某铁矿强磁尾矿反浮选回收试验研究

针对我国西部某铁矿强磁选尾矿进行了反浮选回收铁资源的试验研究, 探讨了pH值、抑制剂可溶性淀粉用量、阳离子捕收剂十二胺用量对浮选指标的影响。结果表明, 在矿浆pH=10、可溶性淀粉用量2 400 g/t、十二胺用量400 g/t条件下进行一粗一精(精选药剂用量减半)闭路反浮选, 可获得铁品位43.88%、回收率50.93%的铁精矿产品。     

配加蒙古精矿对球团矿性能的影响

对蒙古精矿在包钢624 m2带式球团的合理利用进行了全面研究。研究表明，随着蒙古精矿配比增加，球团矿品位提高，还原膨胀率增加，当配比小于20%时，还原膨胀率小于20.0%，主要是由于还原后球团矿矿物组成中析出大量金属铁，在浮氏体(FexO)转变为铁的阶段，铁晶粒自浮士体表面向外长出晶须，晶须的生长让晶粒产生位移或晶粒开裂，导致球团结构疏松发生膨胀。通过添加适量矽石，可显著降低球团还原膨胀率，当配加30%～50%的蒙古精矿时，可通过添加1.0%～2.0%的矽石，将球团还原膨胀率降低至20%以内，球团矿质量满足高炉冶炼生产要求。     

Decomposition process of bastnaesite concentrate in NaOH-CaO-H_2O system

A novel process of calcification-leaching for bastnaesite concentrate(REFCO_3) was proposed. The prior calcification was carried out in the system of NaOH-CaO-H_2O and the lgC-pH pattern for Ce-F-Ca-C-H_2O system was drawn. The thermodynamics result indicates that decomposition for bastnaesite requires certain alkaline condition, but excessive alkalinity also causes decomposition of CaF_2. XRD and SEM-EDS analyses on the calcification-leaching process reveal that bastnaesite first decomposes into RE(OH)_3 and CaF_2. Then, by HCl leaching rare earths were extracted,while CaF_2 was left in the leaching residue. In addition, effects of temperature, time, NaOH and CaO on the calcification were investigated. The results show that the leaching rate of rare earths(REs)reaches 72.5 wt%, at the same time 99.2 wt% of F is left in leaching residue with 20 wt% NaOH and 38 wt% CaO at 493 K for 180 min.     

氧化壳聚糖改性抗菌蚕丝织物的制备及其性能

为获得持久抗菌的功能丝绸材料,采用硝酸、磷酸、亚硝酸钠体系将原料壳聚糖的C6位伯羟基选择性氧化为羧基制得水溶性氧化壳聚糖(OCS),使OCS的羧基与脱胶蚕丝织物(SFF)的氨基反应,得到氧化壳聚糖改性蚕丝织物(OCSMSF)。借助核磁共振仪、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪等手段表征了OCS与OCSMSF的化学结构,测试了OCSMSF的力学、吸湿、抗菌等性能。结果表明:酰胺反应已将氧化壳聚糖分子化学键合在SFF中,OCS改性蚕丝纤维的结晶度降低;在优化反应参数条件下,OCS接枝蚕丝织物的质量增加率达到9.17%,OCSMSF的强力略有减小,而吸湿性提高42.92%,OCSMSF对测试细菌的抑菌率大于94%,且抗菌耐洗涤性好,同时OCSMSF对仙人掌黄酮提取物有良好的缓释效果。     

铋精矿加压氧化氨浸高效分离铜、硫和铋

针对湖南柿竹园铋精矿火法冶炼过程中存在的成本高、低浓度SO₂和散烟排放污染环境、有价金属综合回收率低等问题, 以柿竹园铋精矿为原料, 提出了加压氧化氨浸分离铋与铜、硫的新工艺, 研究了氨水加入量、浸出温度、浸出时间、浸出压力及浸出液固比等因素对铜、硫、铋浸出率的影响。在氨水用量1.8 mL/g_铋精矿、液固比4∶1、釜压2.8 MPa、浸出温度160 ℃、浸出时间5 h、搅拌速度600 r/min的优化工艺条件下, 铜、硫浸出率分别达93.57%和92.87%, 铋不浸出并以氧化铋形态全部入渣, 实现了铜、硫与铋的高效分离。     

