Influence of Sm and Cd co-substitutions on physical,magnetic, Mössbauer,electric, and dielectric properties of Co2X hexagonal ferrites in presence of a hematite phase

X-type samarium-cadmium co-substituted hexaferrite with compositions Ba_2-xSm_xCo₂Cd_yFe_28-yO₄₆ (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.08, and 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) were prepared at 1340 °C using a simple heat treatment technique. All heated samples were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, VSM, M?ssbauer, and low-frequency dielectric measurements. XRD analysis of prepared samples shows the formation of X as a major phase along with hematite. The M_S value varied from 67.01 Am²/kg to 50.43 Am²/kg; whereas the H_c value changed from 2.95 kA/m to 6.17 kA/m, A high value of M_S (67.01 Am²/kg) is observed in the pure sample, and a very low value of H_c (2.95 kA/m) is observed for x = 0.06, y = 0.3 compositions, but Mr/Ms < 0.5 confirm the multi-domain nature of prepared hexaferrites. Hysteresis loops of all samples are narrow, and confirmed that formed samples belong to magnetically soft. Mössbauer spectra of the three samples (S1, S3, and S5) show the existence of doublets. Significantly low values of coercivity, retentivity, and loss tangent in Sm–Cd substituted samples signified those prepared materials can be used to design electromagnets, transformer cores, electric motors, and maybe a potential candidate for lossless low-frequency applications.     

The phosphorescence emission in undoped lead-halide Cs4PbBr6 single crystals at low temperature

Recently, all-inorganic cesium lead-halide perovskites have shown their promise for light emission applications, due to the excellent optical performance. Herein, we report that the initially nonphosphorescent undoped lead-halide Cs₄PbBr₆ single crystals (SCs) exhibit an ultralong phosphorescence emission under X-ray excitation at low temperatures. It is shown that the dramatic change has been taken place in radioluminescence spectra and the broad-band emission gradually appeared with the decrease of temperature. Below 210 K, the radioluminescence spectra can be deconvoluted into one narrow peak located at 530 nm and two broad peaks centered at 595 nm and 672 nm respectively. Subsequently, the time-dependent radioluminescence spectra in undoped lead-halide Cs₄PbBr₆ SCs were investigated. The ultralong phosphorescence emission can persist over 120 min at 70 K. We consider that ultralong phosphorescence originates from defect-related emission. To the best of our knowledge, our finding is the first time that undoped Cs₄PbBr₆ SCs exhibit the phosphorescence emission, which will offer a paradigm to motivate revolutionary applications on perovskite.     

Influence of the Impaction Angle on the Triboelectric Charging of Aerosol Nanoparticles

A low pressure impactor is used to measure triboelectric charging behavior of metallic nanoparticles. Ag nanoparticles, produced by spark discharge, were impacted onto Pt sputtered targets. The influence of the impaction angle and impaction velocity on the triboelectric charging was investigated. While for perpendicular impaction the charge transfer behavior of previous work was confirmed, the oblique impaction revealed new phenomena. Additional charge transfer was observable, which increases with obliqueness. The possibility of mass transfer between particle and target due to the high-energy collisions was also investigated. SEM characterization and Auger spectroscopy indicate mass transfer from the particle to the target surface.     

Simultaneously achieving high energy-storage density and power density under low electric fields in NBT-based ceramics

Aiming at the problem that power density and energy density are difficult to obtain simultaneously under low field, a novel composition (1-x)Na_0·5Bi_0·5TiO₃-xBaZn_1/3Ta_2/3O₃((1-x)NBT-xBZT) was designed and fabricated via solid-state methods. With the addition of BZT, the crystal lattice, structural symmetry, grain size, and dense degree were all increased proved by XRD, Raman, and Archimedes drainage method et al. Because of the enhancement of relaxor behavior, the x=0.10 sample displayed a high permittivity ε_r of 2871±15% and a low dielectric loss tan δ ≤ 0.025 in the wide temperature range of 60–400 ^oC. This ceramic also showed maximum recoverable energy density W_d (2.07 J/cm³) with high efficiency η (71.5%) under a low field of 150 kV/cm. Moreover, pulse discharge testing proved that this ceramic possessed both a significant discharge energy density W_D (0.96 J/cm³) and a record high power density P_D (108.54 MW/cm³). This work provided a promising material for high power and energy applications.     

Effect of nanostructured grains in co-sputtered Ni-GDC thin-film anode on methane conversion kinetics for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells operating on nearly dry methane

Direct-methane solid oxide fuel cells (DMSOFCs) have recently attracted substantial attention due to their simplified system, reduced cost, and the direct availability of methane fuel obtained from natural gas. Among oxygen-ion conductive materials, doped-ceria such as gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) or samarium-doped ceria can be incorporated into Ni-based anodes to reinforce their coking resistance, enlarge their electrochemical reaction area, and improve the kinetics of the internal reforming/electrochemical oxidation of methane. To reduce the range of operating temperatures of DMSOFCs while maintaining their performance, the thin film deposition technique of magnetron sputtering was adopted in this work. An Ni-GDC thin-film anode and a Pt thin-film cathode were deposited on scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) electrolyte supports. This fuel cell was tested with directly supplied methane fuel (3% H₂O) at 500 °C. The results demonstrated the effects of the GDC volume fraction in the anode—which was controlled by co-sputtering power—on open circuit voltage and electrochemical performance. The co-sputtered Ni-GDC anode was able to survive through 36-h operation, although there was some performance degradation. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy results revealed no formation of filamentous carbon on the Ni catalysts, despite the fact that both X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy analyses detected carbon coking. The relatively high performance and resistance to carbon coking of co-sputtered thin-film anode were attributed to its intrinsic small grain size.     

