全文获取类型
收费全文 | 37360篇 |
免费 | 5262篇 |
国内免费 | 4349篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 4734篇 |
技术理论 | 1篇 |
综合类 | 4730篇 |
化学工业 | 984篇 |
金属工艺 | 990篇 |
机械仪表 | 2739篇 |
建筑科学 | 1193篇 |
矿业工程 | 778篇 |
能源动力 | 525篇 |
轻工业 | 458篇 |
水利工程 | 586篇 |
石油天然气 | 888篇 |
武器工业 | 655篇 |
无线电 | 6750篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1772篇 |
冶金工业 | 649篇 |
原子能技术 | 195篇 |
自动化技术 | 18344篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 89篇 |
2023年 | 548篇 |
2022年 | 858篇 |
2021年 | 994篇 |
2020年 | 1225篇 |
2019年 | 1047篇 |
2018年 | 917篇 |
2017年 | 1167篇 |
2016年 | 1231篇 |
2015年 | 1611篇 |
2014年 | 2427篇 |
2013年 | 2380篇 |
2012年 | 2880篇 |
2011年 | 3312篇 |
2010年 | 2512篇 |
2009年 | 2469篇 |
2008年 | 2655篇 |
2007年 | 3012篇 |
2006年 | 2609篇 |
2005年 | 2299篇 |
2004年 | 1876篇 |
2003年 | 1749篇 |
2002年 | 1349篇 |
2001年 | 1177篇 |
2000年 | 905篇 |
1999年 | 666篇 |
1998年 | 540篇 |
1997年 | 453篇 |
1996年 | 402篇 |
1995年 | 334篇 |
1994年 | 252篇 |
1993年 | 238篇 |
1992年 | 177篇 |
1991年 | 124篇 |
1990年 | 93篇 |
1989年 | 82篇 |
1988年 | 58篇 |
1987年 | 37篇 |
1986年 | 23篇 |
1985年 | 18篇 |
1984年 | 37篇 |
1983年 | 41篇 |
1982年 | 19篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1959年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 22 毫秒
1.
2.
Shimei Fu Song Xue Jun Chen Shuai Shang Hui Xiao Yu Zang Xuexi Tang 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
The effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly UV-B on algae, have become an important issue as human-caused depletion of the protecting ozone layer has been reported. In this study, the effects of different short-term UV-B radiation on the growth, physiology, and metabolism of Porphyra haitanensis were examined. The growth of P. haitanensis decreased, and the bleaching phenomenon occurred in the thalli. The contents of total amino acids, soluble sugar, total protein, and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) increased under different UV-B radiation intensities. The metabolic profiles of P. haitanensis differed between the control and UV-B radiation-treated groups. Most of the differential metabolites in P. haitanensis were significantly upregulated under UV-B exposure. Short-term enhanced UV-B irradiation significantly affected amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and phenylpropane biosynthesis. The contents of phenylalanine, tyrosine, threonine, and serine were increased, suggesting that amino acid metabolism can promote the synthesis of UV-absorbing substances (such as phenols and MAAs) by providing precursor substances. The contents of sucrose, D-glucose-6-phosphate, and beta-D-fructose-6-phosphate were increased, suggesting that carbohydrate metabolism contributes to maintain energy supply for metabolic activity in response to UV-B exposure. Meanwhile, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) was also significantly upregulated, denoting effective activation of the antioxidant system. To some extent, these results provide metabolic insights into the adaptive response mechanism of P. haitanensis to short-term enhanced UV-B radiation. 相似文献
3.
4.
教传艳 《计算机测量与控制》2022,30(2):124-128
针对当前柴油机废气再循环冷却控制系统受到时滞问题影响,导致系统开度走势与设定走势不一致、废气再循环效果差的问题,提出基于自适应LS-SVM的柴油机废气再循环冷却控制系统;以AT89C51单片机40针作为电控单元核心部件,利用位置传感器向系统发送负载信号,利用温度传感器来传输信号并反馈至D/A转换器;在D/A转换器中,反馈信号以串行或并行方式进入寄存器,并在转换后输出电流电压,控制系统阀门在排气再循环时的开启;伺服泵采用冷却系统,为系统提供液压动力源;利用自适应LS-SVM原理计算柴油机废气再循环冷却控制目标边界值,在最小二乘支持向量机基础上,利用求解线性方程组进行优化,消除了控制误差;根据控制差的大小,调整控制系统的输出值;由试验结果可知,该系统开度走势与设定开度走势一致,且与设定开度误差为1开度,说明使用该系统具有良好稳态特性,有效克服了系统中时滞问题,废气再循环效果较好。 相似文献
5.
