Nonlinear modal analysis via non‐parametric machine learning tools

Modal analysis is an important tool in the structural dynamics community; it is widely utilised to understand and investigate the dynamical characteristics of linear structures. Many methods have been proposed in recent years regarding the extension to nonlinear analysis, such as nonlinear normal modes or the method of normal forms, with the main objective being to formulate a mathematical model of a nonlinear dynamical structure based on observations of input/output data from the dynamical system. In fact, for the majority of structures where the effect of nonlinearity becomes significant, nonlinear modal analysis is a necessity. The objective of the current paper is to demonstrate a machine learning approach to output‐only nonlinear modal decomposition using kernel independent component analysis and locally linear‐embedding analysis. The key element is to demonstrate a pattern recognition approach which exploits the idea of independence of principal components from the linear theory by learning the nonlinear manifold between the variables. In this work, the importance of output‐only modal analysis via “blind source” separation tools is highlighted as the excitation input/force is not needed and the method can be implemented directly via experimental data signals without worrying about the presence or not of specific nonlinearities in the structure.     

深水水下管汇的结构设计概述

以南海某油气田的深水水下管汇为例,结合管汇的功能需求、结构组成、结构计算等,对深水水下管汇的结构设计进行了概述。     

Inverted pendulum stabilization: Characterization of codimension-three triple zero bifurcation via multiple delayed proportional gains

The paper considers the problem of stabilization of systems possessing a multiple zero eigenvalue at the origin. The controller that we propose, uses multiple delayed measurements instead of derivative terms. Doing so, we increase the performances of the closed loop in presence of system uncertainties and/or noisy measurements. The problem formulation and the analysis is presented through a classical engineering problem which is the stabilization of an inverted pendulum on a cart moving horizontally. On one hand, we perform a nonlinear analysis of the center dynamics described by a three dimensional system of ordinary differential equations with a codimension-three triple zero bifurcation. On the other hand, we present the complementary stability analysis of the corresponding linear time invariant system with two delays describing the behavior around the equilibrium. The aim of this analysis is to characterize the possible local bifurcations. Finally, the proposed control scheme is numerically illustrated and discussed.     

基于流场分析的Y型对接式压裂管汇布局研究

为提高压裂管汇的使用寿命,在传统的直角对接式布局基础上,设计了一种Y型对接式压裂管汇撬。运用Eulerian-Lagrangian方法与流体分析软件,分析获得不同结构参数下Y型对接式压裂管汇的流场压力、流场速度、冲蚀分布规律,并对Y型对接式布局进行优化。研究表明,随着对接角的增大,Y型对接式压裂管汇的流场压力、速度分布越不稳定,最大冲蚀速率随之减少,平均冲蚀速率随之增大; 在对接四通拐角处设置过渡倒圆后,随着倒圆半径的增大,最大冲蚀速率及平均冲蚀速率随之减小; 在对接角45°、倒圆半径20 mm时,最大冲蚀速率减小37.6%,平均冲蚀速率减少49.7%; Y型对接式压裂管汇的冲蚀速率比直角对接式结构有显著减小,提高管汇使用寿命。     

集成排气歧管对汽油机动力性能影响的研究

以一台国五发动机为基础设计了4-1和4-2-1两款集成排气歧管,通过一维仿真的方式探究两种形式的集成排气歧管对发动机动力性能的影响。结果表明:采用了集成排气歧管后,转速大于1 600r/min时转矩变化不明显,与原机转矩有2%的波动;但转速低于1 600r/min时,转矩下降较多,其中4-1方案低速下转矩下降更加明显,1 200r/min时转矩下降11.1N·m,比原机下降5.9%。继而以1 200r/min为例探究了低速情况下,采用集成排气歧管造成转矩下降的原因。结果表明,采用了4-2-1与4-1集成排气歧管后,涡轮增压器前压力状态产生差异,影响了增压器效率;气门叠开期期间,由于排气背压增大,导致废气回流增加和缸内残余废气量增加,降低了充量系数。最后通过试验验证,采用了4-1集成排气歧管后的低速转矩确实低于原机,验证了仿真的准确性。     

An overview of particle-based numerical manifold method and its application to dynamic rock fracturing

This review summarizes the development of particle-based numerical manifold method (PNMM) and its applications to rock dynamics. The fundamental principle of numerical manifold method (NMM) is first briefly introduced. Then, the history of the newly developed PNMM is given. Basic idea of PNMM and its simulation procedure are presented. Considering that PNMM could be regarded as an NMM-based model, a comparison of PNMM and NMM is discussed from several points of view in this paper. Besides, accomplished applications of PNMM to the dynamic rock fracturing are also reviewed. Finally, some recommendations are provided for the future work of PNMM.     

工件表面缺陷图像检测中的自适应聚类

目的 针对工件表面形态复杂、干涉交叠缺陷难以实现自动分离、分类图像检测的情况,提出一种工件表面交叠缺陷自适应图像聚类方法。方法 首先提取工件表面缺陷二值图像,采用混合概率主成分分析器估计缺陷位置各像素点局部切空间信息,并改进局部切空间之间的相似性矩阵;然后通过改进局部密度峰值自适应方法,基于相似性矩阵确定聚类中心点和数目;最后通过谱多流形聚类,将各分析器所包含的像素点分配至不同缺陷流形结构中,实现多个交叠缺陷分离、检测。结果 首先通过比较计算与实际测量的长度、宽度来验证该方法对相互交叠结构缺陷良好、准确的分离效果,平均相对误差分别为0.957%和0.650%。其次为了体现该方法对于分离工件表面相互交叠缺陷的有效性及优越性,使用k-means聚类、谱聚类与该方法进行对比实验,证明了该方法良好的聚类效果。最后对所设计方法的稳定性进行测试,统计检测结果的平均ME值均在6%以下,正确聚类数目率高达99%~100%。结论 该方法能够较为准确地自动识别工件表面图像中存在相互干涉的不同缺陷,并进行分离。     

大塑性变形制备超细晶铝锂合金的组织及力学性能研究进展

综述了大塑性变形工艺制备超细晶铝锂合金的显微组织及其力学性能,分析了大塑性变形过程中铝锂合金的组织演变及其影响因素。铝锂合金的强化机制主要是基于析出强化,结合大塑性变形得到的超细晶粒组织可以显著提高强度和塑性,并得到优异的超塑性。表明大塑性变形加工铝锂合金,尤其是等通道挤压制备的超细晶铝镁锂合金在超塑性工业具有广阔的发展前景。     

岩石冲击破坏的数值流形方法模拟(英文)

岩石冲击破坏是一种典型的动力学问题。为了更好地利用数值流形方法对动力学问题进行分析,本文在对原数值流形方法中的动力学问题求解思想进行分析的基础上,采用动力有限元方法中的Newmark法对该算法进行了改进。改进后的数值流形方法与原来相比具有3个明显的优势:①当选择合适的参数后,该方法能够保证解的无条件收敛;②可以采用比原算法大的多的时间步长;③充分地考虑了动力学问题中的阻尼效应。最后通过一个算例说明了改进后的数值流形方法能够很好地模拟岩石在冲击载荷作用下破坏的全过程,克服了有限元法不能模拟岩石破坏后块体运动情况的不足。     

数据中心的雷电防护

基于雷电的特征及危害形式的研究,对数据中心遭受雷电电磁脉冲时设备的损害程度进行分析,强调了数据中心雷电防护的重要性。针对雷电电磁脉冲对数据中心所带来的影响,提出了雷电防护的概念和防护方法。综合应用屏蔽、等电位连接和电涌保护器等基本防护措施,实现了数据中心的雷电综合防护。