The kinetics of copper corrosion in nitric acid

The strategy for the permanent disposal of high-level nuclear waste in Canada involves sealing it in a copper-coated steel container and burying it in a deep geologic repository. During the early emplacement period, the container could be exposed to warm humid air, which could result in the condensation of nitric acid, produced by the radiolysis of the humid air, on the copper surface. Previous studies have suggested that both nitrate and oxygen reduction will drive copper corrosion, with the nitrate reduction kinetics being dependent on the concentration of soluble copper(I) produced by the anodic dissolution of copper in the reaction with oxygen. This study focused on determining the kinetics of nitrate and oxygen reduction and elucidating the synergistic relationship between the two processes. This was investigated using corrosion potential and polarization measurements in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Oxygen reduction was shown to be the dominant cathodic reaction with the oxidation of copper(I) to copper(II) by nitrate, promoting the catalytic cycle involving the reaction of copper(II) with copper to reproduce copper(I).     

高应力软岩巷道锚注一体化联合支护技术应用

介绍了国家专利注锚剂、中空注浆锚索等产品,以国家能源麦朵山煤矿11采区2煤辅助运输巷为研究对象,采用数值模拟、理论分析、现场测试及井下试验相结合的综合研究方法,对11采区2煤辅助运输巷采用锚注一体联合支护技术,来实现对岩体裂隙注浆,使浆料与岩体结为一体,在围岩与支护体共同作用过程中,实现强岩增荷的作用,维护巷道的稳定性,实现工作面的安全生产。     

瓦斯隧道安全施工技术及管理探讨

在煤系地层或含气地层段施工隧道，有毒有害气体涌向开挖空间，易引起瓦斯爆炸事件。为防止瓦斯爆炸及确保施工安全，通过阐述引起爆炸的条件及危害性，以期引起施工单位高度重视；同时，重点介绍了通风、瓦斯检测、火源及人员管理等方法，确保技术及管理双重措施到位，为瓦斯隧道施工创造良好的安全环境。     

Combination of levulinic acid and sodium dodecyl sulfate on inactivation of foodborne microorganisms: A review

Abstract

The combination of levulinic acid and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in recent years has shown considerable promise as an antimicrobial intervention. Both ingredients have been designated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) for being used as a flavoring agent and multipurpose food additive, respectively. The use of levulinic acid and SDS alone has limited antimicrobial efficacy on tested microorganisms, and synergism between levulinic acid and SDS has been observed. The postulated mechanism of action of the synergistic effect is presented. The antimicrobial efficacy of levulinic acid plus SDS remains high even when organic materials are present. The other features, including penetration, foamability, and being readily soluble, extend its potential applications to disinfection of difficult-to-access areas and control of foodborne pathogens both in a planktonic state and in a biofilm. These features indicate that the levulinic acid plus SDS combination may have the potential to be applied within the food processing environment on a large scale.     

浅析煤矿综采放顶煤安全开采问题

以煤矿放顶煤安全开采问题为对象开展分析探究。结合具体工程实际,在分析综放工艺技术特征的基础上,对综采放顶煤安全开采需注意的问题与防范措施开展深入分析,希望能够为其他矿井综放开采的有效开展提供借鉴和帮助。     

Safe preparation of beefy meaty peptide with Bacillus subtilis

Preparation of flavour peptides with microorganisms is an attractive choice for its large-scale production. However, beefy meaty peptide (BMP), as a research hotspot in the field of umami peptide, has been studied in few microorganisms, and furthermore, the safe preparation of BMP has not yet been reported. In this study, multi-copy BMP (8BMP) was successfully expressed and produced in the ‘generally recognized as safe’ Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). Firstly, 8BMP with the potentially intense umami was screened out based on molecular docking analysis. Then, it was successfully expressed in the B. subtilis 168 and verified through sensory evaluation. Finally, the scaling capacity of 8BMP was evaluated in a 5-L fermenter, with the highest yield (0.84 g L⁻¹) 6.4 times than that of shake flask, which is conductive for industrial production of BMP and other food peptides.     

某铜冶炼厂废水泄漏地下水环境影响分析及应急处置效果预测

针对某铜冶炼厂废水泄漏对地下水的污染问题,运用基于GMS的数值模拟方法,分析了地下水环境影响,提出了相应的应急处置措施,并对应急处置的效果进行了预测。结果表明:在废水泄漏30天后停止泄漏的情况下,由于泄漏量较大且含水层渗透性较强,污染晕扩散距离及范围不断变大,可能影响到下游的居民生活水井;在采取应急抽水措施后,受污染地下水被抽水井控制在厂界附近,在140天之内被全部抽出,并送厂区污水处理站处理后回用,不会对下游地下水保护目标产生不利影响。     

充填体下阶段水平矿柱回采顶板安全厚度及进路充填采矿法

为了安全回采松散矿碴及低强度充填体压覆下的阶段水平矿柱,采用古典杨森散体压力理论及矩形等厚薄板力学模型分析了留设顶板受载情况及安全厚度,并通过工程实例进行了验证。结果表明,当上中段破碎底部结构不予回采,下中段顶柱留设安全厚度时,可通过进路式充填采矿法实现水平矿柱的安全开采;其中,下中段顶柱高5 m,采高3.5 m,顶板安全厚度1.5 m,矿石回收率68%,贫化率3%,取得了较好的安全与经济效益平衡。     

煤矿提升机制动系统电控装置设计

为了确保矿井安全提升，设计了煤矿提升机制动系统电控装置。基于液压制动特性，研究了电控装置硬件和软件系统，硬件方面主要分析了传感器装置、人机交互界面、恒减速制动控制卡、PLC和电源的选型和设计；软件方面主要研究了系统状态显示和故障处理功能流程、安全制动功能流程及人机界面的主界面设计。研究为确保煤矿提升机制动系统安全可靠运行提供了技术支持。