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1.
A new type of high-temperature-resistant SiZrBOC ceramics was prepared by sol-gel method using polymethyl-hydro siloxane (PMHS), boric acid (B(OH)3), and n-propyl zirconate (Zr(OPr)4) as raw materials. After high-temperature pyrolysis, the SiZrBOC precursor was transformed into a crystalline ceramic material with a yield of 89.5 wt%. Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were applied to characterize the polymer-ceramic conversion process and thermal behavior of ceramic precursors. According to the results, the addition of boron elements led to the formation of Si-O-B links in the system. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the phase composition and microstructure of SiZrBOC ceramics. Finally, the oxidation test at 1200 °C revealed that SiZrBOC ceramics with a boron/zirconium molar ratio of 2.5:1 exhibited the best oxidation resistance at a weight gain of 0.4 wt% only.  相似文献   
2.
For the field of national territorial planning, to identify and delimit redlines is the primary step to preserve valuable natural and cultural assets from human interventions, harmonizing human-nature and urbanrural relationships. In the reality, however, the dogmatic planning and design concepts, irrational construction standards, and unscientific and rigid management requirements that ignore the diverse localities, market rules, and stakeholders’ needs usually make the implementation outcome runs the opposite to what was wished, leading to “redline dystopias” called by the author that are damaging our homelands. This article presents a dialogue between the author and a farmer in Qicha, Hainan, to reveal how a “capital farmland dystopia,” one of the redline dystopias, comes into being, appealing for a profound re-examination and reflection in the planning and design professions.  相似文献   
3.
In this paper, a new kinetic model considering both oxidation and volatilization kinetics is established and applied to analyze the oxidation of SiC-B4C-xAl2O3 ceramics and other systems in various oxidation conditions. The effects of diffusion area and volume changes during the oxidation process are considered in this model. The physical meaning of each parameter in this model is explicit and simple. According to this model, the diffusion coefficient of species and the corresponding diffusion activation energy are easily available. The practicability of this model is well verified by the experimental data of SiC-B4C-xAl2O3 and other systems oxidized under different conditions. In addition, the practice shows that the model is applicable not only to the systems where oxidation and volatilization coexist, but also to the system where only oxidation plays a major role. We hope the model proposed in this work can be used in other materials with more complex environments.  相似文献   
4.
In view of the practical application of γ-AlON as a promising transparent structural ceramic, in-depth insight into its mechanical and thermal properties is essential. The solid-state MAS NMR technique was combined with XRD Rietveld refinement to confirm the crystal structure of Al(8+x)/3O4-xNx (x = 0.299–0.575). These structural parameters were further applied to predict hardness and elastic properties based on theoretical exploration, which are in good agreement with the experimental values. A slight enhancement of mechanical properties with increasing nitrogen concentration is attributed to the stronger chemical bond in octahedra. The experimental thermal conductivity of γ-AlON transparent ceramics was improved slightly with the rise of x in the temperature range from 298 K to 1074 K. The intrinsic lattice thermal conductivity was determined by eliminating the extrinsic phonon scattering as well as the thermal radiation. The reason for the discrepancy between experimental and intrinsic thermal conductivity was revealed. The present methods provided powerful and accessible guidelines in optimizing the mechanical and thermal properties of oxynitride materials.  相似文献   
5.
Aiming at the complex and restrictive characteristics of human resource allocation in multiple scientific university research projects, an improved pigeon-inspired optimization(IPIO) algorithm is proposed wherein loss minimization and the shortest project delay time are considered as optimization goals. Firstly, mathematical modelling of the problem is carried out, and the multi-objective optimization problem is transformed into a single-objective optimization problem by means of a weighted solution. In the second step, the traditional pigeon-inspired optimization(PIO) algorithm is discretized, and an adaptive parameter strategy is adopted to improve the shortcomings of the algorithm itself. Finally, by comparing the simulation results with the original algorithm and the genetic algorithm in the optimization of human resource allocation in multiple projects, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed algorithm in the optimization of human resource allocation in multi-scientific research projects is verified.  相似文献   
6.