6.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(85):36216-36231
The fuel cell/battery durability and hybrid system stability are major considerations for the power management of fuel cell hybrid electric bus (FCHEB) operating on complicated driving conditions. In this paper, a real time nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) with stability analyze is formulated for power management of FCHEB. Firstly, the mathematical model of hybrid power system is analyzed, which is established for control-oriented design. Furthermore, the NAC-based strategy with quadratic Lyapunov function is set up to guarantee the stability of closed-loop power system, and the power split between fuel cell and battery is controlled with the durability consideration. Finally, two real-time power management strategies, state machine control (SMC) and fuzzy logic control (FLC), are implemented to evaluate the performance of NAC-based strategy, and the simulation results suggest that the guaranteed stability of NAC-based strategy can efficiently prolong fuel cell/battery lifespan and provide better fuel consumption economy for FCHEB. 相似文献
7.
诱导式卫星欺骗干扰可诱导航空器逐渐偏离预定航迹,难以被发现,因此及时有效地检测干扰是飞行安全的保障。在现有紧组合导航体制基础上,设计了一种基于误差估值累加开环校正的紧组合导航结构,并证明了其性能与传统闭环校正紧组合导航性能等效。在此结构中,将紧组合导航系统与自适应序贯概率比检测方法结合,提出了一种基于误差估值累加开环校正的诱导式欺骗检测方法,融合紧组合导航信息与其他不受欺骗影响的导航信息,构建欺骗检测统计量进行诱导式欺骗检测。仿真结果表明,开环校正结构可避免随时间累加的惯性导航系统误差所导致的组合导航滤波器发散问题,同时欺骗检测方法可进一步提高算法对“最坏”情形下微小诱导式欺骗的检测效果。 相似文献
8.
Mengru Liu Weihai Zhang Limin Ma 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》2022,36(1):69-87
The article investigates the finite-time adaptive fuzzy control for a class of nonlinear systems with output constraint and input dead-zone. First, by skillfully combining the barrier Lyapunov function, backstepping design method, and finite-time control theory, a novel adaptive state-feedback tracking controller is constructed, and the output constraint of the nonlinear system is not violated. Second, the fuzzy logic system is used to approximate unknown function in the nonlinear system. Third, the finite-time command filter is introduced to avoid the problem of “complexity explosion” caused by repeated differentiations of the virtual control signal in conventional backstepping control schemes. Meanwhile, a new saturation function is added in the compensating signal for filter error to improve control accuracy. Finally, based on Lyapunov stability analysis, all the signals of the closed-loop are proved to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded, and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood region of the origin in a finite time. A simulation example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness for the proposed control scheme. 相似文献
9.
Ya Gu Quanmin Zhu Hassan Nouri 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》2022,36(1):138-154
This article presents a state-space model with time-delay to map the relationship between known input-output data for discrete systems. For the given input-output data, a model identification algorithm combining parameter estimation and state estimation is proposed in line with the causality constraints. Consequently, this article proposes a least squares parameter estimation algorithm, and analyzes its convergence for the studied systems to prove that the parameter estimation errors converge to zero under the persistent excitation conditions. In control system design, the U-model based control is introduced to provide a unilateral platform to improve the design efficiency and generality. A simulation portfolio from modeling to control is provided with computational experiments to validate the derived results. 相似文献
10.
Software is a central component in the modern world and vastly affects the environment’s sustainability. The demand for energy and resource requirements is rising when producing hardware and software units. Literature study reveals that many studies focused on green hardware; however, limited efforts were made in the greenness of software products. Green software products are necessary to solve the issues and problems related to the long-term use of software, especially from a sustainability perspective. Without a proper mechanism for measuring the greenness of a particular software product executed in a specific environment, the mentioned benefits will not be attained. Currently, there are not enough works to address this problem, and the green status of software products is uncertain and unsure. This paper aims to identify the green measurements based on sustainable dimensions in a software product. The second objective is to reveal the relationships between the elements and measurements through empirical study. The study is conducted in two phases. The first phase is the theoretical phase, where the main components, measurements and practices that influence the sustainability of a software product are identified. The second phase is the empirical study that involved 103 respondents in Malaysia investigating current practices of green software in the industrial environment and further identifying the main sustainability dimensions and measurements and their impact on achieving green software products. This study has revealed seven green measurements of software product: Productivity, Usability, Cost Reduction, Employee Support, Energy Efficiency, Resource Efficiency and Tool Support. The relationships are statistically significant, with a significance level of less than 0.01 (p = 0.000). Thus, the hypothesised relationships were all accepted. The contributions of this study revolve around the research perspectives of the measurements to attain a green software product. 相似文献