Defect Engineering of MOF-Based Membrane for Gas Separation

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly versatile materials that have been identified as promising candidates for membrane-based gas separation applications due to their uniformly narrow pore windows and virtually unlimited structural and chemical features. Defect engineering of MOFs has opened new opportunities for manipulating MOF structures, providing a simple yet efficient approach for enhancing membrane separation. However, the utilization of this strategy to tailor membrane microstructures and enhance separation performance is still in its infancy. Thus, this summary aims to provide a guideline for tailoring defective MOF-based membranes. Recent developments in defect engineering of MOF-based membranes will be discussed, including the synthesis strategies for defective MOFs, the effects of defects on the gas adsorption properties, gas transport mechanisms, and recently reported defective MOF-based membranes. Furthermore, the emerging challenges and future prospects will be outlined. Overall, defect engineering offers an exciting opportunity to improve the performance of MOF-based gas membranes. However, there is still a long way to go to fully understand the influence of defects on MOF properties and optimize the design of MOF-based membranes for specific gas separation applications. Nonetheless, continued research in this field holds great promise for the development of next-generation membrane-based gas separation technologies.     

(CoFe)Se2@NC超级电容器电极材料的制备及其电化学性能

金属-有机框架(MOF)衍生的过渡金属硒化物和多孔碳纳米复合材料具有巨大的储能优势,是应用于电化学储能的优良电极材料。采用共沉淀法制备CoFe类普鲁士蓝(CoFe-PBA)纳米立方,并通过静电组装在CoFe-PBA上包覆聚吡咯(PPy)得到CoFe-PBA@PPy;通过在400℃氮气中退火并硒化成功制备了氮掺杂的碳(NC)包覆(CoFe)Se₂的(CoFe)Se₂@NC纳米复合材料,并对其结构和形貌进行了表征。以(CoFe)Se₂@NC为电极制备了超级电容器,测试了其电化学性能,结果表明,在电流密度1 A/g时超级电容器的比电容达到1047.9 F/g,在电流密度5 A/g下1000次循环后具有良好的循环稳定性和96.55%的比电容保持率。由于其性能优越、无毒、成本低和易于制备,未来(CoFe)Se₂@NC纳米复合材料在超级电容器中具有非常大的应用潜力。     

GraftFast Surface Engineering to Improve MOF Nanoparticles Furtiveness

Controlling the outer surface of nanometric metal–organic frameworks (nanoMOFs) and further understanding the in vivo effect of the coated material are crucial for the convenient biomedical applications of MOFs. However, in most studies, the surface modification protocol is often associated with significant toxicity and/or lack of selectivity. As an alternative, how the highly selective and general grafting GraftFast method leads, through a green and simple process, to the successful attachment of multifunctional biopolymers (polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hyaluronic acid) on the external surface of nanoMOFs is reported. In particular, effectively PEGylated iron trimesate MIL‐100(Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit suitable grafting stability and superior chemical and colloidal stability in different biofluids, while conserving full porosity and allowing the adsorption of bioactive molecules (cosmetic and antitumor agents). Furthermore, the nature of the MOF–PEG interaction is deeply investigated using high‐resolution soft X‐ray spectroscopy. Finally, a cell penetration study using the radio‐labeled antitumor agent gemcitabine monophosphate (³H‐GMP)‐loaded MIL‐100(Fe)@PEG NPs shows reduced macrophage phagocytosis, confirming a significant in vitro PEG furtiveness.     

基于CIM的嵌入式管理系统开发

为解决嵌入式环境下系统集成度的增加给管理和维护带来的困难,提出了基于通用信息模型的嵌入式管理系统方案。该模型提出创建通用模型的思想,它对各种设备的模型做出了规范,并对这些模型的管理操作进行标准化,因此,基于这种模型的管理系统和各种设备模型就具备了很好的扩展性和通用性。通过把通用信息模型的思想应用到嵌入式环境,对各个模块对象进行标准建模,以达到易于管理的目的。最后,实例应用结果表明了该方案的可行性。     

一个利用模型驱动体系结构技术的分布式系统实现

模型驱动体系结构(ModelDrivenArchitecture)的提出是OMG对于分布式互操作问题提供的一条新的解决途径。该文对MDA的产生背景、核心技术以及互操作模型框架作了深入剖析。以此为基础,在一个软件系统的开发中应用了MDA和核心技术收到了良好的效果。获得了应用MDA的实践经验。     

Surface-effect on detection ability of fluorescent Eu(btc) metal-organic frameworks to metal ions

