一种外LET柔顺半铰的动力学建模与分析

对一种外LET柔顺半铰进行建模与动力学特性分析。采用斜率不连续的绝对节点坐标法（ANCF）建立了该柔顺半铰系统动力学方程；对外力作用下半铰中心线和外轮廓的运动变形进行仿真，与实验结果对比，证明了绝对节点坐标法对柔顺半铰动力学建模的有效性；进一步分析了半铰外形尺寸变化对其变形规律的影响。     

Bystander effect in human hepatoma HepG2 cells caused by medium transfers at different times after high-LET carbon ion irradiation

Although radiation-induced bystander effects have been well documented in a variety of biological systems, whether irradiated cells have the ability to generate bystander signaling persistently is still unclear and the clinical relevance of bystander effects in radiotherapy remains to be elucidated. This study examines tumor cellular bystander response to autologous medium from cell culture irradiated with high-linear energy transfer (LET) heavy ions at a therapeutically relevant dose in terms of clonogenic cell survival. In vitro experiments were performed using human hepatoma HepG2 cell line exposed to 100 keV/μm carbon ions at a dose of 2 Gy. Two different periods (2 and 12 h) after irradiation, irradiated cell conditioned medium (ICCM) and replenished fresh medium were harvested and then transferred to unirradiated bystander cells. Cellular bystander responses were measured with the different medium transfer protocols. Significant higher survival fractions of unirradiated cells receiving the media from the irradiated cultures at the different times post-irradiation than those of the control were observed. Even replenishing fresh medium for unirradiated cells which had been exposed to the ICCM for 12 h could not prevent the bystander cells from the increased survival fraction. These results suggest that the irradiated cells could release unidentified signal factor(s), which induced the increase in survival fraction for the unirradiated bystander cells, into the media sustainedly and the carbon ions triggered a cascade of signaling events in the irradiated cells rather than secreting the soluble signal factor(s) just at a short period after irradiation. Based on the observations in this study, the importance of bystander effect in clinical radiotherapy was discussed and incorporating the bystander effect into the current radiobiological models, which are applicable to heavy ion radiotherapy, is needed urgently.     

Comparison among Methods for Evaluating Dose Equivalent in Pulsed and Mixed Radiation Field

In order to ascertain the accuracy and applicability of the method which was developed in the previous paper for evaluating the dose equivalent in a single-burst and mixed radiation field, a comparison with two other ones has been carried out. One is based on the measurement of the neutron energy spectrum with TOF system and the separate measurement of the absorbed doses with twin chambers. In the other, a tissue-equivalent proportional counter is used for measuring the LET distribution of the absorbed dose. The average quality factor has been evaluated in a pulsed and mixed field generated by an electron linear accelerator. A good agreement has been found among these methods.

A problem about the experimental determination of the dose equivalent index has also been discussed. It was pointed out that the average quality factor as a function of the depth in tissue could be regarded as characteristic of the mixed radiation field.     

半导体器件内离子有效LET值测量方法研究

提出了一种基于电荷收集测试技术的离子有效LET值测量方法.首先对半导体器件内收集电荷量与入射离子有效LET值之间的关系进行了分析,根据二者之间的关系提出通过测量电荷收集量从而测量离子有效LET值的方法;然后建立了半导体器件电荷收集测试系统,利用PN结和SRAM对测量方法进行了验证;最后成功利用该方法解释了以往单粒子效应实验中出现的数据异常.     

一种基于LET预测和转发组成员数的优化组播路由协议

本文从综合考虑ODMRP协议转发组的有效性和健壮性出发,提出了一种基于LET(Link Expiration Time)预测和转发组成员数的组播路由协议LETFG-ODMRP(Optimal Multicast Protocol with LET and FGs based on ODMRP).LETFG-ODMRP通过对网络中传输路径保持连接时间LET的预测,得知路径的稳定度,然后结合考虑转发组成员数,建立一种新的路由选择标准PathMetric.采用此种路由选择标准,LETFG-ODMRP可调节权重在候选路由集中选择稳定或有效的传输路径构成转发组.模拟仿真结果证实LETFG-ODMRP提高了组播协议健壮性、有效性及自适应能力.     

