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1.
Traditional cooling systems have been posing a significant challenge to the global energy crisis and climate change due to the high energy consumption of the cooling process. In recent years, the emerging daytime radiative cooling provides a promising solution to address the bottleneck of traditional cooling technology by passively dissipating heat radiation to outer space without any energy consumption through the atmospheric transparency window(8~13μm). Whereas its stringent optical criteria require sophisticated and high cost fabrication producers, which hinders the applicability of radiative cooling technology. Many efforts have been devoted to develop high-efficiency and low-cost daytime radiative cooling technologies for practical application, including the nanophotonics based artificial strategy and bioinspired strategy. In order to systematically summarize the development and latest advance of daytime radiative cooling to help developing the most promising approach, here in this paper we will review and compare the two typical strategies on exploring the prospect approach for applicable radiative cooling technology. We will firstly sketch the fundamental of radiative cooling and summarize the common methods for construction radiative cooling devices. Then we will put an emphasis on the summarization and comparison of the two strategies for designing the radiative cooling device, and outlook the prospect and extending application of the daytime radiative cooling technology.  相似文献   
2.
Ren  Qinggang  Chen  Yaju  Qiu  Yongjian  Tao  Leiming  Ji  Hongbing 《Catalysis Letters》2021,151(10):2919-2927
Catalysis Letters - Porous materials with heterogeneous nature occupy a pivotal position in the chemical industry. This work described a facile pre- and post-synthetic approach to modify porous...  相似文献   
3.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(23):32847-32855
Mixed phase materials in the quasi binary diopside (CaMgSi2O6) – molybdite (MoO3) system were synthesized by a precipitation method. Materials were fabricated with diopside to molybdite ratios of 1:0, 10:1, 5:1, 2:1 and 1:1. XRD, SEM and EDS results show that alongside the initial diopside phase, phases such as calcium molybdate CaMoO4, rod-like enstatite MgSiO3 and cristobalite SiO2 formed as the molybdite content increased, and diopside was entirely absent at the highest molybdite content. At lower Mo content, mixed phase materials showed higher hardness and slower biodegradation in SBF relative to pristine diopside, while maintaining reasonable hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation capability. In contrast, materials with higher molybdite content exhibited lower hardness and bioactivity. The variation in the mechanical and bioactive performance could be attributed to the presence of bulk CaMoO4, acting as a reinforcement, and rod-like MgSiO3 with a highly porous and fragile structure. The trend of hardness is not consistent to the proportion of the component phases could be attributed to morphologies, interfaces, and densities of the samples. Both of secondary phases had poorer HAp deposition compared to pure diopside, indicating the MoO3 addition lowered mixed phase CaMgSi2O6 – MoO3 bioceramics’ ability to form Hap. The results suggest that moderate addition of molybdite to diopside would be an effective pathway towards crystalline bioceramics with enhanced performance.  相似文献   
4.
The influence of low content of sintering aids addition on the properties of β-SiC sintered by spark plasma sintering was studied based on X-ray diffraction and SEM observations. Three dopants, respectively Al2O3, Al2O3-Y2O3 and Al2O3-AlN were chosen, and the investigation was undertaken in the [0.5–5 wt%] content range. The analyses revealed the possibility to increase the density of sintered pellets close to 100% of theoretical density (T.D.), even with the addition of very low sintering aids contents, as low as 0.5 wt%, for each dopant. The combination with high sintering pressure allowed keeping a fine microstructure and a pristine cubic crystalline structure while avoiding the formation of secondary phases.  相似文献   
5.
多尺度海绵城市系统雨洪控制研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
雨水的开放性与流动性使城市洪涝灾害的产生具有多尺度特征,海绵城市系统中也存在多种规划建设层级与尺度,且各层级尺度下的规划建设内涵与雨洪控制目标各不相同。本文基于SWMM模型,以位于广州市的三个不同空间尺度区域(局域集水单元、城市汇水区、城区小流域)为研究对象,通过现状解析、海绵改造方案设计与模拟的方式,对不同尺度海绵系统雨洪控制措施的合理设置,以及实现城市排水治涝与海绵城市建设的综合控制目标进行系统性实例研究。研究结果表明:在小尺度海绵系统中应通过微观控制措施实现系统径流、出流要素控制,在中、大尺度海绵系统中应通过兼顾绿色与灰色基础设施、管渠与调蓄设施、源头与终端结合的控制措施,分别实现流量峰值的控制与积水情况的缓解。研究可为海绵城市的统筹规划建设及不同单一尺度区域的海绵城市规划设计与研究提供明晰的参考。  相似文献   
6.
