全文获取类型
收费全文 | 41241篇 |
免费 | 3396篇 |
国内免费 | 2074篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 1992篇 |
技术理论 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 2538篇 |
化学工业 | 16095篇 |
金属工艺 | 2342篇 |
机械仪表 | 1380篇 |
建筑科学 | 1516篇 |
矿业工程 | 749篇 |
能源动力 | 2371篇 |
轻工业 | 2746篇 |
水利工程 | 382篇 |
石油天然气 | 1262篇 |
武器工业 | 108篇 |
无线电 | 2586篇 |
一般工业技术 | 6154篇 |
冶金工业 | 1308篇 |
原子能技术 | 1607篇 |
自动化技术 | 1573篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 59篇 |
2023年 | 540篇 |
2022年 | 863篇 |
2021年 | 1091篇 |
2020年 | 1233篇 |
2019年 | 1131篇 |
2018年 | 965篇 |
2017年 | 1234篇 |
2016年 | 1174篇 |
2015年 | 1236篇 |
2014年 | 1938篇 |
2013年 | 2314篇 |
2012年 | 3009篇 |
2011年 | 3058篇 |
2010年 | 2264篇 |
2009年 | 2411篇 |
2008年 | 2128篇 |
2007年 | 2772篇 |
2006年 | 2624篇 |
2005年 | 2214篇 |
2004年 | 1982篇 |
2003年 | 1771篇 |
2002年 | 1506篇 |
2001年 | 1264篇 |
2000年 | 1047篇 |
1999年 | 864篇 |
1998年 | 700篇 |
1997年 | 515篇 |
1996年 | 501篇 |
1995年 | 437篇 |
1994年 | 386篇 |
1993年 | 291篇 |
1992年 | 276篇 |
1991年 | 187篇 |
1990年 | 137篇 |
1989年 | 108篇 |
1988年 | 100篇 |
1987年 | 78篇 |
1986年 | 81篇 |
1985年 | 66篇 |
1984年 | 52篇 |
1983年 | 32篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1959年 | 5篇 |
1951年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Leucokinins (LKs) constitute a family of neuropeptides identified in numerous insects and many other invertebrates. LKs act on G-protein-coupled receptors that display only distant relations to other known receptors. In adult Drosophila, 26 neurons/neurosecretory cells of three main types express LK. The four brain interneurons are of two types, and these are implicated in several important functions in the fly’s behavior and physiology, including feeding, sleep–metabolism interactions, state-dependent memory formation, as well as modulation of gustatory sensitivity and nociception. The 22 neurosecretory cells (abdominal LK neurons, ABLKs) of the abdominal neuromeres co-express LK and a diuretic hormone (DH44), and together, these regulate water and ion homeostasis and associated stress as well as food intake. In Drosophila larvae, LK neurons modulate locomotion, escape responses and aspects of ecdysis behavior. A set of lateral neurosecretory cells, ALKs (anterior LK neurons), in the brain express LK in larvae, but inconsistently so in adults. These ALKs co-express three other neuropeptides and regulate water and ion homeostasis, feeding, and drinking, but the specific role of LK is not yet known. This review summarizes Drosophila data on embryonic lineages of LK neurons, functional roles of individual LK neuron types, interactions with other peptidergic systems, and orchestrating functions of LK. 相似文献
2.
3.
Optimization of room-temperature TCR of polycrystalline La0.9-xSrxK0.1MnO3 ceramics by Sr adjustment
Hongjiang Li Kaili Chu Xingrui Pu Xiaohan Yu Xiaoli Guan Shuaizhao Jin Xiang Liu 《Ceramics International》2021,47(1):94-101
High-density La0.9-xSrxK0.1MnO3 ceramics (LSKMO, A-site = La, Sr and K, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) are successfully fabricated by using facile sol-gel method. Electrical properties are performed by using combination of phenomenological percolation (PP) model, double exchange (DE) mechanism, and Jahn-Teller (JT) effect. Moreover, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy are employed to analyze the structure and morphology of LSKMO ceramics. Valence states and ionic stoichiometry are assessed by using X-ray photoemission spectrometry. Results reveal that Sr2+ ions, substituting La3+ ions, significantly influenced DE mechanism and JT effect. In addition, Sr-doping plays essential role in improving electrical properties of LSKMO ceramics. At optimal doping content of x = 0.09, peak temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the resistivity is found to be 11.56% K?1 at 297.15 K, which is optimal TCR for A-site K-occupied perovskite manganese oxides. These results confirm that polycrystalline LSKMO ceramics render high room-temperature TCR values due to Sr-doping. 相似文献
4.
