基于区块链技术的公益时间银行系统

在现有的时间银行系统中，时间币的发行功能和结算功能完全集中到一个中心节点上。这种极度中心化的功能结构，不仅存在容易发生中心节点单点失效、数据容易被篡改等信息安全问题，还存在着时间币的发行和流通缺乏透明度以及时间币的结算依赖中心化的结算机构等问题。针对这些问题，提出了一种基于区块链技术的解决方法。首先，将时间币的发行功能和结算功能从中心节点上分离出来；然后，利用具有分布式去中心化、集体维护和不可篡改等特性的区块链技术，将分离出来的发行功能逐步去中心化，将分离出来的结算功能去中心化，形成公益时间链（PWTB）；最终，PWTB利用区块链技术以去中心化的方式将时间银行系统由单个节点维护账本变成由集体维护一个分布式的共享账本，使时间币的发行和流通公开透明，时间币的结算不依赖某个中心化的节点。安全分析表明所设计的PWTB能够实现安全的信息传输与存储，以及数据的共享。     

Assessment of SGS closure for isochoric combustion of hydrogen-air mixture

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) data of freely propagating turbulent premixed flame of stoichiometric hydrogen air mixture inside a closed vessel is analysed to study a sub-grid combustion closure based on unstrained flamelet approach. This modeling framework needs closures for the sub-grid scale (SGS) reaction rate and scalar dissipation rate. The results show that the closure models for these two SGS quantities work quite well. The dissipation rate closure involves a scale dependent parameter, ${\beta }_c$, which is related to the flame curvature induced effects. The reactivity of reactant mixture increases with time in isochoric combustion because the mixture temperature and pressure increase with time. This also influences the parameter ${\beta }_c$ and thus the dynamic evaluation of this parameter is investigated using the DNS data.     

Fiscal decentralization and regional disparities: The importance of good governance

In this paper we consider how government quality mediates the relationship between fiscal decentralization and regional disparities. Previous work has argued that fiscal decentralization has the potential to reduce income differences across regions but that this potential may not be realized because of governance problems associated with sub-national authorities. Our empirical evidence based on a sample of 24 OECD countries over the period 1984 to 2006 lends a measure of support to this idea. We find that fiscal decentralization promotes regional convergence in high government quality settings but, worryingly, it leads to wider regional disparities in countries with poor governance.     

试论大学学术分权与学术集权的调节机制

学术分权和学术集权是大学学术管理中一个矛盾的对立统一体，二之间的适度状态最有利于大学学术的发展，但如何做到适度？这需要在二之间建立适当的调节机制，由于受多种因素的影响，因而不存在普遍适用的调节机制。本主要对法德两国，英国，美国，日本等几种学术分权与学术集权的调节机制进行了比较分析，并得出一些对我国大学学术管理改革有益的启示。     

微网孤岛运行的分散自趋优控制策略

提出了一种适用于微网孤岛运行的分散自趋优控制策略,该策略无需微网中央控制器和通信系统即可实现系统的三次分层控制,包括分散一次控制、分散二次控制和分散三次控制。其中,一次控制沿用传统的线性下垂控制策略,保持了微网良好的线性动态特性;二次控制仅借助各台分布式发电机的输出端频率信息即可直接参与系统调频,使微网的频率能够维持在允许的范围内;三次控制采用考虑发电机成本的非线性下垂控制策略,使各台分布式发电机遵循等微增率准则,实现微网的优化运行。此外,通过设计不同时间常数的低通滤波器,使三次分层控制实现了动态解耦,使控制策略既能满足微网静态特性的要求,又具有良好的动态特性。最后,由仿真算例验证了所提控制策略的有效性。     

Evolution and challenges of DNS-based CDNs

DNS-based server redirecting is considered the most popular means of deploying CDNs. However, with the increasing use of remote DNS, DNS-based CDNs face a great challenge in performance degradation. To address this issue, encouraging progress has been made in both industry and research communities. In this article, state-of-art solutions for the remote DNS problem are discussed at first. Next, privacy concerns about DNS-based CDNs, including client location as well as redirection privacy, are identified and a representative solution is summarized. Finally, the solution is compared to those in prior works under different measures, and a discussion on DNS-based CDN applications is provided. A model is also established to deepen the understanding of CDN performance. We believe that this survey will shed light on the application of DNS-based CDNs, and it is expected to provide design guidelines to CDN service providers.     

互联网自治的改造实现

本文的自治互联网技术结合互联网现实,通过现有域名体系构造出自主自治的可扩展域名体系和层次结构,并提供自治网络系统内/间的域名解释机制,甚至可以单边行动的方式实现互联网自治的过渡和改造。     

新型壳聚糖/DNS杂化材料的制备及对重金属Pb2+的吸附性能研究

在乙醚介质中,通过丁二酸酐与γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷改性后的纳米SiO2(即可分散的纳米SiO2,简称DNS)反应,合成了羧基化的DNS,经过壳聚糖与羧基化的DNS脱水生成酰胺的过程,制备了壳聚糖/DNS杂化材料.通过红外光谱、扫描电镜和热重分析对杂化材料进行表征.研究了壳聚糖及杂化材料微粒吸附Pb2+时pH值、时间、用...     

多进程DNS服务器中通信方法的设计与实现

多进程技术是目前大型软件开发中降低复杂性的有效途径.针对BIND10服务器软件的开发提出一种基于安全socket的多进程通讯方法,其中包括一种多进程通信协议(MPCP),通讯接口CI和消息路由进程MRouter的设计.CI使用SSL协议来保障通信的安全性,MRouter使用消息寻址转发机制实现进程之间的点对点和点对多点通信.目前该设计已经在BIND10软件项目中应用并实现,能够完成各个进程模块的实时通讯、支持分布式部署、保证容错性和健壮性、便于扩展功能的实现等.     

集中与分散——我国城市老年住房发展模式探讨

文章从人口老龄化的时代背景出发,分析了我国城市老年住房发展概况,在面对诸如家庭结构的变化,养老观念的转变,住房保障制度的完善,以及老年住房供需矛盾突出等机遇与挑战时,从集中与分散的辩证关系探讨了未来我国城市老年住房的发展模式,并基于政府视角提出若干改善中国城市老年住房问题的应对性政策建议,使城市老年住房的发展达到让老年人"住有所居"。