Experimental study of neutron counting in a zero-power reactor driven by a neutron source inherent in highly enriched uranium fuels

Even a zero-power reactor core containing highly enriched uranium has a weak neutron source inherent in uranium 235, and consequently, a neutron counter placed closely to the core without external neutron source registers a certain counting rate. The study of the counting is very important for zero-power reactor physics experiments with a high precision. In this experimental study, first, at a shutdown state of the UTR-Kinki reactor without start-up neutron source, a pulse height distribution of output signals from a neutron proportional counter was measured to confirm that these signals resulted from neutron detections. At several subcritical states of the UTR, then, the Feynman-α analysis was carried out to confirm that the neutrons detected by the counter must be fission neutrons multiplied by fission chain reactions. The correlation amplitude measured in the Feynman-α analysis was much higher than that measured in a previous drive by start-up source. Further, it was also confirmed that the subcriticality dependence of neutron counting rate followed the source multiplication formula. This feature indicated that the one-point model was very successful in the subcritical range including the shutdown state.     

游戏机手柄热流道立式注塑4层叠层注塑模设计

设计了一种4层叠层模用于实现游戏机手柄的高效率注塑生产，解决了塑件成型时在保证塑件成型精度的基础上，单次注塑量产数量4倍倍增难题。4层叠层模的结构由4层结构相同的单层模具通过一定的空间组序排列组装后，应用立式注塑机来进行注射成型。单层模结构设计采用两板式2次开模热流道浇注两板模形式，第一次开模用于热流道嘴与塑件的冷流道部分分离，第二次开模用于塑件从型腔镶件中脱模脱出。为解决单层模做4层叠层组合后，顶出板无动力顶出的问题，在单层模的模架模板侧边对称设置了拉杆，将单层模在开模动力转化为单层模中顶出板的顶出拉力，巧妙地解决了单层模做4层叠层安装后各单层模的顶出元件顶出板无推动力的问题。模具结构布局及机构的驱动设置设计合理，有较好的工程设计参考意义。     

正弦光栅条纹的灰度三角细分法

提出了一种基于灰度三角值的正弦光栅条纹细分法,该方法以CCD拍摄的正弦光栅图像的各点灰度值映射为该点的正弦三角函数值从而进行处理.给出了原理说明和对图像细分的实例,并对该方法的抗噪性能进行了分析.实验表明即使在图像含有高频噪声污染的情况下,该方法仍具较高的有效性.     

Concentration du virus de l'hepatite a sur des membranes de celluloseHepatitis a virus concentration on cellulose membranes

Viral hepatitis type A is the most prevalent waterborne disease in U.S.A. and the number of cases has been increasing in recent years (Melnick et al., 1978). Till now, few works were performed on Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) concentration in water (Hejkal et al., 1982, Elkana et al., 1983). In this paper the filter adsorption-elution method, widely used with other viruses (Wallis and Melnick, 1967; Fields et Metcalf, 1975; Smith and Gerba, 1982), was selected to concentrate HAV from experimentally-contaminated distilled water. Filtration was performed through two cellulose membranes (RAWP 04700 and HAWP 04700 Millipore). Eluate or filtrate viruses were precipitated by polyethylene glycol 6000. HAV is detected by solid phase radioimmunoassay according to a previously described method (Deloince et al., 1982). Figure 1 shows the results of adsorbing HAV at different pH levels. Analysis of variance pointed out that, for the pH levels between 3 and 4, the differences were not significant (P = 0.05). Table 1 shows the effects of pH and number of passages of 3% beef extract or 0.2 M glycin buffer on HAV elution. For both eluents the differences in function of pH levels and number of passages of eluent through the membrane were not significant (variance analysis P = 0.05). On the other hand, the comparison between the two eluents pointed out the higher efficiency of beef extract (t-test, P = 0.001). After this procedure, HAV replication occurred in human hepatocarcinoma cells PLC/PRF/5 (Fig. 2) inoculated according to a previously described method (Crance et al., 1983). As poliovirus (Sobsey et al., 1973), HAV adsorption is the most efficient at acid pH levels. Between pH 4.5 and 5, the remarkable adsorption decrease might be related to the inversion of the HAV electrostatic charges sign, i.e. to the occurrence of an isoelectric point. The HAV elution is different from the poliovirus one, the efficiency of which increased with pH (Wallis et al., 1972) and eluent passage numbers (Farrah et al., 1976). That might suggest that from pH 7.5, both the HAV particles and membranes have negative charges which give enough repulsive forces to allow a good elution efficiency. Improvement of HAV elution efficiency by beef extract is similar to a result obtained with poliovirus by Landry et al. (1978). This effect might be explained by the proteinous material presence in beef extract. HAV replication in cell cultures shows the biological properties preservation after this procedure.     

