中空介孔硅基刺激响应型纳米药物载体的研究进展

对中空介孔硅的制备方法及其优缺点进行阐述，同时总结了pH、光、氧化还原和多重刺激响应型中空介孔硅药物载体的刺激响应原理及研究进展，最后对其目前存在的问题以及未来研究方向进行了分析和展望。     

Microstructure and mechanical behavior of laser aided additive manufactured low carbon interstitial Fe49.5Mn30Co10Cr10C0.5 multicomponent alloy

Laser aided additive manufacturing(LAAM)was used to fabricate bulk Fe49.5Mn30Co10Cr10C0.5 interstitial multicomponent alloy using pre-alloyed powder.The room temperature yield strength(σy),ultimate tensile strength(σUTS)and elongation(εUST)were 645 MPa,917 MPa and 27.0％respectively.The as-built sample consisted of equiaxed and dendritic cellular structures formed by elemental segregation.These cellular structures together with oxide particle inclusions were deemed to strengthen the material.The other contributing components include dislocation strengthening,friction stress and grain bound-ary strengthening.The high εUTS was attributed to dislocation motion and activation of both twinning and transformation-induced plasticity(TWIP and TRIP).Tensile tests performed at-40℃and-130℃demonstrated superior tensile strength of 1041 MPa and 1267 MPa respectively.However,almost no twinning was observed in the fractured sample tested at-40℃and-130℃.Instead,higher fraction of strain-induced hexagonal close-packed(HCP)ε phase transformation of 21.2％were observed for fractured sample tested at-40℃,compared with 6.3％in fractured room temperature sample.     

提取方法对青叶苎麻叶蛋白功能特性的影响

分别采用超声波辅助碱溶液、盐溶液和水3种溶剂提取青叶苎麻叶蛋白质,并分析其浓度、氮溶解指数、起泡性、起泡稳定性、乳化性和乳化稳定性。结果表明,超声波辅助盐溶液提取的蛋白质浓度(10.73 mg/mL)和氮溶解指数(61.95%)最高,且该方法提取的蛋白质的起泡性(26.34%)及泡沫稳定性(24.49%)显著优于其他两种溶剂方法;超声波辅助水提取的蛋白质乳化性(11.17 m²/g)最佳,而超声波辅助碱溶液提取的蛋白质的乳化稳定性最佳(231.92)。     

自适应有限元-离散元算法、ELFEN软件及页岩体积压裂应用

该文介绍流体-固体-断裂耦合分析的自适应有限元(FE)-离散元(DE)算法,引进一款新近基于该方法研发的数值计算软件ELFEN,并将其应用于页岩分段体积压裂的三维数值计算和机理分析。该方法引入有限元应力恢复的超收敛拼片恢复(SPR)法,获得应力的超收敛SPR解,利用SPR解估计常规有限元解的误差,通过裂纹尖端局部区域的自适应网格重划分获得高精度应力解答并得以有效描述裂纹动态扩展,形成分析策略和求解方案。数值算例表明该算法和软件分析流体-固体-断裂耦合作用下单一、多水平井分段体积压裂的可靠性、有效性和实用性。     

游戏厂商的皮肤“套路”究竟有多深?

游戏皮肤越来越成为游戏收费主流模式,但你可能不知道这背后的秘密。当《三国演义》里的“关二爷”放下手中的青龙偃月刀,拿起冲锋枪出现在游戏中,你会觉得奇怪吗?游戏皮肤为什么让玩家不停充值?游戏皮肤到底是怎么流行起来的?游戏皮肤收费对玩家和游戏行业又意味着什么……通过本文,一起来看看那些隐藏在游戏皮肤背后的故事。     

老鹰茶挥发油提取工艺优化及其抑菌活性

采用水蒸气蒸馏法对老鹰茶挥发油进行提取,以挥发油得率为指标,运用单因素实验和正交实验法考察了提取时间、料液比和超声时间3个因素对老鹰茶出油率的影响,最佳提取工艺条件为:提取时间5 h,料液比1:12,超声时间60 min。验证实验表明,优选工艺条件稳定可行,在该条件下提取率为(0.29±0.03)%。运用滤纸片法评价了老鹰茶挥发油的抑菌活性,结果表明老鹰茶对大肠杆菌抑制效果最佳(11.86 mm±0.23 mm),其次是金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌及四联球菌。     

