基于参数优化AdaBoost算法的酸性火山岩岩性分类

岩性识别是火山岩油气藏勘探的基础，为提高长岭气田火山岩岩性识别的准确率，采用决策树、支持向量机、逻辑回归、AdaBoost-决策树、AdaBoost-支持向量机和AdaBoost-逻辑回归6种算法，对研究区酸性火山岩岩性进行分类与识别。通过分析研究区火山岩不同岩性的测井响应特征，选取了对火山岩岩性、组构和孔隙结构反应灵敏的12种岩石物理测井参数作为分类特征量。选择3口井中岩心分析和岩矿录井资料完整的7 150个测井数据作为数据集，并从中随机选取70 % 的数据作为训练集建立岩性识别模型，剩余30 % 的数据作为测试集。对6种算法建立的模型通过交叉验证进行参数优化及模型评价，对比不同算法与录井剖面的结果表明，AdaBoost-决策树算法可作为长岭气田利用常规测井资料识别火山岩岩性的有效手段，准确率可达90 % 以上。     

R-AdaBoost带钢表面缺陷特征选择算法

带钢表面缺陷形式的复杂多变给特征的选择带来了困难,为此,提出一种融合特征筛选和样本权值更新的R-Ada Boost特征选择算法。该算法在Ada Boost算法的每个循环中通过Relief算法进行特征的筛选与降维,通过筛选后的特征利用样本的类内类间差去除噪声样本,然后根据Ada Boost的动态权值更新样本库,再利用每个循环优化选择得到的最优特征与弱分类器级联成最终的Ada Boost强分类器,进行带钢表面缺陷的检测与定位。实验结果表明,针对带钢实际生产线上的划痕、褶皱、山脉、污点等多种缺陷,该算法可以有效提取出具有高区分性和独立性的特征,同时提高了缺陷检测算法的准确率。     

基于AdaBoost BP神经网络的无参考图像质量评价的研究

提出了一种利用相关梯度特征和AdaBoost 反向传播神经网络的无参考图像质量评价方法。首先利用高斯滤波器得到水平和竖直的方向导数,然后提取相关的梯度特征,其次计算其直方图方差特征,然后训练BP神经网络得到弱分类器并利用AdaBoost算法获得最终的强分类器,最后利用得到的强分类器预测图像质量分数。实验结果表明,方法评价的结果合理、鲁棒性强、实行性好,符合人类视觉特性,并且与主观评分有较好的一致性,取得了很好的评价效果。     

Real‐Time License Plate Detection in High‐Resolution Videos Using Fastest Available Cascade Classifier and Core Patterns

We present a novel method for real‐time automatic license plate detection in high‐resolution videos. Although there have been extensive studies of license plate detection since the 1970s, the suggested approaches resulting from such studies have difficulties in processing high‐resolution imagery in real‐time. Herein, we propose a novel cascade structure, the fastest classifier available, by rejecting false positives most efficiently. Furthermore, we train the classifier using the core patterns of various types of license plates, improving both the computation load and the accuracy of license plate detection. To show its superiority, our approach is compared with other state‐of‐the‐art approaches. In addition, we collected 20,000 images including license plates from real traffic scenes for comprehensive experiments. The results show that our proposed approach significantly reduces the computational load in comparison to the other state‐of‐the‐art approaches, with comparable performance accuracy.     

基于高斯混合模型和AdaBoost的夜间车辆检测

针对夜间车辆检测精度相对不高的问题，提出通过构建车头灯对空间几何关系的高斯混合模型（GMM）和采用逆投影车辆样本的AdaBoost分类器准确检测夜间车辆的方法。首先，在交通场景中根据车头灯对的空间位置关系设置逆投影面，通过图像预处理粗定位车灯区域；其次，在逆投影图像下利用车头灯对的空间几何关系构建车灯对的高斯混合模型，初步匹配车头灯对；最后，采用逆投影车辆样本，利用AdaBoost分类器进一步准确检测车辆。实验在3个交通场景的检测结果表明，与原始图像下的AdaBoost方法相比，所提方法的检测率提高了1.93%，漏检率降低了17.83%，误检率降低了27.61%；与D-S （Dempster-Shafer）证据理论方法相比，检测率提高了2.03%，漏检率降低了7.58%，误检率降低了47.51%。所提方法提高了相对检测精度，减少了地面反光和影子等的干扰，满足交通场景中夜间车辆检测的可靠性和准确性的要求。     