广东某复杂铜铅锌矿浮选试验研究

广东某复杂铜铅锌矿石中的矿物嵌布粒度较细且相互包裹，导致现场铜、铅、锌浮选分离困难，为解决此问题进行了选矿试验研究。结果表明：在选铜时，选用FK 1与DS组合抑制铅锌，可有效解决精矿的互含问题；在高碱工艺下，采用先铜后锌的优先浮选工艺，铜铅粗泡再磨后经2次精选，能获得铜品位为2110%、回收率为8088%的铜精矿，铅锌总含量为1023%，达到铜精矿四级品要求；采用1粗2精2扫流程处理选铜尾矿，获得了锌品位为5217%、回收率为9278%的锌精矿。试验所用药剂全部为常规药剂，试验流程结构简单，现场实施比较容易，可作为现场改造的依据。     

Chemical,textural, rheological,and sensorial properties of wheyless feta cheese as influenced by replacement of milk protein concentrate with pea protein isolate

Replacement of milk protein with protein isolates from vegetable resources can significantly influence the characteristics of feta whey less cheese and also decrease the cost of final production. In this study, various blends of milk protein concentrate (MPC) and pea protein isolate (PPI) were mixed at levels of 12% MPC and 0% PPI (MP0), 10% MPC and 2% PPI (MP2), 9% MPC and 3% PPI (MP3), 8% MPC and 4% PPI (MP4), 7% MPC and 5% PPI (MP5), 6% MPC and 6% PPI (MP6) and used in the manufacture of wheyless feta cheese. The chemical, textural, rheological, and sensorial properties, as well as the microstructure of the cheese samples, were evaluated after 1, 15, and 30 days of storage. The general linear model procedure of SAS statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Duncan's multiple range tests was used to compare the means of different treatments. The results showed that all properties of the cheeses were influenced by different levels of PPI due to different total solids content. The use of high concentrations of PPI resulted in a more open protein network, softer structure and decreasing the storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli in the cheeses. Sensory evaluation of the samples revealed that total score in terms of flavor, texture and overall acceptability was gradually decreased with increasing PPI levels, but still preferable for the panelists. Furthermore, for each sample, with increasing levels of PPI, the whiteness and the greenness were decreased, but the yellowness was increased.     

氧化单宁酸提高含猪血浆蛋白水解物的乳状液物理稳定性

在以猪血浆蛋白水解物(porcine plasma protein hydrolysates,PPPH)作为乳化剂所制备的水包油(oil-in-water,O/W)型乳状液中添加氧化单宁酸(oxidised tannic acid,OTA),研究OTA添加量对乳状液贮藏期间物理稳定性的改善,测定乳状液在贮藏期间的粒径、Zeta电位、絮凝指数、凝结指数和乳状液中蛋白质分配系数的变化趋势,并且利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察乳状液的微观结构。结果表明,在乳状液1~10 d的贮藏期间,与对照组相比,随着OTA添加量的增加,D[3,2]、D[4,3]、絮凝指数以及凝结指数显著降低(P0.05),且在OTA添加量1%时达到最低(P0.05);相反,Zeta电位随着OTA添加量的增加显著提高(P0.05),且在OTA添加量1%时达到最高(P0.05)。同时,OTA的添加在一定程度上促进了PPPH的交联,能够显著增加其在乳状液界面蛋白膜表面的分布(P0.05);另外,乳状液的微观结构进一步验证OTA添加量1%的处理组能够在油滴表面形成最紧密和厚重的界面蛋白膜。研究结果表明,在PPPH制备的O/W型乳状液中添加OTA,能够显著提高其在整个储藏期间的物理稳定性,为OTA在乳状液食品中的应用提供了实验参考。     

NFC复合梨汁的配方筛选及贮藏品质变化研究

以黄冠梨为主要原料,辅以丑橘、旱黄瓜制备了一种低糖功能型非浓缩还原(Not From Concentrate,NFC)复合果蔬汁,并研究了其贮藏过程中品质变化规律。结果表明:NFC复合果蔬汁28天贮藏过程中,可溶性固形物和可滴定酸略有变化,但不显著;浊度和离心沉淀率与对照相比显著增加(P<0.05);总酚含量呈现显著下降趋势(P<0.05)。另外,贮藏过程中NFC复合果汁色差ΔE<2,说明色泽变化不显著。气味指纹分析仪(电子鼻)对贮藏期果汁进行风味识别,能较好地区分风味变化。粒径分析表明9天内粒径变化不显著,但是28天与0天相比,平均粒径(D50)增加近一倍。综上,NFC复合果蔬汁短期贮藏能较好地保持营养成分和色泽,随着贮藏期的延长,粒径增大,风味显著变化,稳定性变差。