Hongli Liu Peng Wang Bo Zhang Hongyan Li Jing Li Yajing Li Zhong Chen 《Ceramics International》2021,47(5):6487-6495
A novel carbon/m-HNTs composite aerogel was synthesized by introducing the modified halloysite nanotubes (m-HNTs) into phenolic (PR) aerogels through chemical grafting, followed with carbonization treatment. In order to explore the best proportion of HNTs to phenolic, the micromorphology of PR/m-HNTs were investigated by SEM before carbonization, confirming 10 wt% of m-HNTs is most beneficial to the porous network of aerogels. The interaction between PR and HNTs was studied by FTIR spectra, and microstructure evolution of the target product-carbon/m-HNTs composite aerogel were illustrated by SEM and TEM techniques. SEM patterns indicated that the carbon/m-HNTs aerogels maintain a stable porous structure at 1000 °C (carbonization temperature), while a ~20 nm carbon layer was formed around m-HNTs generating an integral unit through TEM analysis. Specific surface area and pore size distribution of composite aerogels were analyzed based on mercury intrusion porosimetry and N2 adsorption–desorption method, the obtained results stayed around 500 m2g?1 and 1.00 cm3g?1 (pore volume) without significant discrepancy, compared with pure aerogel, showing the uniformity of pore size. The weight loss rate (26.76%) decreased greatly compared with pure aerogel, at the same time, the best volumetric shrinkage rate was only 30.83%, contributed by the existence of HNTs supporting the neighbor structure to avoid over-shrinking. The highest compressive strength reached to 4.43 MPa, while the data of pure aerogel was only 1.52 MPa, demonstrating the excellent mechanical property of carbon/m-HNTs aerogels. 相似文献
5.
Vanessa Modelski Schatkoski Thaís Larissa do Amaral Montanheiro Beatriz Rossi Canuto de Menezes Raissa Monteiro Pereira Karla Faquine Rodrigues Renata Guimarães Ribas Diego Morais da Silva Gilmar Patrocínio Thim 《Ceramics International》2021,47(3):2999-3012
Studies related to biomaterials that stimulate the repair of living tissue have increased considerably, improving the quality of many people's lives that require surgery due to traumatic accidents, bone diseases, bone defects, and reconstructions. Among these biomaterials, bioceramics and bioactive glasses (BGs) have proved to be suitable for coating materials, cement, scaffolds, and nanoparticles, once they present good biocompatibility and degradability, able to generate osteoconduction on the surrounding tissue. However, the role of biomaterials in hard tissue engineering is not restricted to a structural replacement or for guiding tissue regeneration. Nowadays, it is expected that biomaterials develop a multifunctional role when implanted, orchestrating the process of tissue regeneration and providing to the body the capacity to heal itself. In this way, the incorporation of specific metal ions in bioceramics and BGs structure, including magnesium, silver, strontium, lithium, copper, iron, zinc, cobalt, and manganese are currently receiving enhanced interest as biomaterials for biomedical applications. When an ion is incorporated into the bioceramic structure, a new category of material is created, which has several unique properties that overcome the disadvantages of primitive material and favors its use in different biomedical applications. The doping can enhance handling properties, angiogenic and osteogenic performance, and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the effect of selected metal ion dopants into bioceramics and silicate-based BGs in bone tissue engineering. Furthermore, new applications for doped bioceramics and BGs are highlighted, including cancer treatment and drug delivery. 相似文献
6.
