Phytic acid-assisted fabrication of superhydrophilic Ru 3D electrode for electrocatalytic hydrogenation of p-Nitrophenol

A superhydrophilic Ru-based 3D electrode, denoted as Ru-PA/NF, was fabricated under the assistance of phytic acid (PA) for electrocatalytic hydrogenation of p-Nitrophenol. PA serves as a multifunctional modulator to facilitate the dispersion of active Ru species in porous nickel foam (NF), meanwhile enhance the surface wettability as well as adjust the micromorphology. In alkaline media, the Ru-PA/NF electrode shows the PNP conversion of 94.68% and the PAP selectivity of 99% after 9 h, accompanied by the faraday efficiency (FE) of 73.15%. Over the superhydrophilic Ru-PA/NF the rate constant of PNP conversion into PAP is 2.62-times higher than that over the hydrophobic Ru/NF prepared without the aid of PA, and FE of Ru-PA/NF is 1.28-times higher than Ru/NF. This can be ascribed to intriguing features of Ru-PA/NF involving higher Ru loading, more exposed sites, superior electrolyte wetting along with faster charge transfer rate.     

Solution plasma-assisted preparation of highly dispersed NiMnAl-LDO catalyst to enhance low-temperature activity of CO2 methanation

In this work, the solution plasma-assisted method was used to prepare NiMnAl-LDO (layered double oxides) catalysts with different treatment times, which were used for the CO₂ methanation reaction. Solution plasma treatment can enhance the dispersibility of the catalyst, create oxygen defects and improve the chemical adsorption capacity of the catalyst. The results show that the low-temperature activity of the catalyst has been improved after the solution plasma treatment. We demonstrate that the NiMnAl-LDO-P(20) catalyst with high dispersion has the highest catalytic activity in CO₂ methanation (81.3% CO₂ conversion and 96.7% CH₄ selectivity at 200 °C). Even though working for 70 h, the catalyst is still highly stable. This work provides a great promise for improving the low-temperature activity of Ni-based catalysts.     

阿魏酸对粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌产酪胺机制的影响

研究阿魏酸对高产酪胺的粪肠球菌XL-M66和屎肠球菌XL-M76生长、基因表达以及产酪胺的影响。利用反转录实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应技术分析2株菌在阿魏酸作用下的酪氨酸脱羧途径相关基因表达情况,并使用高效液相色谱法检测2株肠球菌培养48 h期间酪胺积累量。结果表明:未添加酪氨酸底物时,阿魏酸对酪氨酸脱羧酶(tyrosine decarboxylase,tyrDC)和酪氨酸/酪胺透性酶(tyrosine/tyramine permease,tyrP)基因的转录影响不大(P0.05),但能促进酪氨酰-tRNA合成酶(tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase,tyrS)基因的转录(P0.05)。反之存在酪氨酸时,阿魏酸对tyrS基因表达的影响不大(P0.05),却能显著抑制tyrDC和tyrP基因的表达(P0.05)。同时,阿魏酸能显著抑制粪肠球菌XL-M66和屎肠球菌XL-M76的生长(P0.05),最终使得酪胺产量分别降低27.0%和19.9%。     

Synthesis of highly active and stable Pd/C catalysts toward HCOOH dehydrogenation by a simple NH3 adsorption method

Pd catalysts supported on activated carbon (Pd/C–NH₃) toward HCOOH dehydrogenation were prepared by a simple adsorption method using ammonia (NH₃) and Ar as the working gas. The results show that the TOF_initial of Pd/C–NH₃ was 459.8 h⁻¹ at 50 °C. When the reaction was carried out for 4 h, the HCOOH dehydrogenation ratio over Pd/C–NH₃ was about 81.2%, which was 1.15 and 1.13 times, respectively, as that of the as-prepared Pd/C catalyst without any treatment (Pd/C–As) and the Pd/C catalyst purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Pd/C-CM). The total amount of H₂ and CO₂ produced by using Pd/C–NH₃ to decompose HCOOH in the third cycle was 99.4% of the gas produced by the first reaction cycle, and 1.80 and 12.60 times, respectively, as that of Pd/C–As and Pd/C-CM. The characterization results indicated that the Pd active species in Pd/C–NH₃ migrated to the outer surface of the carbon support during the reaction, and the pore volume of the carbon support became larger, which were beneficial to the reaction. These factors made Pd/C–NH₃ exhibit excellent HCOOH dehydrogenation activity and stability. NH₃ adsorption is a simple and effective method for preparing high-performance Pd/C HCOOH dehydrogenation catalysts, and has important guiding significance for the preparation of other carbon supported noble metal catalysts.     