电力电子系统中的功率脉冲时序组合与逻辑组合

从电力电子系统的底层脉冲组合理论出发,对功率脉冲时序组合与逻辑组合的概念、方法和实现进行总结提炼分析。针对功率脉冲纯时序组合的局限性,提出功率脉冲及功率脉冲序列的逻辑组合方法,并对其组合思路和应用场景进行分析归纳。由于基于不同脉冲逻辑组合思路的两种典型应用,即多电平技术和倍频策略,均可以有效提高系统变换性能,以电力电子功率放大器为分析对象,对二者的谐波特性和适用性进行对比分析,以此作为上述理论的一个分析应用实例。通过电力电子系统中脉冲组合方法论的研究,有助于从更为底层的角度对相关技术进行系统认识,从而延伸拓展出新的脉冲组合与实现方式,推动电力电子技术的发展。     

电静压系统用内啮合齿轮泵脉动试验与分析

直线共轭内啮合齿轮泵因效率高、噪声低,在电静压系统中应用越来越广泛,尤其是在振动噪声要求苛刻的舰船领域。究其原因,先从理论上得出泵出口流量波动和压力脉动的计算方法,即得到泵源流量脉动 Qs和泵源阻抗 Zs这两个特性值的方法,并用MATLAB编译数据计算处理程序。搭建试验平台,采集数据,按照理论方法测试并分别计算了不同工况下泵出口的实际流量波动量和压力脉动量。汇总各工况数据并分析得出：测试平台合理,测试计算所得数据可信;同一频谱图里,电机泵基频幅值远大于泵齿基频幅值;不同工况下测试得出内啮合齿轮泵基频及其倍频对应的流量波动量和压力脉动量的变化趋势,具体量值均较小,适合用于静音系统中。     

Modified Lim-Lee Combing Using Signed Window and Direct Doublings

ABSTRACT

The fast exponentiation is a crucial one in any kind of public key cryptosystem. Lim-Lee proposed a method for an efficient exponentiation in elliptic curve by dividing n-bit scalar into equal length of simple scalars. In this paper, the general Lim-Lee method is further improved by using the signed binary window method and direct doublings.     

基于多基表示的滑动窗口椭圆曲线多标量乘算法

标量乘运算从整体上决定了椭圆曲线密码体制的快速实现效率，在一些椭圆曲线公钥密码体制中需要计算多标量乘。多基数链的标量表示长度更短、非零比特数目更少，较好地适用于椭圆曲线标量乘的快速计算。为了提高椭圆曲线密码的效率，在已有的二进制域和素域的标量乘算法的基础上，结合滑动窗口技术、多基算法，提出新的更高效的多标量乘算法。实验结果表明，新算法与传统Shamir算法和交错NAF算法相比，其所需的运算量更少，能有效地提高椭圆曲线多标量乘算法的效率，使多标量乘的运算更高效。相比于其他算法，新算法的计算效率比已有的多标量乘算法提高了约7.9%~20.6%。     

Criticality of the thorium burnup in equilibrium state

The effective neutron multiplication factor (k_eff) as a function of burnup for different volume coolant (CoR) and fuel (FR) to cell ratio is presented. Additionally the Conversion Ratio (CR) of Th-232 to U-233, concentration of U-233, fissile and fission products calculation as a function of burnup are presented. The assembly is a critical reactor which makes volumes of coolant and fuel changes possible. In addition, an analytical model of calculation of k_eff as a function of U-233 and a poison concentration in equilibrium state are presented. One can achieve the criticality of Thorium Breeder Reactor (TBR) for enough high average neutron energy which one can obtain in Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR) only. The maximal value of CR and burnup for case of k_eff ≥ 1 achieves 1.4 and 360 GWd/MTU, correspondently. The calculations were done with a MCNPX 2.7 code using F₂Be, Na and Pb coolants.