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为提高中子诱发铀裂变时低产额裂变产物156Eu和161Tb产额测量的精度,需获得放化纯的156Eu和161Tb样品。本工作建立了氢氧化物共沉淀法除铝、氟化钙共沉淀法除铀、TRPO萃取法提取稀土元素、阳离子交换色谱法从混合稀土元素中分离Eu和Tb的流程,可用于大量铀、铝和裂变产物中微量Eu和Tb的分离。在待分离样品中含2 g铀、0.65 g铝和裂变产物的条件下,该流程对Eu、Tb的化学回收率均大于80%,对U、239Np、95Zr、103Ru、131I、132Te、140Ba、140La、141Ce、147Nd等主要干扰物质的去污因子达到106。该方法可满足中子诱发铀裂变时156Eu和161Tb产额精确测量的要求。 相似文献
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湖南某铀矿为我国一重要铀资源生产基地,长年的矿冶活动使该铀矿冶地域生态环境不可避免地遭到了一定程度破坏。本文以该铀矿冶地域介形类为研究对象,分析其分布与生态特征,并利用该生物评价本矿冶地域地表水放射性污染状况。结果表明,Cypridopsis vidua在溪流与河流中均有分布,Helerocypris incongruens仅发现于河流,两者丰度均不高。利用该两种介形类丰度及总丰度变化可指示水体铀浓度的变化,丰度越小,铀含量越大,反之亦然。Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数与水体铀浓度呈明显负相关,表明也可利用介形类生物指数指示水体铀浓度。该生物指数明显偏低,说明该铀矿冶地域地表水环境质量需要改善,放射性污染应引起足够重视。 相似文献
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Atsushi Sakon Kunihiro Nakajima Sin-ya Hohara 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2019,56(2):254-259
Even a zero-power reactor core containing highly enriched uranium has a weak neutron source inherent in uranium 235, and consequently, a neutron counter placed closely to the core without external neutron source registers a certain counting rate. The study of the counting is very important for zero-power reactor physics experiments with a high precision. In this experimental study, first, at a shutdown state of the UTR-Kinki reactor without start-up neutron source, a pulse height distribution of output signals from a neutron proportional counter was measured to confirm that these signals resulted from neutron detections. At several subcritical states of the UTR, then, the Feynman-α analysis was carried out to confirm that the neutrons detected by the counter must be fission neutrons multiplied by fission chain reactions. The correlation amplitude measured in the Feynman-α analysis was much higher than that measured in a previous drive by start-up source. Further, it was also confirmed that the subcriticality dependence of neutron counting rate followed the source multiplication formula. This feature indicated that the one-point model was very successful in the subcritical range including the shutdown state. 相似文献
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本文采用金属Zr片作为质控样品监控L边密度计的长期稳定性,在此基础上采用L边密度计测量系列水相U标准溶液和水相Pu标准溶液,绘制水相U工作曲线和水相Pu工作曲线,建立了L边密度计测量U、Pu的分析方法,并采用该工作曲线测量了系列U和Pu标准溶液。结果显示,该方法既可测量水相U、Pu,也可测量有机相U、Pu,对于10 g/L以上的U溶液,测量结果的相对偏差小于5%;对于5 g/L以上的Pu溶液,测量结果的相对偏差小于1.7%。以上结果表明,本文所建立的L边密度计测量U、Pu的方法准确度良好,可用于实际U、Pu的测量。 相似文献
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In pyroprocessing,uranium(U) is recovered from molten LiCl-KCl salt,and,for safeguard purposes,it is important to analyze the U and Plutonium(Pu) concentrations in a timely manner.In the present work,salt samples containing U were fabricated.The laser used in the present work was an Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 532 nm,a laser energy on the sample of11.5 mJ,and a pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz.The plasma emission light was measured with an Echelle spectrometer.A total of 100 points on the sample surface were measured as the laser incident position was changed.The U and potassium(K) peaks in the spectrum were identified.Univariate and multivariate analyzes were conducted to determine the accuracy and limit of detection(LOD) of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. 相似文献
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Eline Saenen Nele Horemans Nathalie Vanhoudt Hildegarde Vandenhove Geert Biermans May Van Hees Jean Wannijn Jaco Vangronsveld Ann Cuypers 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(6):12405-12423
To evaluate the environmental impact of uranium (U) contamination, it is important to investigate the effects of U at ecologically relevant conditions. Since U speciation, and hence its toxicity, strongly depends on environmental pH, the present study aimed to investigate dose-dependent effects of U at pH 7.5. Arabidopsis thaliana plants (Mouse-ear Cress) were exposed for three days to different U concentrations at pH 7.5. In the roots, the increased capacities of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase indicate an important role for the ascorbate-glutathione cycle during U-induced stress. However, a significant decrease in the ascorbate redox state was observed after exposure to 75 and 100 µM U, indicating that those roots are severely stressed. In accordance with the roots, the ascorbate-glutathione cycle plays an important role in the antioxidative defence systems in A. thaliana leaves exposed to U at pH 7.5 as the ascorbate and glutathione biosynthesis were upregulated. In addition, small inductions of enzymes of the antioxidative defence system were observed at lower U concentrations to counteract the U-induced stress. However, at higher U concentrations it seems that the antioxidative defence system of the leaves collapses as reductions in enzyme activities and gene expression levels were observed. 相似文献