快速直流断路器中操动机构的仿真研究

直流输电电压等级的提高使之研制出相应的直流开断装置意义重大;而断路器操动机构的可靠性直接影响着其开断性能。笔者针对直流开断装置中断路器的操动机构展开研究,建立了一种基于电磁驱动、永磁弹簧保持的电磁斥力机构仿真模型,对其电磁-结构耦合过程和电磁-机械运动耦合过程进行了分析。仿真结果表明:当分闸电容的充电电压为4000 V时,电磁斥力机构的电磁斥力峰值约为128 kN,金属盘的平均速度能达到3.7 m/s。金属盘的应力峰值出现在靠近驱动轴一侧(内侧),并从内侧至外侧逐渐减小。进一步设计并研制了实验样机,并通过实验对仿真结果进行了验证,两者具有较好的一致性。     

SF6替代气体灭弧性能的研究进展综述

综述了德国ABB和亚琛工业大学,日本东芝、名古屋大学、东京电机大学,韩国晓星以及西安交通大学等国内外研究机构在SF6替代气体灭孤性能方面的研究现状,可以看出,近年来国内外在这一领域的研究逐步深入,不断地为新型高压电器的研发提供理论依据和技术支持.     

真空电弧磁流体动力学模型与仿真研究

以离子与电子的双流体模型以及麦克斯韦方程为基础，推导得到了真空电弧的二维磁流体动力学(MHD)模型。MHD模型中包括质量方程、动量方程、能量方程、麦克斯韦方程和全欧姆定律，通过对这些方程的数值计算，得到了真空电弧等离子体参数与电流密度的分布，文中计算分析了电弧电流、电极间距以及不同分布的纵向磁场对真空电弧等离子体参数与电流密度的影响。     

Numerical Simulation of Low Current Vacuum Arc Supersonic Flow

Based on a two-dimensional axisymmetric magneto-hydrodynamic （MHD） model, low current vacuum arc （LCVA） characteristics are studied. The influence of cathode process under different axial magnetic fields and different anode radii on LCVA characteristics is also simulated. The results show that the influence of both cathode process and anode radii on LCVA is significant. The sign of anode sheath potentials can change from negative to positive with the decrease of anode radii. The simulation results are in part verified by experimental results. Especially, as the effect of ion kinetic energy is considered, ion temperature is improved significantly; which is in agreement with experimental results.     

Simulation Research of Magnetic Constriction Effect and Controlling by Axial Magnetic Field of Vacuum Arc

Based on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of vacuum arc, the computer simulation of vacuum arc was carried out in this paper. In the MHD model, mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equations, energy conservation equations, generalized ohm‘s law and Maxwell equation were considered. MHD equations were calculated by numerical method, and the distribution of vacuum arc plasma parameters and current density were obtained. Simulation results showed that the magnetic constriction effect of vacuum arc is primarily caused by the Hall effect. In addition, the inhibition of axial magnetic field (AMF) on constriction of vacuum arc was calculated and analyzed.     

电弧电流以及纵向磁场对小电流真空电弧特性影响的数值仿真

建立了小电流真空电弧的双温度磁流体动力学模型,根据该模型首先对小电流真空电弧的基本特性进行了仿真研究,分析了不同电弧电流和不同纵向磁场强度对小电流真空电弧特性的影响。仿真结果表明,电弧电流和纵向磁场对小电流真空电弧特性的影响是明显的,仿真结果与实验结果基本吻合,尤其是离子温度的仿真结果与实验更加接近。另外,仿真结果还表明,对于小电流真空电弧而言,随着纵向磁场的增大,电子温度逐渐增大,变化趋势与实验结果一致。     

Experimental Study of the Influence of Gassing Material on Blow Open Force and Arc Motion

The study of arc behavior is important to understand the dynamic phenomena concerning the interruption process in a variety of switching devices. This paper is devoted to investigate the influence of gassing material on blow open force and arc motion. To one double- breaker model, measuring the arc current, voltage and force acting on the moving conductor, the characteristics of the ratio of the emerging blow open force over arc power FB/（ui） could be obtained. With the help of a 2-D optical fiber measurement system, to one arc chamber model, arc motion behavior was measured, too. It is demonstrated that, with the action of gassing material, FB/（ui） will increase 2.5 times, and the arc will enter the splitter plates much easier.     

Analysis of the Carbon Nano-Structures Formation in Liquid Arcing

Graphite electrodes were used for the direct current （DC） arc discharge in water. And high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM） was used to investigate the products. Based on the experimental phenomena and nano-structure products, arc plasma characteristics in water were analyzed theoretically. Two growth regions and relevant growth modes were proposed to interpret the formation mechanisms of nano-structures by arc discharge in water. Furthermore, liquid nitrogen and cross magnetic field was applied to change the arcing state respectively, and new carbon nano-structures were obtained. Their formation mechanisms were also analyzed correspondingly.     

Influence of Jet Angle and Ion Density of Cathode Side on Low Current Vacuum Arc Characteristics

In this study, the influence of the initial jet angles （IJAs） and ion number densities （INDs） at the cathode side on the low current vacuum arc （LCVA） characteristics is simulated and analysed. The results show that the ion temperature, electron temperature, ion number density, axial current density and plasma pressure all decrease with the increase of the cathode IJAs. It is also shown that LCVA can cause a current constriction for lower cathode IND, and the anode sheath potential is more nonuniform, which is mainly related to the nonuniform distribution of the axial current density at the anode side.     

金属丝尺寸对单丝电爆炸能量沉积阶段影响的数值模拟研究（英文）

The initial stage of wire array Z-pinch,i.e.the energy deposition stage in single wire electrical explosion,plays a very important role in the performance of the whole Z-pinch process.In this paper,this stage was modeled and simulated.Based on a mathematic model coupled with external circuit,the influence of wire dimension on the waveforms of current and voltage and the voltage-peak time in the energy deposition stage was studied.The calculated specific power indicates that time of the energy deposition extends with wire length quadratically.For normal wire dimension of wire array Z-pinch,the energy deposition time decreases slowly with the decreasing wire diameter,until approaches a minimum depended on the wire length.