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1.
为实现产品的可持续设计,使企业在竞争市场中占据有利地位,提出了基于改进质量功能展开(Q FD)的产品可持续设计模块重要度判定方法.针对需求评价环境的不确定性和用户的偏好表达,利用混合信息表征Q FD中的用户需求评价,考虑到语言术语更符合专家在模糊情境下的表达习惯,利用犹豫模糊语言集表征Q FD中需求和模块的关联关系;构建均衡接近模型,获得具有高认同度的用户层面的需求重要度,联合期望关联和偏差最大化构建模型,获得具有高区分度的专家层面的需求重要度,设置调节参数,确定需求最终重要度;考虑到专家的有限理性行为以及传统判定方法易造成决策补偿性问题,将前景理论和复杂比例评价方法相结合确定模块重要度,以实例验证了所提方法的有效性.  相似文献   
2.
真随机数发生器(TRNG)作为芯片中重要的安全组件,在现代加密系统中扮演着越来越重要的角色。对于TRNG的设计,关键是需要熵提取器可以在恶劣的环境变化(如工艺波动、电压和温度(PVT))下稳定地生成熵值。基于Xilinx FPGA平台提出了一种基于环形振荡器的低成本,高效率真随机数发生器。TRNG一方面通过快速进位逻辑来提高熵提取的效率,另一方面通过优化电路结构和延迟,在以相对较低的资源开销情况下实现可观的吞吐量和随机性。TRNG分别在多块Xilinx Virtex6 FPGAs和Xilinx Spartan6 FPGAs上进行验证,实验数据测试结果表明,所提出的TRNG能够在广泛的PVT范围内表现出良好的鲁棒性,且生成的随机比特流不仅以相当高P值通过NIST SP800-22统计测试套件,而且可以通过最新的NIST SP800-90B测试。  相似文献   
3.
气藏平均地层压力跟踪计算新方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
平均地层压力是产能评价和动态分析的基础,准确、快速获取平均地层压力对高效开发气藏意义重大。基于地层压力随时间变化的规律,分析了平均地层压力的变化规律。研究结果表明:平均地层压力等效点仅随时间发生改变,平均地层压力的下降速率等于或者近似等于井底流压的下降速率。从封闭弹性驱动气藏的物质平衡方程出发,考虑偏差系数和井底流压随平均地层压力的变化,推导建立了平均地层压力跟踪计算新方法,根据生产数据可迭代计算平均地层压力。方法验证结果显示,采气速度和采出程度共同影响模型的计算结果。应用实例表明,跟踪计算法与压力恢复试井和物质平衡法之间的相对误差均较小,满足工程计算精度要求,且跟踪计算法不需依托生产测试数据,节约了测试费用,避免了测试占产。  相似文献   
4.
利用ASPEN PLUS化工模拟软件,选择NRTL物性分析方法,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为萃取剂,采用萃取精馏与减压精馏相结合的方法,对水-乙醇-环己醇三元体系的分离过程进行了模拟与优化.考察了塔板数、回流比、原料进料位置及萃取剂进料位置和用量对精馏分离过程的影响,对萃取剂与水分离塔的操作压力进行了比较与分析.结果表明:当原料处理量为10 t/h,醪液中w(水)=85%,w(乙醇)=10%,w(环己醇)=5%时,采用萃取精馏和减压精馏可以使处理后的水中乙醇质量分数小于10×10-6,环己醇质量分数小于30×10-6;回收的w(乙醇)≥99.6%,w(环己醇)≥95%.  相似文献   
5.