Aqueous rechargeable Zinc (Zn)–polymer batteries are promising alternatives to prevalent Li-ion cells in terms of cost, safety, and rate capability but they suffer from limited specific capacity in addition to poor environmental adaptability. Herein, air and light are successfully utilized from external environments in single near-neutral two-electrode Zn batteries to enable remarkably improved electrochemical performance, fast self-charging, and switchable multimode-operation from Zn–polymer to Zn–air cells. This system is enabled by a well-designed polyaniline-nanorod-array based “all-in-one” cathode combining reversible redox capability, oxygen reduction activity, and photothermal-responsiveness. The initiative design allows perfect integration of multiple energy harvesting from ambient “air” and light, energy conversion, and storage in one single cathode. Thus, it can act as an efficient light-assisted electrically-rechargeable Zn–polymer cell featuring the highest specific capacity of 430.0 mAh g−1 among all existing polymer cathodes. Without external power sources, it can be self-charged to deliver a high discharging capacity of 363.1 mAh g−1 by concurrently harvesting chemical energy from air and light energy for only 20 min. It can also switch to a light-responsive Zn–air battery mode to surmount the output capacity limit of Zn–polymer battery mode for continued electricity supply.  相似文献   
7.
Nitrogen oxide (NOx) is one of the major air pollutants. Using a copper-based zeolite with a chabazite structure (CHA) as a catalyst, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology can effectively remove NOx. This work introduces a low silica CHA type zeolite with structural defects (zeolite Phi, with Si/Al of 4.7). The zeolite Phi is synthesized through a hydrothermal method without adding any template, which is low-cost and environment-friendly. The Cu-exchanged Phi is abundant of surface acidity and isolated Cu2+, showing a superior low-temperature activity, a wide work temperature window and a good hydrothermal stability. The presence of Na or Mg decreases the surface acidity and isolated Cu2+. The hydrothermally aged Na,Cu/Phi and Mg,Cu/Phi present different levels of framework collapse, which correspondingly induces catalyst deactivation.  相似文献   
8.
This paper analyses the residential mobility of China’s rural–urban migrants in light of evidence from Yangzhou, a medium-sized city in Jiangsu province. To evaluate the effects of forced moves induced by demolition-led redevelopment, these outcomes are compared to those of voluntary moves. The evaluation is specifically concerned with dwelling attributes and location characteristics. Dwelling attributes consist of tenure and housing facilities, while commuting distance, distance to the city centre and the length of a child’s trip to school comprise the location characteristics. Logistic regression of data from a 2012–2013 survey shows that a voluntary relocation and the intention to move prior to notification of intended demolition are likely to result in positive outcomes. The migrants’ relocation strategy involves making a trade-off between better dwelling attributes and a better location. When housing improvement is their major concern, they tend to move to peripheral areas. However, it seems that children’s educational opportunities are being factored into the trade-off. In that case, migrants purchase an apartment in a specific school district or at least move closer to it. For the sake of their children, they relegate other motives to second place.  相似文献   
9.
Video streaming, one of the most popular technologies for online video playback, has already been applied to 4G LTE networks. Previous work has been devoted to understanding the power consumption in general 4G LTE networks, while it is still unclear how the online video streaming makes impact on the power performance of mobile devices. Inspired by this, this paper investigates the relationship between the mobile device’s power performance characteristics and the behaviours of video streaming in 4G LTE networks. There are many natural issues/questions that are clearly interesting and important, while it is non-trivial to answer these issues/questions exactly (e.g., where is the energy saving room? how much is it?). To address a series of issues like the above, we formulate our energy models together with an algorithm that can assist our analysis. Particularly, we design a systematic platform, and conduct a comprehensive and also deep analysis on the power consumption of video streaming in 4G LTE networks. Our experiments reveal us a series of valuable findings—the saving room in the network part is large (from 41.86 to 69.62%), the number of RRC tails and the transmission pattern could be promising for optimizing the power consumption, for example.  相似文献   
10.
通过气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS),对油茶籽油的脂肪酸成分进行分析,油茶籽油中主要的脂肪酸成分为棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸等,其中不饱和脂肪酸成分达80%以上。以大豆分离蛋白和麦芽糊精作为壁材,采用喷雾干燥的方式对油茶籽油进行微胶囊化制备研究。通过单因素和正交实验,考察了乳化温度、复合壁材配比、壁材浓度以及壁芯材配比等因素对微胶囊包埋率的影响,优化出油茶籽油微胶囊制备的最佳工艺条件为:乳化温度为75℃,大豆分离蛋白和麦芽糊精的配比为0.6,壁材浓度为13%,壁芯材比例为1.5:1。在上述条件下,制备的油茶籽油微胶囊的包埋率达83.83%。对油茶籽油微胶囊化产品进行相关检测和分析。扫描电镜(SEM)显示微胶囊化产品结构完整,具有较好的包埋效果。微胶囊的粒径通过马尔文激光粒度仪测定为8.43μm。  相似文献   
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