钼尾矿复合胶凝材料的制备及其水化机理研究

为了促进固体废弃物的资源化利用，解决尾矿堆积带来的环境、安全问题，并提供相应的理论依据，以钼尾矿为主要原料制备复合胶凝材料，通过粒度分析、力学性能测试、X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜 （SEM）等测试手段，研究了钼尾矿磨矿时间和掺量对胶凝材料性能的影响及复合胶凝材料的水化机理。结果表明：①当钼尾矿粉磨时间为80 min，比表面积为500 m2/kg，其28 d活性指数接近1.2；钼尾矿掺量为40% ，胶砂比为1∶3，水胶比为0.5时，所制备的复合胶凝材料胶砂块28 d抗压强度为52 MPa。②复合胶凝材料水化反应初期，主要生成水化硅酸钙和钙矾石，为胶砂块提供了早期强度，水化反应后期主要产物为C—S—H 凝胶、水化铝酸钙及钙矾石（AFt），尾矿残余颗粒及水化产物的凝聚效应为胶砂块强度提供了保障。     

超声波解冻对羊肉品质的影响

以20 ℃静水解冻组为对照，在相同水温条件下，研究不同超声波功率（120、180、240、300 W）对解冻 后羊肉品质的影响。结果表明：与对照组相比，超声波解冻组解冻时间显著缩短，解冻后羊肉红度值（a*）和嫩度 显著提高，180 W超声波解冻处理组羊肉黄度值（b*）最高（P＜0.05）；随着超声波功率的增加，解冻后羊肉的 汁液损失率显著增大（P＜0.05），pH值和亮度值（L*）显著降低（P＜0.05）；随着超声波功率的增加，解冻后羊 肉菌落总数显著降低（P＜0.05），其中180、240 W超声波处理组显著低于120 W处理组（P＜0.05）。综合分析可 知，超声波解冻与静水解冻相比显著提高了羊肉的解冻速率和羊肉新鲜度，且对羊肉的脂肪酸组成和相对含量没有 显著影响，但超声波解冻后羊肉肉色偏暗，解冻汁液流失率偏高。240 W超声波解冻对羊肉品质的负面影响最小， 因此选择240 W作为羊肉最佳解冻功率。     

不同干燥方式对马铃薯全粉糊化特性、风味及薯粉面包品质的影响

为研究不同干燥方式对马铃薯全粉糊化特性及马铃薯面包品质的影响,在鲜马铃薯切片处理后,分别采用漂烫后干燥、蒸后干燥及真空冷冻干燥方式制备马铃薯全粉。测定了不同马铃薯全粉的糊化特性、风味特征、马铃薯全粉占比20%制备的薯粉面团的粉质特性及薯粉面包的质构与感官特性。结果表明:冻干粉的糊化温度最高,为70.1 ℃;蒸干粉的回生值和崩解值最低,分别是284.6和866.3 mPa·s。电子鼻可很好的区分3种不同干燥方式制得马铃薯全粉的气味,其中蒸干粉电子鼻检测响应值最大,风味最浓。添加蒸干粉对面团破坏性最小,其弱化度为65 FU;添加蒸干粉的面包硬度最低,而弹性与比容最大;采用蒸干粉制作马铃薯面包的感官评分最高。     

正压给水的主排水泵启动特性仿真分析研究

峰峰集团某矿排水系统在采用正压给水方式后主排水泵泵效明显提高,为了研究排水系统的启动特性,利用Flowmaster软件建立了离心泵串联系统模型。根据水力机械试验室的设备参数进行了仿真,分析了正压给水条件下主泵定量启动前由单泵和双泵组成的排水系统特性。在此基础上,得到了离心泵瞬时启动转速和功率的特性曲线。结果表明,在正压给水条件下,主泵启动功率的影响基本消除,主泵功率达到稳定值的时间缩短。提高了主排水泵的效率,提高了排水系统的综合效率。     