Scalable Yielding of Highly Stable Polyelectrolyte-Coated Copper Sulfide Nanoparticles by Flash Nanoprecipitation for Photothermal-Chemotherapeutics

Photothermal-chemotherapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention and becoming more widely used for cancer therapy in the clinic due to their noninvasiveness, notable tissue penetration abilities, and low systemic adverse effects. However, functional ligands are conventionally modified onto photothermal NPs to well stabilize the inorganic particles suffering from complex chemical modifications, low productivity, and batch-to-batch inconsistencies, and thus significantly restricting their clinical applications. Herein, flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) is taken advantage of to afford rapid and uniform mixing for generating local supersaturated CuS clusters for small and highly stable CuS NPs effectively stabilized by polyacrylic acid through a continuous strategy. It greatly reduces the complexity for CuS NPs synthesis and functionalization in a facile intensified mixing process. These as-synthesized particles are high-drug loading, scalable, and most importantly, it is easy to control their sizes and charges through external conditions. Toxicity and tumor inhibition experiments confirm the high cell toxicity and good suppression of tumor growth under near-infrared irradiation indicating a promising prospect of FNP in the large-scale and continuous yielding of highly stable and high-performing photothermal-chemotherapeutic NPs for cancer therapy.     

凉皮中金黄色葡萄球菌生长预测模型的建立

为了研究金黄色葡萄球菌在凉皮中的生长规律,通过测定5℃、10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃下金黄色葡萄球菌在凉皮中的生长数据,采用Baranyi模型、Modified Gompertz和Huang模型拟合金黄色葡萄球菌的生长曲线。比较3种模型的相关系数和参数,将一级模型得到的最大比生长速率(μmax)与迟滞期(λ)建立与温度相关的二级模型。实验表明,Modified Gompertz模型建立的一级模型的偏差因子(B_f)和准确因子(A_f)均在合理范围内。采用Modified Gompertz模型拟合的μmax和λ建立其与温度的平方根模型,拟合得到的R2为0.80和0.88,说明Modified Gompertz模型最适合拟合生长曲线,二级模型经方差分析显示方程显著,表明所建模型能有效预测金黄色葡萄球菌在凉皮中的生长情况。本研究为凉皮中金黄色葡萄球菌的定量风险评估提供理论依据。     

GC-MS分析使用不同提取工艺获得的沙枣花挥发性成分

这项研究采用水蒸气蒸馏法、有机溶剂浸提法、真空泵抽取吸附采集法、固相微萃取法以及超临界CO2萃取法对新疆沙枣花挥发油进行提取,并探讨不同提取方法对沙枣花挥发性化合物成分的影响。通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对沙枣花挥发油的化学成分进行分析鉴定,用峰面积归一法确定各组分的相对含量。共分离鉴定出139种化合物,其中共检测出烃类22种(占21.3%)、醛类10种(占1.38%)、酯类47种(占62.18%)、酮类7种(占0.6%)、醇类21种(占9.52%)、酸类14种(占1.86%)、苯环类7种(占1.66%)、酚类5种(占1.14%)、其它物质6种(占0.33%)。其中共有成分4种,分别是2,3-丁二醇、苯乙酸乙酯、苯乙醇、反式-肉桂酸乙酯。     

Dielectric response and energy storage efficiency of low content TiO2-polymer matrix nanocomposites

TiO₂/epoxy nanocomposites were prepared at different filler concentrations varying from 3 to 12 phr (parts per hundred resin per weight). The dispersion of TiO₂ was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy and proved to be adequate. Differential Scanning Calorimetry was implemented to determine the glass to rubber transition temperature of the polymer matrix. The dielectric analysis was performed via Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy in a wide frequency and temperature range. Five different mechanisms were observed in the spectra of the examined composites which are identified, in terms of increasing temperature at constant frequency, as γ, β, Intermediate Dipolar Effect (IDE), α and Interfacial Polarization (IP) relaxation modes. The activation energies of all relaxation modes were calculated. Finally, the dielectric response of the TiO₂ nanocomposites compared to that of the TiO₂ microcomposites reveals that the former exhibit significantly higher energy storage efficiency even at lower TiO₂ concentration than the corresponding of the microcomposites.     

新疆喀什地区维吾尔族母乳源双歧杆菌分离筛选及其益生特性分析

采用多重聚合酶链式反应指纹图谱结合16S rRNA基因测序技术对新疆喀什地区维吾尔族母乳分离的双歧杆菌进行鉴定和遗传差异分析,并检测常规生理生化和糖代谢表型特征,同时测试菌株对6种常见病原菌和3种母乳源条件致病菌的抑菌性能和对胃肠液的耐受性。结果显示,15份母乳样品中共分离15株双歧杆菌,测序结果将菌株归属于3个种以及2个亚种,包括8株假小链双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum)、2株短双歧杆菌(B. breve)、2株长双歧杆菌长亚种(B. longum subsp. longum)和3株长双歧杆菌婴儿亚种(B. longum subsp.infantis)。抑菌实验表明,15株测试菌株中,隶属于B.pseudocatenulatum的4株菌MY92、MY75-1、MY72、MY81的抑菌谱更广,抑菌能力更强;胃肠液耐受性实验表明菌株MY92无论在模拟胃液还是模拟肠液中存活率均最高,分别达到20.37%和0.302%。基于以上描述特性,MY92作为一株有效的益生菌株,具有潜在的利用价值,为后期进一步作为防止婴幼儿腹泻辅助制剂的开发提供参考。