Eu(btc)metal organic frameworks(MOFs)were prepared by co-precipitation method via 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acids(H3btc)connecting with Eu³⁺ions,and the morphology was controlled from compact spherical to irregular honeycomb by adjusting the pH of reaction solutions.The luminescence properties of Eu(btc)MOFs are found to be related to the surface morphology of products,and the compact spherical one performs stronger emission intensity.The sensing ability of Eu(btc)MOFs to 11 kinds of metal ions was investigated and a prominent quenching effect occurrs in Fe³⁺,or Ni²⁺solutions.Based on UV—vis absorption analysis,an“ion-fence”model presents the competition to absorb exciting light between Eu(btc)MOFs and adsorbed metal ions.Based on Stern-Volmer equation,the Eu(btc)detection is found with higher Ksv value and a lower detection limit.Meanwhile,a higher sensing efficiency is confirmed in the Eu(btc)MOFs with loose honeycomb due to aggravating porous surface offering much more sites for metal ions.     

一种Java语言图形编程工具的设计与实现

提出一种用于Java语言的图形编程工具的设计方法.它基于元建模机制设计图形编程语言,采用模型-视图-控制器(MVC)构架模式实现图形编辑器,并设计代码转换器完成从图形代码到对应文本代码的等价转换.通过在机器人编程游戏中的实际使用,证明其满足实际需要,大大提高图形编程语言的设计效率,增强了图形编辑器的可维护性与可复用性.这种设计方法也可以用来设计其他语言的图形编程工具.     

微结构掺镱双包层光纤的研究

近年来掺健光纤激光器的研究有了较大发展,出现了用于高功率光纤激光器的双包层掺镱光纤(DCYDF)。双包层掺镱光纤的纤芯作为单模波导用于传输信号光。．内包层设计为多模波导用于传输泵浦光。由于微结构光纤具有可控的周期性折射率并且其模场面积可通过结构参数的调整而加以控制．因此这类光纤在光纤激光器和放大器中有着广泛的应用前景。文章作者根据高功率光纤激光器的性能要求．设计和制备了内包层为D形和六边形的微结构掺镱双包层光纤。     

NiCoLDH nanosheets grown on MOF-derived Co_3O_4 triangle nanosheet arrays for high-performance supercapacitor

Hierarchical Co₃O₄@NiCoLDH nanosheets(NSs)were prepared on carbon cloth through a multistep method,containing Metal-organic frameworks(MOF)-templated thermal annealing and electrodeposition.The triangle-shaped Co₃O_(4 NSs)were firstly obtained by thermal treatment of MOF templates in air.Then,ultrathin NiCoLDH_NSswere in-situ electrodeposited on the surface of Co₃O_4NSs,constructing a core-shell structure.Benefiting the unique hierarchical structure,high conductivity of Co₃O_(4 NSs)core and large surface area of NiCoLDHNSs shell,the Co₃O₄@NiCoLDH_NSsarray served as supercapacitor electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical properties,such as high specific capacitance of 1708 F g^-1(850 C g^-1)at a current density of 1 A g^-1,good rate capability,and excellent cycling stability.Further,the asymmetric supercapacitor assembled by Co₃O₄@NiCoLDH_NSsand activated carbon,also displays superior electrochemical perfo rmance with high energy density and power density.Remarkably,the strategy of constructing core-shell structure based on MOF templates could be extended to other electrochemical fields.     

MIL-100(Fe) Sub-Micrometric Capsules as a Dual Drug Delivery System

Nanoparticles of metal–organic frameworks (MOF NPs) are crystalline hybrid micro- or mesoporous nanomaterials that show great promise in biomedicine due to their significant drug loading ability and controlled release. Herein, we develop porous capsules from aggregate of nanoparticles of the iron carboxylate MIL-100(Fe) through a low-temperature spray-drying route. This enables the concomitant one-pot encapsulation of high loading of an antitumor drug, methotrexate, within the pores of the MOF NPs, and the collagenase enzyme (COL), inside the inter-particular mesoporous cavities, upon the formation of the capsule, enhancing tumor treatment. This association provides better control of the release of the active moieties, MTX and collagenase, in simulated body fluid conditions in comparison with the bare MOF NPs. In addition, the loaded MIL-100 capsules present, against the A-375 cancer cell line, selective toxicity nine times higher than for the normal HaCaT cells, suggesting that MTX@COL@MIL-100 capsules may have potential application in the selective treatment of cancer cells. We highlight that an appropriate level of collagenase activity remained after encapsulation using the spray dryer equipment. Therefore, this work describes a novel application of MOF-based capsules as a dual drug delivery system for cancer treatment.