Influence and comparison of emerging techniques of yarn manufacturing on physical–mechanical properties of polyester-/cotton-blended yarns and their woven fabrics

Abstract

In this study, the physical–mechanical properties of ring spun, ring compact, rotor and air-vortex yarns were investigated. The study was carried with yarn having linear densities of 24.4 tex and 36.7 tex, which were then converted to woven fabrics. The ring spun yarns have higher values of strength but also with higher strength irregularities. Extra-ordinarily low hairiness was observed in air-vortex yarns due to its unique yarn formation technique. The deviation rate (DR) of yarns have correlation with the mass spectrogram of respective yarns obtained from USTER Tester 5. Rotor and air-vortex yarns exhibited higher coefficient of friction. The woven fabrics made from ring spun yarns exhibited higher tensile and tear strength with higher elongation at break. The fabrics made from air-vortex yarns have very good pilling grade due to less protruding fibres on their surface and good structural integrity.     

Investigation of the ultimate particle size distribution of a carbonate sand

A series of ring shear tests were conducted to investigate the ultimate particle size distribution of a carbonate sand. The tests were carried out under different stress levels, on three types of specimens: 1) uniformly graded specimens made of dry natural sand 2) remoulded specimens of the crushed sand after first shearing to large strains 3) specimens made of natural sand grains but with the same grading as in (2). The first series of tests on type (1), carried out to very large strains, led to apparently stable gradings, distinct for each stress level. Only limited additional particle breakage could be induced by remoulding the specimens after shearing (type (2)) and subjecting them to more shearing. Tests on specimens created at the apparently stable gradings (type (3)) but from the intact sand particles however led to significantly greater breakage. For the three types a stable, fractal grading was achieved. Analyses of the soil particles’ shape showed that the aspect ratio, sphericity and circularity reach a steady value at large strains, in parallel to reaching a stable grading. The mobilized angle of shearing resistance however was not significantly different in the different types of samples, suggesting the final grading dominates the behaviour.     

基于LCP径向偏振光输出的掺镱MOPA脉冲光纤激光器

为实现光纤激光器径向偏振光的高效输出,提出并搭建了基于液晶聚合物(LCP)的纳秒脉冲掺镱(Yb)主振荡器功率放大(MOPA)系统。该系统采用空间相位转换法,利用LCP涡旋半波片将全光纤MOPA激光器输出的高峰值功率、窄线宽、线偏振、高斯形分布的纳秒脉冲信号转换为横向强度呈空心环状分布的拉盖尔-高斯光。MOPA激光器系统由窄线宽连续种子源、电光强度调制器和后续的5级YDF放大器组成,通过实验获得了20.1 W的稳定LP01模输出。而后的LCP涡旋波片用作空间模式转换器,最终获得的平均输出功率为19.5 W,脉宽为10 ns,重复频率为10 kHz,横向剖面呈规则空心环形的径向偏振光输出,模式转换效率可达97%。另外,通过PBS测量法测得径向偏振光的模式纯度约为88.5%,兼具高功率与高纯度的优势。     

北京市三环路内层间潜水的分布规律及动态

该文分析了北京市三环路内的土层分布规律、水文地质背景、地下水的赋存状态及其动态规律 ,将北京市三环路内的区域分成三个区 (A区、B区和C区 ) ,重点对A区的层间潜水含水层分布及水位动态进行了分析研究     

脆性材料有效爆破范围的试验研究

针对无底柱分段崩落法爆破中出现的问题，采用脆性材料对井下矿扇形炮孔爆破进行相似材料的模拟试验，试验揭示了扇形爆破的方向性与顺势破坏效应，可以指导矿山爆破优化设计，提高爆破能利用率，降低矿石贫化率。     

混凝土环收缩开裂试验研究及理论预测

为了揭示受约束混凝土内部的应力发展情况，以便更好地预测混凝土的开裂时间，本文在前人理论分析混凝土环收缩开裂的基础上，综合考虑了自由收缩、徐变、约束度和弹性模量等因素对混凝土环开裂的影响，推导出混凝土环应力公式。将混凝土环应力公式与最大抗拉应力破坏准则相结合，预测混凝土环开裂时间。预测得到的开裂时间与混凝土环约束试验的实测结果吻合良好。     

上海城市外环线(浦东段)二期工程道路设计特点

上海城市外环线是上海市域快速路网的重要一环。文章重点介绍了外环线(浦东段)二期工程的道路设计中线形设计、立体交叉和路基设计的设计特色及技术措施,可供道路专业工程设计与施工人员参考。     

《火力发电厂主厂房钢-混凝土组合结构设计暂行规定》(DLGJ 99-91) 第三章——钢管混凝土结构设计内容介绍

由原能源部电力规划设计管理局批准实行的《火力发电厂主厂房钢-混凝土组合结构设计暂行规定》(DLGJ 99-91),第三章订有“钢管混凝土结构”的内容,为便于设计和应用者了解掌握,本文特将该章内容的编制背景,设计方法和特点,分前言和六个部分(含构件轴压、拉、剪、弯、压弯的强度与稳定,刚度和变形计算,框架梁柱节点加强环板的设计)作了简要介绍。     

速率偏频激光捷联惯导系统的误差标定

根据惯导平台转动的工作特性,采用卡尔曼滤波的方法,可实现对速率偏频系统误差参数的估计.在静基座条件下,该误差标定通过建立新系统误差方程和滤波方程的及标定过程的仿真两步实现系统的各误差项的标定.仿真表明,估计效果能满足误差标定要求.     

塑料排水管道破裂等级评价的分析研究

城镇排水管道在运行的过程中,常会由于各种原因造成管道破裂。这些破裂缺陷如何影响排水管道承载能力,是排水管道缺陷等级定义和评估要解决的问题。目前国内对排水管道破裂缺陷的研究比较有限,本文主要利用塑料管道作为模型试件,参照《城镇排水管道检测与评估技术规程》CJJ181-2012对破裂缺陷等级的划分,对试件模拟了叉形和圆形缺陷,并进行环刚度、抗压强度、外压破坏荷载试验研究,探讨管道破裂缺陷等级与缺陷数量的等效关系,以及缺陷位置和缺陷分布对管道破坏的影响。结果表明,1个2级叉形破裂缺陷与4个1级叉形破裂缺陷是等效的;1个4级圆形破裂缺陷与7个3级圆形破裂缺陷是等效的;相比排水管道顶部,管道侧壁是排水塑料管道的缺陷敏感区域;管道缺陷分布越均匀,对管道破坏程度越大。