Xu  Peng  Ni  YiKun  Liu  JingLong  Zhang  WeiRong  Liu  SiJian  Wang  LiZhen  Fan  YuBo 《中国科学:技术科学(英文版)》2021,64(5):1101-1106
Woodpeckers can withstand a fierce impact during pecking. Previous studies have focused on the biomechanical analysis of the pecking process, the properties of the beak and hyoid bone of woodpecker; however, the biological characteristics of the woodpecker brain are also important in resisting impact injuries. We employed impact experiments and biological analysis in normal and injured brains to reveal the impact-resistant biological characteristics of woodpecker brains, as well as the impact energy's biological effects on the woodpecker brain. The hoopoe, which has a similar size but only a slight pecking behavior, was selected as the control group to compare brain morphology and neuronal cells differences in normal brains between woodpecker and hoopoe by sectioning and staining. A loading device was designed to conduct a quantifiable impact energy to the woodpeckers' head. Four groups of woodpeckers were impacted with the same energy on the forehead, beak, tempus and occiput,respectively. Biological changes in the injured brains were evaluated by Nissl staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The results showed that:(1) woodpeckers had a larger cerebellum and a higher density of Nissl bodies than hoopoe;(2) Nissl apoptosis appeared in the brain samples after the forehead and the occiput impact experiments, but no obvious Nissl body apoptosis was observed after impact on the tempus and the beak;(3) β-amyloid protein accumulated in the normal status woodpecker brain. This study reveals that: woodpecker brain morphology is well-adapted to impact, woodpecker heads display location-dependent protective performance, with beak and tempus regions having a better protective performance than the forehead and occiput, Nissl apoptosis appears in injured woodpecker brains, and that the accumulation of β-amyloid protein does not show a direct relationship with the injury state of woodpecker's brain tissue in our study.  相似文献   
6.
Liu  Yajun  Xia  Hong  Ni  Qing-Qing 《Applied Composite Materials》2022,29(1):121-146
Applied Composite Materials - The objectives of this experimental study are to develop impact-resistant three-dimensional (3D) woven textile-reinforced composites as well as to clarify the...  相似文献   
7.
Huang J.  Ni D.  Ni X.  Chen W.  Fu Y. 《丝绸》2022,(12):187-196
Silk is a kind of natural fiber with good luster strength elasticity dyeability hygroscopicity and other advantages. Silk products are quite popular to the customers because of their excellent performance such as heat preservation air permeability and so on which make them comfortable to use. Silk floss which is made from pupa lining secondary cocoon etc. can be used as floc and filler materials and is an important part of silk products. According to its production mode silk floss can be divided into manual silk floss and machine-made silk floss and the latter has become the main processing mode of silk floss production due to its high production efficiency. In terms of composition silk flossing generally contains 20% - 30% sericin pupa oil and impurities so in the degumming process in addition to adding sodium carbonate and other degumming agents to remove sericin a large amount of hydrogen peroxide with strong oxidation property is also used to increase the cleanliness and smoothness. Unfortunately hydrogen peroxide is highly flammable and explosive and poses a risk in transportation and storage causing potential safety hazards to the silk processing industry. In order to solve this problem we innovatively propose two hydrogen peroxide-free processing methods of machine-made silk floss by using sodium percarbonate degumming or sodium carbonate-ozone. As an environmentally friendly solid oxidant sodium percarbonate can produce hydrogen peroxide and sodium carbonate after decomposition and is often used to degrade organic harmful substances. Similarly ozone is a common strong oxidant with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and because ozone can be produced instantly by ozone generators there is no risk of transport and storage. Silk is composed of silk fibroin and sericin. Among them silk fibroin is fibrous protein which will swell in hot water while sericin is globular protein which is easy to dissolve in hot water. As a result in this paper heated sodium percarbonate solution and sodium carbonate-ozone system were used to deglue silk floss. The methods were as follows silk floss was degummed three times in boiling 0. 78 g / L sodium percarbonate solution for 30 minutes each time or was degummed three times in boiled 0. 5 g / L Na2 CO3 solution with ozone continuously flow at a rate of 100 mg / L - h for 30 minutes each time. After cleaning and drying the degummed silk floss can be obtained. After the experiment the apparent morphology sericin residual efficiency impurity rate compression resilience whiteness and other silk floss quality indexes of the two methods were analyzed and compared with superior machine-made silk floss processed by commercial way with hydrogen peroxide. The results show that both two processing methods got uniform degumming effect of silk floss and the surface of the single fiber was smooth and the degumming effect was basically the same as that of commercial products prepared with hydrogen peroxide. The sericin residual rate of silk floss was between 3% - 4% which was in line with the requirements of less than 5% of superior silk floss. There was no significant difference between silk floss obtained and commercial superior products in smoothness and whiteness. In conclusion the performance of silk floss in all aspects has reached the standard of superior products that is the sericin content is not more than 5% the impurity content is not more than 0. 1% the compression rate is not less than 45% and the response rate is not less than 92% . Based on the experimental results and analysis it can be concluded that the machine-made silk floss with good performance can be prepared without hydrogen peroxide showing the feasibility of processing machine-made silk floss without hydrogen peroxide which is of great significance to the research and development of a safe and reliable oxidant system for the removal of impurities in silk floss and to further improve the safety of machine-made silk floss production process. © 2022 China Silk Association. All rights reserved.  相似文献   
8.
