水质中总硬度的检测方法

目的建立快速检测水质总硬度的检测方法。方法基于工厂实际生产需求,采用快速试纸条方法对工厂内使用的配料用水、清洗用水、源水的总硬度进行检测,并通过方法优劣性分析、适用性验证、准确性验证、精密度验证等维度进行分析总结,同时与国标方法进行结果差异对比。结果通过对4个维度的实验证明,快速试纸条法检测结果与国标方法对比无显著差异。结论本研究中试纸条快速检测方法,可以满足生产过程中配料用水、清洗用水、源水的质量检测。     

质量控制方法在钙含量快速检测中的应用

目的通过有效的质量控制方法,监控实验室快速钙含量项目的检测情况,衡量检测结果的准确性。方法选择适当的样品作为质控样品,应用乳钙测定试剂盒法对质控样品进行多次测定,将测定数据绘制成质量控制图,进行分析总结。同时与国标方法进行结果差异对比。结果通过对3种质量控制方法的应用,研究发现快速钙含量检测结果不存在系统误差,与国标方法对比无显著差异。结论本研究中快速钙含量项目使用的质量控制方法,可以有效实现对检测数据的动态监控。     

氯化银比浊法测定水样中氯离子

目的建立氯化银比浊法测定水样中氯离子的方法。方法用硝酸调节溶液pH,加入硝酸银溶液,使之与氯离子反应,生成氯化银悬浊液,利用分光光度法测定吸光度,通过工作曲线确定浓度。结果氯离子浓度为0～6μg/mL时线性方程为Y=0.0473X-0.0004,相关系数为0.9995,线性关系较好,相对标准偏差为2.0%,回收率范围为96.89%～108.25%。结论此方法检测效率高,适合测定氯离子含量较小的样品。     

风电叶片复合材料弯曲损伤破坏声发射监测

通过对含纤维断裂缺陷的风电叶片玻璃钢复合材料三点弯曲试验,研究风电叶片复合材料弯曲损伤破坏及其声发射响应特征。试验研究表明,复合材料三点弯曲试件载荷一挠度曲线近似为直线,表面20层纤维断裂缺陷导致复合材料强度急剧下降;含中间20层纤维断裂缺陷试件与无缺陷试件相比,强度和刚度相差不大;纤维断裂缺陷使复合材料的破坏形式发生变化。声发射监测数据显示,风电叶片复合材料弯曲损伤破坏与声发射的幅度、能量、撞击、上升时间、持续时间和计数等参量特征相关。     

基于DSP平台的人民币编号识别系统的设计与实现

为了在嵌入式系统中实现实时视频图像人民币号码识别,提出了基于TI系列TMS320DM642的快速人脸检测系统设计方案,包括系统软件和硬件的方案。首先,详细介绍了人民币编号图像提取与识别,针对该算法实现原理阐述硬件平台上的算法移植和优化方案,最后,实现了嵌入式快速人民币号码识别系统的研制。通过分析测试结果,系统可靠运行,优化后系统运行速度提高,能够实现实时人民币号码识别。     

SiC_p/Cu梯度复合材料热疲劳性能研究

采用粉末冶金方法制备了4种SiC颗粒呈渐变分布的梯度复合材料,应用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、自动显微硬度计等,研究了梯度复合材料的显微组织、硬度分布和热疲劳性能。结果表明,SiCp/Cu梯度复合材料基体连续,梯度层过渡均匀,显微组织及硬度呈梯度分布;梯度复合材料的SiC颗粒渐变过渡越均匀,梯度复合材料抗热疲劳性能越好。     

An evaluation of commercial nickel catalysts during hydrogenation of soybean oil

The activities of several commercial nickel catalysts were determined by measuring their activation energies. Among these catalysts, G95E, Resan 22, Nysosel 222 and 325, all with low activation energy, were more active than DM3 and G95H, which had higher activation energy. However, the less active catalysts increased the linoleate selectivity of soybean oil during hydrogenation. The yields of bothtrans isomers and winterized oil were higher for the more selectively hydrogenated oil catalyzed by the less active catalysts. In the sensory evaluation, the fractionated solid fat that contained moretrans isomers was lower in flavor scores than the fractionated liquid oil after hydrogenation and winterization of soybean oil.     

Synthesis of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme system in oligonitrophilic bacteria

Oligonitrophilic bacteria were cultivated on a medium containing only 2.5--10.0 mg/litre of nitrogen compounds. They assimilated elementary nitrogen only after utilization of these nitrogen compounds during growth and formation of nitrogen-fixing enzyme system. Their cells grown on a medium containing high concentrations of bound nitrogen did not fix nitrogen during further incubation in the atmosphere of 15N; therefore, the enzymes involved in nitrogen fixation were induced. These organisms are characterized by diauxia during their growth on media containing "start" doses of nitrogen. Enzymes catalysing nitrogen fixation in azotobacter are also induced. But, contrary to oligonitrophilic bacteria, the azotobacter does not require nitrogen compounds in the medium in order to adapt to molecular nitrogen, and its growth curve is not of a biphasal character. These data and the evidence of other authors suggest that all nitrogen-fixing microorganisms are characterized by the induced, not constitutive, enzymes involved in reduction of molecular nitrogen.     

Effect of ultraviolet aging on rheology, chemistry and morphology of ultraviolet absorber modified bitumen

Seeking a new method to solve the ultraviolet (UV) aging of bitumen is of great importance for road applications since the UV aging is considered to be one of the main causes leading to the performance deterioration of bitumen. In this paper, two UV absorbers (octabenzone and bumetrizole) were applied to modify the bitumen by melt blending. Effect of UV aging on rheology, chemistry and morphology of the UV absorber modified bitumens was investigated, by means of dynamic shear rheometer, thin-layer chromatography with flame ionization detection, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, to reveal the mechanisms of action for bitumen and UV absorbers. Results show that the two UV absorbers show opposite influences on the UV aging performance of bitumen depending on the type of UV absorbers. The bumetrizole improves the UV aging resistance of bitumen remarkably since the bumetrizole can inhibit reactions of aromatization and oxidation of bitumen molecules to a certain extent during the UV aging, and thus slows down the rate at which the bitumen transforms from sol to gel. The bumetrizole modified bitumen has the potential to be used in pavement for improvement of the UV aging resistance during service life.     

Vibration fracture resistance of 5052H112 aluminum alloy processed by cold rolling and friction stirring

Hot-rolled Al–3Mg alloy processed by various cold-rolled reductions exhibited excellent vibration fracture resistance, however subsequent friction stirring did not endow better vibration fracture resistance than cold-rolled samples in spite of possessing microstructural refinement and homogenization. The D–N curve under a constant initial deflection amplitude (6.5 mm) also showed that the vibration fracture resistance of cold-rolled specimens increased as a result of the slower crack propagation rate. All samples used in this investigation showed a work hardening feature from the initial stage of the D–N curve, and the deflection amplitude tended to increase as the number of vibration cycles increased. During this ascending stage, slip band cracking and strain hardening in the vicinity of the main crack could be recognized. The D–N curve feature of the cold-rolled samples depicted a longer plateau region while the deflection amplitude was at its maximum. It is suggested that the dislocation tangles introduced by cold rolling can strengthen the matrix. As a result, the deflection amplitude drops could be associated with increasing the dislocation tangles due to prior cold rolling while the main crack achieved a critical crack length.