Stock trend prediction based on a new status box method and AdaBoost probabilistic support vector machine

Stock trend prediction is regarded as one of the most challenging tasks of financial time series prediction. Conventional statistical modeling techniques are not adequate for stock trend forecasting because of the non-stationarity and non-linearity of the stock market. With this regard, many machine learning approaches are used to improve the prediction results. These approaches mainly focus on two aspects: regression problem of the stock price and prediction problem of the turning points of stock price. In this paper, we concentrate on the evaluation of the current trend of stock price and the prediction of the change orientation of the stock price in future. Then, a new approach named status box method is proposed. Different from the prediction issue of the turning points, the status box method packages some stock points into three categories of boxes which indicate different stock status. And then, some machine learning techniques are used to classify these boxes so as to measure whether the states of each box coincides with the stock price trend and forecast the stock price trend based on the states of the box. These results would support us to make buying or selling strategies. Comparing with the turning points prediction that only considered the features of one day, each status box contains a certain amount of points which represent the stock price trend in a certain period of time. So, the status box reflects more information of stock market. To solve the classification problem of the status box, a special features construction approach is presented. Moreover, a new ensemble method integrated with the AdaBoost algorithm, probabilistic support vector machine (PSVM), and genetic algorithm (GA) is constructed to perform the status boxes classification. To verify the applicability and superiority of the proposed methods, 20 shares chosen from Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) and 16 shares from National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASDAQ) are applied to perform stock trend prediction. The results show that the status box method not only have the better classification accuracy but also effectively solve the unbalance problem of the stock turning points classification. In addition, the new ensemble classifier achieves preferable profitability in simulation of stock investment and remarkably improves the classification performance compared with the approach that only uses the PSVM or back-propagation artificial neural network (BPN).     

Study on AdaBoost-based link quality prediction mechanism

The link quality was vulnerable to the complexity environment in wireless sensor network.Obtaining link quality information in advance could reduce energy consumption of nodes.After analyzing the existing link quality prediction methods,AdaBoost-based link quality prediction mechanism was put forward.Link quality samples in deferent scenarios were collected.Density-based unsupervised clustering algorithm was employed to classify training samples into deferent link quality levels.The AdaBoost with SVM-based component classifiers was adopted to build link quality prediction mechanism.Experimental results show that the proposed mechanism has better prediction precision.     

基于集成修剪的丁苯橡胶聚合转化率软测量

针对目前丁苯橡胶聚合转化率难以在线精确测量,不利于指导生产的问题,本文提出一种基于集成修剪的软测量方法用于丁苯橡胶聚合转化率的预测.首先采用bagging方法建立多个LS-SVM弱学习器,然后利用AdaBoost.RT方法对弱学习器进行修剪,最后将修剪出的弱学习器加权输出.该方法克服了集成算法需要存储空间大和预测时间长的缺点,并且在一定程度上改善了最小二乘支持向量机的稀疏性和鲁棒性问题.仿真结果表明,聚合转化率预报绝对误差大于1.5样本的比例小于10%,能够满足实际生产要求,可以作为过程信息用于丁苯橡胶聚合过程的优化控制.     

原煤识别模式在煤炭产量计量系统中的应用

为了准确计算煤矿的产量,需要把煤矸石的量减掉,针对这个问题,研究了基于图像识别的煤矸石识别技术,从煤矸石与煤炭的样本数据中分离数据,最终完成煤矸石的识别系统。采用自适应增强算法（ AdaBoost 算法）对实现目标的检测达到了很好的效果,虽然原煤图像存在着多样性,受到遮挡、光照、视角等的影响,通过Ada-Boost算法对原煤数据库和非原煤数据库训练逐步提升原煤分类器性能,能成功实现原煤识别检测。论文中识别系统充分利用图像识别技术和人工智能思想,将机器学习引入煤矸石模型的建模环节,成功实现煤炭和煤矸石的区分。