为提高西红柿红外干法去皮的加工性能,本研究建立了红外辐射加热的三维传热模型,利用该模型对西红柿红外去皮过程中表面和内部不同位置的温度进行预测,并通过比较温度预测值和实测值来验证模型的拟合度;进一步通过能耗计算对比分析两种不同的红外设备,筛选出较优的红外设备。结果表明,与静态催化红外设备相比,燃气-滚轮传送式催化红外设备可以实现对西红柿表皮的快速加热(表面最高温度为60.32 ℃),且西红柿表面温度分布更均匀(最大温差约6.44 ℃);内部温度增幅较低(内部最高温度为49.10 ℃),且内部温度分布也较均匀(最大温差约18.25 ℃)。模型预测值与实测值之间的拟合较好(R2≥0.93),且两者之间的估计标准误差EESE值较低(0.13~10.80 ℃),表明三维传热模型的拟合效果良好,能够很好地反映不同红外设备下西红柿表面和内部的温度分布。与静态式催化红外设备相比,燃气-滚轮传送式催化红外设备更优,即缩短了16.60%的加工时间,又节约了34.80%的能耗,更高效节能,在果蔬去皮领域具有广阔的应用前景及工业化推广价值。  相似文献   
9.
High-efficiency Yb:Y2O3 laser ceramics were fabricated using the vacuum-sintering plus hot isostatic pressing (HIP) without sintering additives. High-purity well-dispersed nanocrystalline Yb:Y2O3 powder was synthesized using a modified co-precipitation method in-house. The green bodies were first vacuum sintered at a temperature as low as 1430°C and then HIPed at 1450°C. Finally, the samples were air annealed at 800°C for 10 h. Although no sintering aids were used, full density of the samples with excellent optical homogeneity and an inline transmission of 80% at 400 nm could be obtained. Moreover, photodarkening phenomenon was not detected in the ceramics. Preliminary laser experiment with the fabricated ceramics in a two-mirror cavity has demonstrated 32 W continuous-wave (CW) output at ∼1077 nm with an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 58.2%. To the best of our knowledge, this is so far the highest CW output power and optical-to-optical conversion efficiency achieved with the Yb3+-doped sesquioxide ceramics in a simple two-mirror cavity.  相似文献   
10.
焦油的脱除是生物质气化规模化应用的难题。离子液体具有饱和蒸气压低、分子结构可设计等优势,在催化和吸收领域有广泛的应用前景,但在脱除焦油方面鲜有探索。以改进的COSMO-RS方法为基础,借助COSMOtherm软件推算离子液体对苯、甲苯、苯酚和萘等焦油模拟物的无限稀释活度系数。并进一步通过偏摩尔过量焓验证以上筛选结果。结果表明,优选的两取代基咪唑类离子液体对四种焦油模拟物的无限稀释活度系数值主要分布在0.4~1之间,预计具有良好的吸收性能。当阴离子相同时,两取代基咪唑阳离子随着R1位置烷基侧链的增长吸收性能变好,其中[C8MIM][NTf2]表现出了较佳性能,吸收苯、甲苯和萘的γ分别为0.95、1.24和1.36,但此时离子液体黏度较大;对于苯酚体系,[BF4]-阴离子性能较佳。  相似文献   
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