Functional organisation of the endomembrane network in the digestive gland of the Venus flytrap: revisiting an old story with a new microscopy toolbox

Up-to-date imaging approaches were used to address the spatiotemporal organisation of the endomembrane system in secretory cells of Dionaea muscipula. Different ‘slice and view’ methodologies were performed on resin-embedded samples to finally achieve a 3D reconstruction of the cell architecture, using ultrastructural tomography, array tomography, serial block face-scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM), correlation, and volume rendering at the light microscopy level. Observations of cryo-fixed samples by high-pressure freezing revealed changes of the endomembrane system that occur after trap activation and prey digestion. They provide evidence for an original strategy that adapts the secretory machinery to a specific and unique case of stimulated exocytosis in plant cells. A first secretion peak is part of a rapid response to deliver digestive fluids to the cell surface, which delivers the needed stock of digestive materials ‘on site’. The second peak of activity could then be associated with the reconstruction of the Golgi apparatus (GA), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and vacuolar machinery, in order to prepare for a subsequent round of prey capture. Tubular continuum between ER and Golgi stacks observed on ZIO-impregnated tissues may correspond to an efficient transfer mechanism for lipids and/or proteins, especially for use in rapidly resetting the molecular GA machinery. The occurrence of one vacuolar continuum may permit continuous adjustment of cell homeostasy. The subcellular features of the secretory cells of Dionaea muscipula outline key innovations in the organisation of plant cell compartmentalisation that are used to cope with specific cell needs such as the full use of the GA as a protein factory, and the ability to create protein reservoirs in the periplasmic space. Shape-derived forces of the pleiomorphic vacuole may act as signals to accompany the sorting and entering flows of the cell.     

云南某地铅锌银多金属硫化矿的浮选试验研究

对云南某地铅锌银多金属硫化矿进行浮选试验研究。原矿入选品位Pb 2.98%、Zn 3.92%、Ag 33.5g/t。采用铅硫混浮-铅硫分离-尾矿浮锌的工艺流程,闭路试验获得了铅精矿产率4.46%、含Pb 52.29%,含Zn 4.34%,铅回收率84.53%;锌精矿产率6.20%、含Zn 54.57%,含Pb 0.78%,锌回收率85.27%;富集在铅精矿中Ag 211g/t、银回收率28.38%的选别指标。     

镀锌层硅酸盐+虫胶复合转化膜的制备和表征

目的阻碍热镀锌板出现白锈,提高镀锌层的耐腐蚀性能。方法采用正交试验法优化出添加虫胶水溶液的有机无机复合钝化液。通过电化学Tafel极化曲线、交流阻抗(EIS)、乙酸铅点滴和中性盐雾试验,对比分析基体、硅酸盐+虫胶复合钝化膜与铬酸盐钝化膜的耐腐蚀性能。采用摩擦法测试对比分析基体和无铬钝化膜试样的附着性能,并通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱和红外光谱对形貌和结构进行分析。结果添加虫胶水溶液的复合钝化膜表面平整致密,72 h中性盐雾试验后的腐蚀面积小于10%。乙酸铅点滴试验和电化学测试显示,复合钝化膜的耐腐蚀性能较基体好。附着力试验测试显示,复合钝化膜具有良好的附着能力。结论因为复合钝化液中的虫胶与硅酸盐交织为O—Si—CH_2结构,与金属离子结合生成致密的膜层附着在镀锌层表面,使得复合钝化膜致密平整,且使腐蚀过程得到了强烈的抑制。     

Robust model for optimization of forming process for metallic bipolar plates of cleaner energy production system

Energy production systems such as proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has a promising future in the cleaner energy market due to zero emissions. Rubber pad forming (RPF) process of metallic bipolar plates of PEMFCs is gaining attention among the researchers. Studies based on design of experiments have been conducted to find the crucial parameters of the forming process. These methods are based on the assumptions of the model structure, correlated residuals, etc., which can cause uncertainty in estimation ability of the model on unseen data. Therefore, the present study focuses on the design of robust models of these parameters for PEMFCs using an optimization approach of genetic programming (GP). The inputs from the experiments considered in GP are radius, the friction coefficient, the filling factor and the minimum thickness. Experiments on PEMFCs validates the performance of the GP models. Further, the relationships between the two inputs and the three outputs for PEMFCs are generated as well as the contributions of each input to each of the output. Optimization of the models generated by GP can further determine the forming quality of metallic bipolar plates of PEMFCs by an appropriate setting of the two inputs.     

Experimental and optimization of material synthesis process parameters for improving capacity of lithium‐ion battery

New methods for synthesis of active materials have been developed to improve capacity and cycle life performance of lithium‐ion batteries. Past studies have focused on routes of development of materials and new processes, which might not be economical for large‐scale production. In this regard, this study examines a widely employed carbothermal reduction technology for the synthesis of lithium‐iron phosphate (LiFePO₄/C) and investigates effects of process conditions during this synthesis on final battery performance. An experimental combined genetic programming approach is used to model the effects of crucial process conditions (sintering time, the carbon content, and the sintering temperature) on the discharge capacity of the assembled battery. Experiments are conducted to collect the discharge capacity data based on varying LiFePO₄/C synthesis conditions, and genetic programming is employed to develop a suitable functional relationship between them. The results show that the battery discharge capacity is controlled significantly by adjusting sintering temperature and carbon content, while the effect of sintering time is found to be insignificant. Further, the interaction effect of the sintering time and carbon content is much more obvious than that of the sintering time and the sintering temperature. The findings from the study pave the way for the optimum design of the synthesis process of LiFePO₄/C for a higher battery performance.     

旅游开发中的博弈论

介绍了博弈论的基本内容 ,运用博弈论的基本原理来分析和认识旅游开发和周边地区经济发展之间存在的矛盾 ,提出了关于旅游开发的若干思考     

混凝土中微生物的侵蚀机理及其控制的研究

通过分析混凝土中微生物的侵蚀机理和途径，探讨了厌氧菌、需氧菌以及微小藻类的形成及其对混凝土的侵蚀，并归纳了预防和控制微生物对混凝土侵蚀的方法。     

对我国绿色建筑评价体系的思考

简述了国外绿色建筑评价体系的基本概况以及发展历程，介绍了完善我国绿色建筑评价体系的建议，对推动全球绿色建筑的发展具有重要的意义。     

我国建设工程质量监管模式的现状分析及改革设想

首先简要回顾了工程质量监管体系的历史沿革并分析了现状及存在问题;接着归纳工程质量监管体系发展的趋势,提出发展建设工程质量事务所的必然性:然后分别对建设工程质量事务机构的意义、培育方案、政府在其间应发挥的作用等做深入研究.     

超滤膜/粉末活性炭组合工艺处理上海段长江水

采用超滤膜和粉末活性炭联用深度处理长江水.结果表明在20℃下超滤膜可保持较高通量的稳定运行,通量＞130 L/(m2·h);在粉末活性炭总投量为10 mg/L左右时,采用脉冲澄清池的常规工艺+超滤膜和粉末活性炭组合系统,对CODMn总去除率约60%,对UV总去除率为70%以上,出水CODMn＜1 mg/L;PAC不能明显改善和稳定膜的渗透性,投量过高(20 mg/L以上)会导致膜穿透压力上升,渗透性快速下降;在砂滤池高滤速运行时,没有对膜的过滤性能产生负面影响,但没有砂滤工艺,膜的渗透性在4～5 d明显下降.