张文龙  张琳  陈宇 《中国塑料》2022,36(10):54-59
采用自制乙烯⁃辛烯共聚物接枝丙烯腈(POE⁃g⁃AN)耐油增容剂,对乙烯醋酸乙烯脂(EVA)/线性低密度聚乙烯(PE⁃LLD)电缆料的耐油性能、力学性能、电性能进行了研究。结果表明,随着POE⁃g⁃AN含量的增加,材料的拉伸强度、耐油性能、电性能均呈先增大后减小的趋势,而断裂伸长率不断增加。当接枝物含量为6 %(质量分数,下同)时,体系中各相间相容性改善效果最好,此时改性电缆料的耐油性、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、质量、体积变化率的绝对值最小,分别为35.7 %、34.6 %、15.69 %和15.35 %;拉伸强度提升了8.5 %,达到13.02 MPa,断裂伸长率最大为274.15 %;直流击穿场强最高为199 kV/mm,体积电阻率最大为7.84×1012 Ω·m。  相似文献   
7.
本文针对海南小堆的实际厂址环境特征,根据机组初步的二级PSA源项,利用更实际的CALPUFF烟团模式开展事故条件下小堆和大堆对场外公众的辐射影响分析,比较不同事故下对周边居民和工作人员的受照特征。按照针对小堆的剂量准则,确定各种天气条件下满足该准则的距离,有助于更深入地认识小堆的事故特征及应急计划区划分等问题,为相关工程实践和应急监管工作提供参考。  相似文献   
8.
Core–rim structures were observed as common features in Y-α-SiAlON ceramics hot-pressed between 1550?1950 °C. We found most dopants were taken into α’-rims, and a transition layer grown first on α-cores from liquid-phase over-saturated with metal solutes. Elongated β’-grain were formed as minor phase with α’- or AlN-cores thus only after the α’ matrix had consumed up all Y solutes, revealing that the α’ → β’ transformation is controlled by the transient liquid-phase and similar defects and dangling bonds could be detected in both SiAlON phases by cathodoluminescence. Quantitative assessment of Ym/3Si12?(m+n)Alm+nOnN16?n demonstrates the multiphase evolution, initiated by over-saturation of Y solutes at low temperatures thus retaining α-phase as cores to lower the infra-red transmittance, dictated by homogenization of Al solutes at higher temperature. The elimination of those phase boundaries leads to better dopant and sintering design for achieving transparent and high-performance SiAlON ceramics.  相似文献   
9.
公海铁联运作为解决大宗乏燃料远距离运输的最佳方案,在国际上是一种较为普遍的运输模式,如果未来我国采用该运输模式,需探索相关核应急工作思路。本文调研梳理了国内外乏燃料公海铁联运核应急相关法规标准,参考借鉴国外乏燃料运输相关实践,提出我国乏燃料公海铁联运核应急体系建设相关工作建议。  相似文献   
10.
张乐  姚远  马燕青  马国佳  吴晗  靳磊 《表面技术》2021,50(3):293-300
目的 研究氮化和喷涂MoS2涂层的异种不锈钢试样,经振动试验后的抗咬死性能及失效原因.方法 利用三角级数法转化得到了振动参数,对底座(Ⅰ型不锈钢)和拉杆(Ⅱ型不锈钢)的模拟件进行了气体氮化和常温喷涂MoS2涂层处理,采用三维显微镜、XRD、SEM、EDS和模拟振动试验平台对试样进行了表征.结果 Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型不锈钢氮化后的表面物相主要是γ′-Fe4N、ε-Fe2-3N和CrN.Ⅰ型不锈钢和Ⅱ型不锈钢表面的MoS2涂层厚度分别为30~40μm、20~30μm,氮化层的总厚度分别约为165、230μm.在模拟振动平台上,底座与拉杆咬死失效时间在30~45 min之间.底座和拉杆的上、下接触面磨损较严重,内接触面发生了轻微磨损.拉杆的下接触面发生旋转,上接触面继续保持接触,上下接触面的摩擦力大于拉杆的重力,从而发生了咬死现象.结论 底座和拉杆局部表面粗糙度增加、拉杆直径比底座内表面高度方向尺寸大0.28 mm、互溶性大且含立方晶体结构氮化物的氮化层之间直接接触,是振动45 min并旋转后试样发生咬死的主要原因.建议改进底座和拉杆的尺寸、表面处理层和工艺参数.  相似文献   
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