沙棘籽油微胶囊的制备及氧化稳定性评价

沙棘籽油是一种富含不饱和脂肪酸的功能性油脂,容易氧化变质。本文将添加天然抗氧化剂与微胶囊制备技术相结合,改善沙棘籽油的氧化稳定性,延长货架期。首先测定了沙棘籽油的组成成分,然后以沙棘籽油为芯材,添加经过筛选的天然抗氧化剂L-AP,以辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠,酪蛋白酸钠及麦芽糊精等为壁材制备沙棘油微胶囊,并通过65 ℃烘箱加速保藏实验评价其氧化稳定性。结果表明:沙棘籽油中不饱和脂肪酸含量占总脂肪酸的80.6%±2.10%;制备沙棘籽油微胶囊的最佳配方为辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠15%、酪蛋白酸钠5%、麦芽糊精5%、抗性糊精30%、甘蔗浓缩汁10%、沙棘籽油30%、异麦芽酮糖5%,并添加3 g/L三聚磷酸钠,包埋率高达91.8%±1.59%;65 ℃烘箱加速保藏实验结果表明,添加抗氧化剂并制备微胶囊能有效提高沙棘籽油的氧化稳定性。     

Non-singular antiplane fracture theory within nonlocal anisotropic elasticity

In the present paper, the distributed dislocation technique is applied for the analysis of anisotropic materials weakened by cracks. Eringen's theory of nonlocal elasticity of Helmholtz type is employed. The non-singular screw dislocation within anisotropic elasticity is distributed to model cracks of mode III. The corresponding dislocation density functions are evaluated using the proper crack-face boundary conditions. The nonlocal stress field within a plane weakened by cracks is determined. The crack opening displacement is also discussed within the framework of nonlocal elasticity. The stress singularity of the classical linear elasticity is removed by the introduction of the nonlocal theory of elasticity. The general anisotropic case and the special case of orthotropic material are studied. The effect of material orthotropy is presented for a crack which is not necessarily aligned with the principal orthotropy direction.     

A novel synthesis method for manganese ferrite nanopowders: The effect of manganese salt as inorganic additive in electrosynthesis cell

Manganese ferrite nanoparticles were electro-crystallized in an electrochemical cell containing two iron electrodes, and an electrolyte solution of sodium sulfate, sodium butanoate, and manganese sulfate hydrate. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, magnetometry, and Mössbauer spectroscopy methods. The crystal structure of the samples was studied using X-ray diffraction. Based on obtained results we found that the manganese ferrite nanoparticles are formed in the electrochemical cell containing 0.001 M manganese sulfate hydrate. Also, the formation of a paramagnetic secondary phase in the sample without manganese is suppressed by adding manganese salt in the electrochemical cell. The nanoparticle size, shape, and morphology were characterized using electron microscopy. Magnetization curves show that all samples are magnetically soft and their specific magnetization ranges from 15 A m² kg⁻¹ to 75 A m² kg⁻¹, depending on the growth conditions. Room temperature Mössbauer spectra confirm the formation of nonstoichiometric spinel ferrite of magnetite or manganese ferrite, again depending on the growth conditions. Based on Mössbauer analysis, reduction in the population of octahedral sites provides direct evidence for the presence of the manganese ions substitution in the octahedral sites.     

Estimation of fatigue crack growth behavior for small-sized C-shaped inside edge-notched tension (CIET) specimen using compliance technique

Being restricted by the relative larger size requirement, traditional and standard fracture specimens are not applicable for the estimation of fatigue crack growth behavior of some very finite-sized components and precious materials. This study develops a small-sized C-shaped inside edge-notched tension (CIET) specimen which has an advantage of specimen minimization and a wide range of adaptability. A systemic compliance technique for estimating fatigue crack growth behavior of CIET specimen has been successfully constructed and experimentally verified. Groups of fatigue crack propagation rate tests of both CIET specimen and CT specimen for 5083-H112 aluminum alloy were carried out. The resulted da/dN ∼ ΔK curves are heavy affected by specimen configuration and load ratio, and the difference between these da/dN ∼ ΔK curves has been successfully removed by introducing the correction of plasticity-induced crack closure effect. Consequently, the feasibility of CIET specimen for estimating fatigue crack propagation behavior for small-sized components and precious materials has been evidently confirmed.     

Preparation of Bi2Ti2O7/TiO2 nanocomposites and their photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation

To improve visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of TiO₂, the octahedral Bi₂Ti₂O₇ nanoparticles have been successfully supported on TiO₂ nanotubes (Bi₂Ti₂O₇/TiO₂) for the first time by a simple hydrothermal method. The structure and electro-optical property of the Bi₂Ti₂O₇/TiO₂ were characterized in detail. The obtained Bi₂Ti₂O₇/TiO₂ exhibited a markedly enhanced photocatalytic activity and good stability for degradation of organic pollutants under visible light. The study presents a new way to synthesize Bi₂Ti₂O₇/TiO₂ using TiO₂ nanotubes as both supporter and reactant.