Zhencai Li Dacheng Zhou Lars R. Jensen Jianbei Qiu Yanfei Zhang Yuanzheng Yue 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2021,104(9):4471-4478
The transparent Er3+-Yb3+-doped fluoro-aluminosilicate glass-ceramic (GC) was prepared by melt-quenching. The crystal phase, morphology, and up-conversion (UC) luminescence of as-produced GC were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectrophotometry, respectively. The results show that BaYF5 nanocrystals were uniformly distributed in the glass matrix of the as-produced GC. When the as-produced GC was subjected to heat treatment, the crystallinity was increased, but the crystal identity remains unchanged. Such heat-treatment doubled the intensity of the UC luminescence, and this enhancement was ascribed to the increased incorporation of both Er3+ and Yb3+ ions into the lower phonon energy environment of BaYF5 nanocrystals. Furthermore, the heat-treated GC was stable against further crystallization, and consequently its UC luminescence was stable at the application temperature. The heat-treated GC was found to possess an outstanding temperature-sensing capability. 相似文献
7.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(26):13101-13111
Voltage reversal induced by hydrogen starvation can severely corrode the anode catalyst support and deteriorate the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. A material-based strategy is the inclusion of an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst (e.g., IrO2) in the anode to promote water electrolysis over harmful carbon corrosion. In this work, an Ir-Pt/C composite catalyst with high metal loading is prepared. The membrane-electrode-assembly (MEA) with 80 wt% Ir-Pt(1:2)/C shows a first reversal time (FRT) of up to 20 hours, which is about ten times that of MEA with 50 wt% Ir-Pt(1:2)/C does. Furthermore, the MEA with 80 wt% Ir-Pt(1:2)/C exhibits a minimum cell voltage loss of 6 mV@1 A/cm2 when the FRT is terminated in 2 hours, in which the MEA with 50 wt% Ir-Pt(1:2)/C exhibits a voltage loss of 105 mV@1 A/cm2. Further physicochemical and electrochemical characterizations demonstrate that the destruction of anode catalyst layer caused by the voltage reversal process is alleviated by the use of the composite catalyst with high metal loading. Hence, our results reveal that the combination of OER catalyst on the Pt/C with high metal loading is a promising approach to alleviate the degradation of anode catalyst layer during the voltage reversal process for PEMFCs. 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(14):8943-8955
In this research, a technical, economic and environmental analysis has been proposed to a Hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) system-based hybrid system including biomass, gas turbine, and Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer. A multi-objective optimization technique has been utilized to improve the overall product cost and the exergy effectiveness based on a developed version of Aquila Optimizer (DAO). The main idea of using the developed version is to improve the accuracy and the precision of the original Aquila optimizer. The system is then authenticated in terms of energy/exergy effectiveness, and energy-economic efficiency. The achievements indicate that employing the optimization algorithm for different configurations provided satisfying results for the system. 相似文献
9.
目的 从设计事理学视角,探讨儿童情感陪伴玩具的设计方法。方法 通过社会调研结合理论分析,提炼7~12岁城市留守儿童情感陪伴玩具中“事”的各外部因素与内部因素,建立合理的儿童情感陪伴玩具设计模型及评价体系。运用案例分析法,结合儿童情感陪伴玩具设计案例与实践,验证设计事理学在实际儿童情感陪伴玩具设计中的应用价值。结论 探索儿童情感陪伴玩具的设计路径,以Combot——具有情感陪伴与寓教于乐功能的儿童情感陪伴玩具为实践案例,证明了基于设计事理学的儿童情感陪伴玩具设计方法是有效可行的,可有效指导儿童玩具设计,满足父母与孩子的情感需求,促进儿童健康成长。 相似文献
10.
在传统密码学应用中,人们总假定终端是安全的,并且敌手只存在于通信信道上。然而,主流的恶意软件和系统漏洞给终端安全带来了严重和直接的威胁和挑战,例如容易遭受存储内容被病毒破坏、随机数发生器被腐化等各种攻击。更糟糕的是,协议会话通常有较长的生存期,因此需要在较长的时间内存储与会话相关的秘密信息。在这种情况下,有必要设计高强度的安全协议,以对抗可以暴露存储内容和中间计算结果(包括随机数)的敌手。棘轮密钥交换是解决这一问题的一个基本工具。文中综述了密码本原——棘轮密钥交换,包括单向、半双向和双向等棘轮密钥交换的定义、模型及构造,并展望了棘轮密钥交换的未来发展趋势。 相似文献