LiF—TLD的响应对致电粒子LET的领带性初步实验研究

对LiF热释光探测器（TLD）的响应对致电离粒子的LET的依赖性进行了初步实验研究。用作实验研究的粒子主要是中子,包括热中子和由^7Li(p,n)^7Be、T(p,n)^3He核反应生成的中能中子、快中子（0．018－0．945MeV）及14MeV中子。实验结果表明：LiF(Mg、Cu、P)－TLD的响应对致电离粒子LET的依赖性是显著的。对于较高能量的中子,由LiF-TLD产生的热释光量仅与^6Li、^7Li在LiF-TLD中导致的吸收剂量相对应,这与某些文献的报道相一致。     

Radiation measured for ISS-Expedition 12 with different dosimeters

Radiation in low Earth orbit (LEO) is mainly from Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR), solar energetic particles and particles in South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). These particles’ radiation impact to astronauts depends strongly on the particles’ linear energy transfer (LET) and is dominated by high LET radiation. It is important to investigate the LET spectrum for the radiation field and the influence of radiation on astronauts. At present, the best active dosimeters used for all LET are the tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) and silicon detectors; the best passive dosimeters are thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) or optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) for low LET and CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors (PNTDs) for high LET. TEPC, CR-39 PNTDs, TLDs and OSLDs were used to investigate the radiation for space mission Expedition 12 (ISS-11S) in LEO. LET spectra and radiation quantities (fluence, absorbed dose, dose equivalent and quality factor) were measured for the mission with these different dosimeters. This paper introduces the operation principles for these dosimeters, describes the method to combine the results measured by CR-39 PNTDs and TLDs/OSLDs, presents the experimental LET spectra and the radiation quantities.     

以降低HTTP页面时延为目标的参数优化

移动网络结构日趋复杂,网络场景多样化,影响用户体验的因素也越来越难以判断。结合SEQ平台系统,通过调整上行调度算法参数中"上行HARQ最大传输次数"参数,增大UE配置的最大传输次数,提高数据包传输成功率,降低信道编码率,提高解码效果,以降低HTTP页面打开时延。通过试验区优化验证,该措施能有效降低HTTP页面的各项时延。     

Modification of polyethersulphone induced by high energy proton,C+, and Ne6+ ions: A spectroscopic study

Polyethersulphone (PES) was irradiated with 4 MeV proton, 3.6 MeV C⁺, and 145 MeV Ne⁶⁺ ions at different ion fluences. The linear energy transfer dependence on ion‐induced spectral changes was analyzed by ultraviolet–visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The gradual red shift with the increase in optical absorption was observed in the region of 350–500 nm for proton and 400–800 nm for C⁺ and Ne⁶⁺ ions irradiated PES. The gradual shift in absorption may be attributed to the formation of carbonaceous clusters. The gradual decrease in optical band gap indicates increase in cluster sizes. When PES was irradiated with protons, loss in fluorescence emission intensity at 440 nm was observed, although there was no change in spectral shape. In contrast, C⁺ and Ne⁶⁺ ion irradiated PES showed blue shift with concomitant loss in intensity and the formation of new peak at 575 nm. In fact, heavier ions are found to be more effective in inducing physicochemical modifications in PES. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1591–1597, 2006     

Radiolysis of Tributyl Phosphate by Particles of High Linear Energy Transfer

Tributyl Phosphate (TBP), used in chemical separation processes for used nuclear fuel, is susceptible to radiolysis causing losses in process performance. We have studied its degradation by exposing dry 1M TBP/n-dodecane solutions to gamma radiation from a cesium-137 source and in a mix of low and high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation by irradiating samples in the UC Irvine TRIGA^® reactor and utilizing the ¹⁰B(n,α)⁷Li reaction. In a 1 M solution of TBP in n-dodecane the degradation of TBP (G^?_TBP) was found to be 0.36 and 0.14 μmol/J for low and high LET radiation, respectively. The formation of dibutyl phosphoric acid, DBP, (G⁺_DBP) in this solution was found to be 0.18 and 0.047 μmol/J for low and high LET radiation, respectively. In samples exposed to low LET as well as a mix of low and high LET a variety of TBP degradation products containing phosphorus were observed indicating that other degradation products than DBP and the monobutyl diacid (MBP) were formed. Our results for both low and high LET radiation compare well with previous studies on these systems indicating that high LET degrades TBP to a lesser extent than gamma radiation. Available data for high LET is not as abundant as for low LET making such comparisons challenging. Nevertheless, our method yields a value for G⁺_DBP that agrees well with previous alpha radiolysis studies indicating that our method shows promise for studying high LET radiolysis in liquid-liquid extraction systems.