表面粗糙和带槽的湿式离合器接合的有限元模型

已经开发了一个有限元模型,研究表面粗糙和带槽纸质可渗透的湿式离合器的接合特性。采用有限元方法(Galerkin)离散修正雷诺和力平衡方程式,采用等参量方程式解所描述的有关内何学。通过Patir和Cheng(1978)的通用流量模型模拟表面粗糙度的影响。在表面粗糙状况下,采用Greenwond和William son(1966)方法计算负荷分配,采用开发的有限元模型研究所加负荷的影响,以及湿式离合器摩擦材料的渗透率和槽出入口尺寸的接合特性(即转矩、油压、接合时间和油膜厚度)。研究结果表明,所加负荷、摩擦材料渗透率和槽宽度对接合特性的影响显著。高的配合面压力增大了峰值和减少了接合时间但显著增大了峰值转矩,宽油槽减少峰值转矩和增加了接合时间。对于本模型油槽深度对接合特性的影响不太明显。     

Mixed convection in the heated semi-circular lid-driven cavity for nonNewtonian power-law fluids: Effect of presence and shape of the block

The present work delineates the hydrodynamics and thermal characteristics due to mixed convection in the liddriven semi-circular cavity affected by the presence of the adiabatic block at its geometric center for twodimensional, steady-state, laminar and for non-Newtonian power-law fluids. The semi-circular cavity has a diameter of D. The horizontal wall/lid is sliding with a uniform horizontal velocity(u = U) and is subjugated to the ambient thermal condition; while the curved surface is subjugated to a higher isothermal temperature.The convective characteristics inside the system is explored for the broad range of Richardson number(0.1 ≤Ri ≤ 10), Prandtl number(1 ≤ Pr ≤ 100) and non-Newtonian power-law index(0.5 ≤ n ≤ 1.5) at a constant Grashof number of 10~4. Apart from this, the effect of shape(cross-section) of the inserted block, i.e., circular, square and triangular on heat transfer characteristics has also been explored. It is observed that the shear thickening fluids display better cooling characteristics. Besides, the cavity with immersed triangular block shows better heat transfer results than the circular and square blocks. The deviations observed in the flow and heat transfer characteristics in the cavity by inserting an adiabatic block as compared with cavity without block have been ascertained by calculating normalized Nusselt number(Nu~N). The presence of the block was found to have a diminishing effect on the heat transfer due to convection in the cavity. In the end, the results of the study are summarized in the form of a predictive correlation exhibiting the functional dependence of average Nusselt number with Prandtl number, power-law index, and Richardson number.     

空间的力量 新奥胡斯大学医院

正新奥胡斯大学医院是丹麦第一个超大型的医院案例,也是一个具有"康复医疗"概念的、超现代的国际先锋作品。医院的建筑设计通过系统运用"信息和循证"的工作方法,践行了"康复建筑"的综合理念。其"信息和循证"的方法是利用对现存建筑的研究和评估,以提供最有效的信息来创建最佳的康复建筑。从单人病房的设计、日光和光线的利用,以及景观和花园空间的设计,旨在尽量满足病人的需求,提升     

Nickel phosphonate MOF as efficient water splitting photocatalyst

A novel microporous two-dimensional(2D)Ni-based phosphonate metal-organic framework(MOF;denoted as IEF-13)has been successfully synthesized by a simple and green hydrothermal method and fully characterized using a combination of experimental and computational techniques.Structure resolution by single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that IEF-13 crystallizes in the triclinic space group Pi having bi-octahedra nickel nodes and a photo/electroactive tritopic phosphonate ligand.Remarkably,this material exhibits coordinatively unsaturated nickel(II)sites,free-P0₃H₂and-P0₃H acidic groups,a C0₂accessible microporosity,and an exceptional thermal and chemical stability.Further,its in-deep optoelectronic characterization evidences a photoresponse suitable for photocatalysis.In this sense,the photocatalytic activity for challenging H₂generation and overall water splitting in absence of any co-catalyst using UV-Vis irradiation and simulated sunlight has been evaluated,constituting the first report for a phosphonate-MOF photocatalyst.IEF-13 is able to produce up to 2,200 fimol of H₂per gram using methanol as sacrificial agent,exhibiting stability,maintaining its crystal structure and allowing its recycling.Even more,170μmol of H₂per gram were produced using IEF-13 as photocatalyst in the absence of any co-catalyst for the overall water splitting,being this reaction limited by the 0₂reduction.The present work opens new avenues for further optimization of the photocatalytic activity in this type of multifunctional materials.