Cd-substituted NiZnCo ferrite with high dielectric constant and low coercivity for high-frequency electronic devices

This work investigated the effect of replacing Zn²⁺ ions with Cd²⁺ ions on the microstructure and electromagnetic properties of NiZnCo ferrites. The studies show that the Cd²⁺ ions substituted for Zn²⁺ ions at the A sites (tetrahedral sites) of the ferrite lattice. The large ionic radius of the Cd²⁺ ions can cause lattice distortion. Concurrently, the low melting point of CdO can effectively reduce the sintering temperature of NiZnCo ferrite, thereby significantly changing the magnetoelectric properties of NiZnCo ferrite. These changes are mainly manifested as the decrease in the saturation magnetization (Ms) from 66.6 to 58.5 emu/g and the increase in coercivity (Hc) from 31.2 to 34.8 Oe. The dielectric constant increases considerably, dielectric loss tanδ gradually decreases from 4.71 to 0.83 at 10 kHz, and DC resistivity ρ decreases considerably from 8.0 × 10⁴ to 1.61 × 10⁴ Ω m. Therefore, the substitution of Cd²⁺ ions in NiZnCo ferrite provides excellent electrical and magnetic properties, which provide a reference for the development of high-frequency miniaturized electronic equipment.     

低功耗高性能的全MOS电压基准源设计

设计了一种基于亚阈值技术的全MOS电压基准源,采用共源共栅结构来增大PSRR,使用MOS管代替电阻,优化温度特性,使电路中大部分MOS管工作于亚阈值区。基于0.18μm CMOS工艺进行设计、版图绘制、和前、后仿真,在后仿真中得出相关参数值。对各参数做出详细分析,包括:一定温度范围内的温度系数;常温下基准输出电压;不同电源电压条件下的线性调整率、基准源静态电流及功耗,并对不同频率下的电源电压抑制比进行了对比。实验结果表明达到了低功耗高性能的设计目标。     

秋里塔格构造带盐下构造层变形特征及油气勘探潜力

秋里塔格构造带位于库车坳陷中部,受南天山造山作用的影响,发育一系列冲断构造,具明显的分层变形特征。依据地面露头和地震资料,秋里塔格构造带以古近系库姆格列木群及新近系吉迪克组膏盐岩为中心,可划分为盐上构造层、膏盐岩构造层和盐下构造层;受挤压作用,膏盐岩差异流动,在地表形成多排线性褶皱带,盐上构造层则发育逆冲推覆及反冲构造,而盐下构造层的变形特征主要受控于挤压应力和古生代古隆起,具有明显的分段性。中秋—东秋段位于新和—牙哈古隆起北坡,盐下构造层发育与克深构造带相似的冲断构造,可形成幅度高、规模较大的断背斜圈闭,油气勘探潜力大;佳木—西秋段位于温宿和西秋古生代古隆起之上,盐下构造层不发育冲断构造,盐下圈闭以低幅度断背斜和断块为主,规模不大,勘探潜力相对较小。     

Study of macromolecular interactions in low‐fat brined cheese modified with Zedu gum

The functionality of Zedu gum as a fat mimetic in low‐fat brined cheese was studied. The physicochemical, textural, rheological, microstructural and sensory properties of cheese samples modified with 0.1% and 0.25% of Zedu gum were compared to those of control cheeses (low‐fat and full‐fat cheeses with no fat mimetic) during ripening. To obtain further information about the cheeses' structure and interactions between macromolecules (casein protein and Zedu gum), other parameters were analysed by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Incorporation of Zedu gum into low‐fat cheese caused an open microstructure and softer texture in comparison with the control low‐fat cheese. The thermal properties and FTIR spectra of the cheeses were influenced by both fat mimetic and ripening time. On days 1 and 60 of ripening time, the lower value of enthalpy of the low‐fat cheese with 0.25 g of Zedu gum/kg of milk (AS 0.25) in comparison with control low‐fat cheese could have been due to the electrostatic nature of the interactions between Zedu gum and casein protein. On both days, the FTIR spectrum of AS 0.25 showed a well separated absorption at 1746 cm^?1 possibly due to the formation of ester groups as a result of the interaction of the carbonyl groups in Zedu gum with the hydroxyl groups of some amino acids in casein.     

大斜度井段低沉没度工况排采泵阀动力学特性

目前对于煤系地层天然气井所配套有杆泵泵阀动力特性的研究,主要是移植和借鉴常规油气井抽油泵泵阀的分析方法,多针对油气井开采较高的沉没度,并没有考虑低沉没度和大斜度工况下的泵阀动力学和水力摩阻等参数的影响,也没有揭示水平井泵阀顺利开启所需要的具体条件。为此,综合考虑低沉没度和大斜度等因素耦合的影响,推导造斜段泵阀随井液运动微分方程组,建立有杆泵井液流经泵阀阀隙水力摩阻数学模型,基于数值模拟的方法研究了水平井泵阀动力学、水力摩阻与临界沉没度。研究结果表明:①低沉没度和大斜度耦合作用下,增大冲程和冲次会提高造斜段泵阀阀球的升程、速度和加速度,缩短加速度趋向平缓所用的时间,并且水平井泵阀开启瞬间阀球会出现短暂的周期性波动;②受弹簧力与阀球重力的双重作用,水平井有杆泵的临界沉没度明显低于直井工况且固定阀球伴随弹簧快速复位,这有利于顺利开启水平井的游动阀球和固定阀球并提高泵效;③增大冲程、冲次和泵径会使水平井有杆泵井液流经泵阀水力摩阻及其临界沉没度变大,并且增大冲程更有利于提高低流速井液入泵流速,但同时也会显著地提高临界沉没度。结论认为,该研究成果对于保障煤系地层天然气井连续稳定排采和提高有杆泵的可靠性都具有重要的参考意义。