff dough,from improved cassava varieties

We studied the textural and rheological (viscoelastic) properties of fresh lafun dough, a fermented cassava product, and their changes during storage at 45 °C for 5 and 24 h, in order to determine after-cooking storability. Lafun flours were produced from three types of cassava varieties: seven improved white-fleshed varieties, seven improved provitamin A carotenoids (pVAC) varieties and two local white-fleshed varieties; and processed into lafun doughs. Pasting properties of the flours were assessed. Flours from local varieties had pasting profiles with highest viscosities, while pVAC flours had the lowest. The three types of cassava varieties varied significantly in most of their pasting properties. Four promising improved varieties were identified, based on high peak viscosity (55.8–61.5 P) and stiffer texture than local varieties during storage. Undesirable varieties were also found, which softened during storage instead of hardening. Optimum texture of lafun dough was obtained after 5 h of storage.     

AC-13级配钢渣沥青混合料粘弹塑本构模型研究

为了研究钢渣沥青混合料非线性粘弹塑性变形特性,提出Schapery模型与改进Swchartz模型组合的积分型粘弹塑本构模型。采用钢渣替换AC-13级配中粒径2.36 mm以上的石灰石粗骨料,制作得到钢渣沥青混合料试件。设计并开展一系列的单轴压缩蠕变实验,通过应力递增蠕变回复实验,获得不同应力条件下材料的弹性、粘弹性应变和粘塑性应变,进而拟合确定本构模型参数。利用0.4 MPa、1.0 MPa下的蠕变回复实验验证模型有效性。结果表明,模型不仅能准确刻画钢渣沥青混合料蠕变过程中的弹性、粘弹性与粘塑性变形,还可用于预测不同应力水平下钢渣沥青混合料蠕变变形规律。     

Viscoelastic behaviors and drying kinetics of different aqueous gelcasting systems for large Nd: YAG laser ceramics rods

Large and nondeforming Nd: YAG ceramic prepared by wet forming is of great importance as gain medium to obtain high-power solid-state lasers. However, it is difficult to achieve high-quality laser ceramics due to insufficiency of the in-depth understanding of transformation mechanism of gels viscoelasticity and effective control means during drying process. In this work, the rheological behaviors, viscoelastic characteristics, and mechanical strengths in classical acrylamide (AM) and novel Isobam (PIBM) gelcastings were systematically compared to explore the suitable route for the large-sized 2% Nd: YAG transparent ceramics with high aspect ratio (>10). AM system exhibited a higher complex viscosity (1.82 × 10⁵ Pa s), a shorter gel time (92.9 seconds), and a higher flexural strength (about 24.46 MPa) than PIBM system, and especially its ability to quickly gel was beneficial to the homogeneity of green body. In addition, the order of drying rates of wet gels in four drying media was observed as follows: 55℃ hot air> ethanol> solid desiccant> PEG-11000 and the moisture diffusion coefficients were calculated and simulated to offer the deep consideration of drying kinetics. The “ethanol + 55℃ hot air” was regarded as an effective composite drying method to eliminate defect and to achieve φ8 mm × 160 mm Nd: YAG ceramic with the in-line transmittance of 83% @1064 nm. Therefore, not only the cognition of gel process, but also the defects control strategy is proposed. More importantly, this work greatly promotes the application of wet forming and laser ceramics in high-power lasers.     

盾构隧道功能梯度混凝土管片的研发及性能研究

武汉长江隧道工程所面临的高压富水环境要求衬砌结构管片具有高抗渗、长寿命的性能。引入功能梯度材料设计原理,对钢筋混凝土管片进行功能梯度设计与优化,实现管片外层高防水抗渗、结构层提供强度及内衬层耐火的多重功能。同时采用适当的界面处理技术,保证管片各功能层的性能均匀过渡,实现功能和结构一体化设计。对结构层混凝土、保护层材料性能分别进行测试,测试结果表明,保护层材料具有优良的抗渗性能,相比普通混凝土氯离子扩散系数降低一个数量级,寿命提高10倍以上,优于目前国际上已报道的最好水平(6×10-13m2/s);结构层、保护层混凝土力学性能优良,强度满足设计要求,保护层材料强度达C70以上,主体结构层达到C50;保护层材料与结构层材料体积稳定性良好;耐酸性气体腐蚀性能大大增强,90d中性化深度不足1mm;同时,管片内衬层通过刷涂防火抗爆材料有效提升了管片的内层耐火性能,耐火极限是未经处理试件的4.72倍;最后通过实际的生产及检测,进一步证明了功能梯度混凝土管片具有较好的服役性能。