Bottom-up image detection of water channel slope damages based on superpixel segmentation and support vector machine

The operation of water supply channels is threatened by the occasionally occurred slope damages. Timely detection of their occurrence is critical for the rapid enforcement of mitigation measures. However, current practices based on routine inspection and structural heath monitoring are inefficient, laborious and tend to be biased. As an attempt to address the limitations, this paper proposes a bottom-up image detection approach for slope damages, which includes four steps, i.e. superpixel segmentation, feature handcrafting, superpixel classification based on support vector machine (SVM), and slope damage recognition. The approach employs a bottom-up strategy to infer the upper-level slope condition from the classification results of individual superpixels in the bottom level. Experiments were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. The handcrafted feature “LBP + HSV” was demonstrated to be effective in characterizing the image features of slope damages. An SVM model with “LBP + HSV” as input can reliably identify the slope condition in superpixels. Based on the SVM model, the bottom-up strategy achieved high recognition performance, of which the overall accuracy can be up to 91.7%. The proposed approach has potential to facilitate the early and comprehensive awareness of slope damages along the entire route of water channel by the integration with unmanned aerial vehicles.     

A tree-based address configuration for a MANET

This paper proposes an address configuration scheme for a MANET. In this paper, the tree-based architecture and the algorithm of constructing a MANET are presented. In this architecture, a proxy node can assign a unique address for neighbor new nodes, so the address configuration task is distributed around all proxy nodes. The transmission of control packets is controlled within one-hop scope, so the cost is reduced and the delay is shortened. Through this architecture, the address resources released by failed nodes can be automatically reclaimed for reuse, so a proxy node has always the sufficient address space for assignment. In order to ensure the uniqueness of a node’s address, the paper also proposes the MANET merging and partitioning algorithms. Finally, this paper evaluates the performance metrics of both the proposed scheme and the existing schemes, and the results show that the proposed scheme reduces the address configuration cost and shortens the address configuration delay.     

In-depth analysis of drivers’ merging behavior and rear-end crash risks in work zone merging areas

This study investigates the drivers’ merging behavior and the rear-end crash risk in work zone merging areas during the entire merging implementation period from the time of starting a merging maneuver to that of completing the maneuver. With the merging traffic data from a work zone site in Singapore, a mixed probit model is developed to describe the merging behavior, and two surrogate safety measures including the time to collision (TTC) and deceleration rate to avoid the crash (DRAC) are adopted to compute the rear-end crash risk between the merging vehicle and its neighboring vehicles. Results show that the merging vehicle has a bigger probability of completing a merging maneuver quickly under one of the following situations: (i) the merging vehicle moves relatively fast; (ii) the merging lead vehicle is a heavy vehicle; and (iii) there is a sizable gap in the adjacent through lane. Results indicate that the rear-end crash risk does not monotonically increase as the merging vehicle speed increases. The merging vehicle's rear-end crash risk is also affected by the vehicle type. There is a biggest increment of rear-end crash risk if the merging lead vehicle belongs to a heavy vehicle. Although the reduced remaining distance to work zone could urge the merging vehicle to complete a merging maneuver quickly, it might lead to an increased rear-end crash risk. Interestingly, it is found that the rear-end crash risk could be generally increased over the elapsed time after the merging maneuver being triggered.     

流动注射分光光度法测定有机相中铀的研究

使用流动注射分光光度法，以合并带流路模拟有机相铀标准系列溶液，从而求出未知有机相样品的铀含量。测定范围在10～200mg／L.时铀浓度与吸光度呈线性关系。载流溶液为异丙醇，混合显色剂组分为异丙醇、三乙醇胺、Br－PADAP和掩蔽剂。方法的相对标偏＜±5％。每次样品的测定速度为1min。本法具有3个特点：1）采用合并带模拟有机相铀的标准系列溶液，使测定方法的灵敏度高、准确性好;2）即使在少量混浊状态下也能进行定量测定;3）采用排带法，解决了蠕动泵管长期使用的问题。     

基于IEC61850-9-2合并单元的研究与设计

介绍了一种智能变电站合并单元的设计方案,采用现场可编程逻辑阵列（FPGA）作为硬件框架,充分利用FPGA的模块化编程和多任务处理的特点,通过在FPGA芯片上配置NiosII软核处理器和相关接口,完成合并单元采样脉冲同步、数据采集及处理,将数据按照IEC61850-9-2标准组帧通过以太网与过程层设备通信发送至过程层设备。运用MMS Ethereal软件对本合并单元输出的电压、电流信号进行测试,结果表明该合并单元所送数据与接收数据一致,符合9-2标准。本装置可以实现了合并单元多任务、大信息量及实时高通速信的要求,具有较强的实用价值。     

围着桑树唱出的民歌——论洪江古商城窨子屋建筑的融合性

本文着重阐述洪江古商城的窨子屋建筑的融合性特征:在功能上宜商宜居;在建筑外形上呈现出徽派建筑风格,但其内部结构则实现了本土化改造;在装饰风格上具有多元化特征。从而反映出在资本主义萌芽的影响下,过渡性建筑在湘西地区的具体表现。     

智能变电站合并单元现场测试技术研究

合并单元是智能变电站数字化信息传输的基础和保证,肩负着一次设备参量和间隔层设备的正确信息通信功能。目前电力行业标准只提出了合并单元应具备的性能指标和要求,并未对合并单元性能指标具体的测试方法给予说明。在综合分析合并单元性能指标的基础上,提出了合并单元现场测试的关键性能指标,并制定了相应的测试方案,通过实际工程的测试结果进行了验证,证明了该测试方案的有效性和准确性。     

一种基于超像素的点追踪方法

摘要：目的：由于当前大多数的追踪算法都是使用目标外观模型和特征进行目标的匹配,在长时间的目标追踪过程中,目标的尺度和形状均会发生变化,再加上计算机视觉误差,都会导致追踪的失误。提出一种高效的目标模型用于提高追踪的效率和成功率。方法：采用分割后提取的目标特征来进行建模表示外观结构,利用图像分割的方法,将被追踪的目标区域分割成多个超像素块,结合SIFT特征,形成词汇本,并计算每个词在词汇本中的权值,作为目标的外观模型。利用外观模型确定目标对象的关键点位置后,通过使用金字塔 Lucas-Kanade 追踪器预测关键点在下一帧图像中的位置,并移动追踪窗口位置。结果：结合点位移的加权计算有效的克服目标尺度和形状变化产生的问题。结论：实验结果表明在目标发生形变或光照变化的情况下,算法也能准确的、实时的追踪到目标。     

Networks for sorting multitonic sequences

Lee and Batcher have designed networks that efficiently merge k separately provided sorted sequences of known lengths totalling n. We show that the design is still possible, and in fact easier to describe, if we do not make use of the lengths, or even the directions of monotonicity, of the individual sequences—the sequences can be provided in a single undelimited concatenation of length n. The depth of the simplest resulting network to sort sequences that are “k-tonic” and of length n is , generalizing Batcher's 1968 results for the extreme values of k (k=2 corresponding to merging, and k=n/2 corresponding to general sorting).The exposition is self-contained and can serve even as an introduction to sorting networks and Batcher's results.     

全球石油化工工业发展新特点

经过143年的发展,世界石化工业已趋于成熟并成为全球最大的传统基础产业。目前全球石油化工工业发展呈现出以下新特点:一是世界石化工业形成美亚欧三足鼎立格局,亚太在三足中的地位将进一步提升;二是以中国为代表的发展中国家的石化工业正在进一步崛起;三是世界石化产业的集中度越来越高;四是新一轮兼并联合改变了全球石油石化业界的部分格局。