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Evaluation of kinetic distribution and behaviors of nanoparticles in vivo provides crucial clues into their roles in living organisms. Extracellular vesicles are evolutionary conserved nanoparticles, known to play important biological functions in intercellular, inter‐species, and inter‐kingdom communication. In this study, the first kinetic analysis of the biodistribution of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)—bacterial extracellular vesicles—with immune‐modulatory functions is performed. OMVs, injected intraperitoneally, spread to the whole mouse body and accumulate in the liver, lung, spleen, and kidney within 3 h of administration. As an early systemic inflammation response, increased levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6 are observed in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, the number of leukocytes and platelets in the blood is decreased. OMVs and cytokine concentrations, as well as body temperature are gradually decreased 6 h after OMV injection, in concomitance with the formation of eye exudates, and of an increase in ICAM‐1 levels in the lung. Following OMV elimination, most of the inflammatory signs are reverted, 12 h post‐injection. However, leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are increased as a late reaction. Taken together, these results suggest that OMVs are effective mediators of long distance communication in vivo.  相似文献   
3.
Jia  Yuan  Wang  Yangli  Song  Rui  Li  Jiandong 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2015,74(6):1777-1803
Multimedia Tools and Applications - In Wyner-Ziv (WZ) video coding, decoder side information (SI) takes a key role in a WZ video codec among other building blocks. In this paper, we review the...  相似文献   
4.
The focused ion beam technique was employed to investigate the atmospheric corrosion morphology of AZ91D. It was found that the α matrix of the alloy was preferentially corroded in the areas adjacent to intermetallic phases. The most interesting finding was that the corrosion products in corrosion cavities were pelletlike, which has never been reported before.  相似文献   
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1 Introduction Propylene as an important feedstock for organic chemicals is mainly originated from steam cracking and catalytic cracking processes. During the FCC process the propylene content varies with the FCC catalyst and process technology adopted, resulting in significant difference in propylene concentration in the cracked product——LPG. The conventional FCC pro- cess generally gives a propylene yield of around 4%, while the FCC process with maximization of propylene yield can in…  相似文献   
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在充分调研阵列声波测井分波提取方法的基础上,针对阿特拉斯公司的交叉多极子阵列声波测井(XMACⅡ)提供的单极波形信息,研究纵波时差提取及高分辨率处理方法。首先利用相关-互功谱法高精度地提取纵波时差,然后针对XMACⅡ仪器的接收阵列,研究组合子阵列的方法,形成共发射子阵列和共接收子阵列,最后利用子阵列对提取的纵波时差做高分辨率处理。处理现场实际测井资料,并将高分辨率处理成果与引进的eXpress软件处理成果、实测的国产高分辨率声波(纵波)测井曲线及岩心纵波时差对比分析,表明该方法提取的纵波时差曲线的纵向分辨率有很大提高,时差计算准确可靠,提取的单极纵波时差与国产高分辨率声波时差及岩心纵波时差的平均相对误差均小于7%。该方法具有较高的实用价值和广阔的应用前景。  相似文献   
8.
A new excimer laser annealing (ELA) process that uses a floating amorphous-Silicon (a-Si) thin film with a multichannel structure is proposed for high-performance poly-Si thin-film transistors (TFTs). The proposed ELA method produces two-dimensional (2-D) grain growth, which can result in a high-quality grain structure. The dual-gate structure was employed to eliminate the grain boundaries perpendicular to the current flow in the channel. A multichannel structure was adapted in order to arrange the grain boundary to be parallel to the current flow. The proposed poly-Si TFT exhibits high-performance electrical characteristics, which are a high mobility of 504 cm/sup 2//Vsec and a low subthreshold slope of 0.337 V/dec.  相似文献   
9.
This paper describes the methodology for simulating a reprographic ink with a ceramic ink based on a commercially available zirconia powder for direct ceramic ink-jet printing. Of over-riding importance was matching viscosity and this was tested systematically by using a mineral oil–hexane binary system. Of secondary importance was adjustment of the pressure defect behind the nozzle to compensate for small differences in surface tension. The inks tested in the wide array print-head were based on low electrical conductivity liquids to avoid damage to the electroding system. The organic binder for the zirconia ink was paraffin wax and the dispersant was a hydroxystearic acid based polyester.  相似文献   
10.
农村通信如何"突围"   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
宋军  刘云 《世界电信》2003,16(10):3-5
农村通信作为农村地区信息化的基础,对于全面建设小康具有特殊的重要地位。介绍了我国农村通信的发展现状,分析了农村通信发展的困难压其原因,最后对农村压边远、欠发达地区通信的均衡震展提出了一些建议。  相似文献   
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