The digital public humanities: giving new arguments and new ways to argue

ABSTRACT

In response to the latest “crisis” in the humanities, advocates have marched, rallied, fundraised, and—especially—argued. This essay contends that communication scholars can support the growing “case for the humanities” by analyzing argumentative strategies, and more specifically, by offering ethical argumentative strategies that avoid replicating structures of domination. In particular, we look to Mari Lee Mifsud's theorization of rhetoric as gift, which follows Henry W. Johnstone in conceptualizing argument as something other than winning over an adversary. We place Mifsud's theorization of the gift in conversation with the methods of the digital public humanities (DPH), which acknowledge and offer abundant resources for meaning-making. Through the methods of DPH, we offer a response to the humanities “crisis” that activates the humanities’ already broad constituencies by giving resources for humanistic inquiry rather than seeking to capture adversaries. Our case study is Photogrammar, a DPH project for organizing, searching, and visualizing the New Deal and World War II era photographs funded by the U.S. federal government. The project forefronts visual, nonlinear, and interactive argumentation in order to engage publics in generative humanistic inquiry. By enlisting participants and sharing expertise, Photogrammar shows how humanities advocates can deepen attachments to the humanities and build broad constituencies of collaborators and allies.     

思维科学的新发展与建筑符号学的近期前景

要应对目前城市化和国际化时期城市设计和建筑设计所面临的几个普遍性问题,建筑符号学能够有所贡献.为此它需要某些扩展,并与思维科学的最新发展相结合.该文回顾了建筑符号学的学问传承,分析了最近的思维科学诸学科尤其是环境行为研究(EBR)对建筑--建筑群设计构成法研究的影响,指出了建筑符号学的近期前景.     

Using discussion logic in analyzing online group discussions: A text mining approach

We propose a Discussion Logic-based Text Analytics (DiLTA) framework, which combines theories developed in social science and text mining fields. The framework extracts features that uncover discussion logic and uses these features in analyzing online discussions. A series of models are proposed including conversation disentanglement, coherence analysis, and visualization. Validation experiments showed that DiLTA achieved significantly superior performance over existing text analytics methods in reconstructing internal structure. A case study using DiLTA-enabled visualization on a healthcare forum illustrates the great potential of DiLTA in assisting comprehension of the internal linkage, structure, and logic of online group discussions.     

兰江枢纽梯级开发方案论证的必要性

兰江枢纽工程是《钱塘江流域综合规划》中推荐的钱塘江中上游干流开发的主要梯极，立项10余年至今尚未动工。随着浙江省中西部经济社会的迅速发展，兰江枢纽周围的开发形势和条件都发生了很大变化，开发任务也顺应形势从“以发电为主”调整为“以航运为主”。根据已有规划及前期工作情况，从政策、技术、经济、环境等方面，阐述了兰江枢纽对钱塘江流域梯级开发具有承上启下、不可或缺的重要作用认，为宜尽早论证兰江枢纽建设方案并开工建设。     

Socially augmented argumentation tools: Rationale,design and evaluation of a debate dashboard

Collaborative Computer-Supported Argument Visualization (CCSAV) is a technical methodology that offers support for online collective deliberation over complex dilemmas. As compared with more traditional conversational technologies, like wikis and forums, CCSAV is designed to promote more critical thinking and evidence-based reasoning, by using representations that highlight conceptual relationships between contributions, and through computational analytics that assess the structural integrity of the network. However, to date, CCSAV tools have achieved adoption primarily in small-scale educational contexts, and only to a limited degree in real world applications. We hypothesise that by reifying conversations as logical maps to address the shortcomings of chronological streams, CCSAV tools underestimate the importance of participation and interaction in enhancing collaborative knowledge-building. We argue, therefore, that CCSAV platforms should be socially augmented in order to improve their mediation capability. Drawing on Clark and Brennan influential Common Ground theory, we designed a Debate Dashboard, which augmented a CCSAV tool with a set of widgets that deliver meta-information about participants and the interaction process. An empirical study simulating a moderately sized collective deliberation scenario provides evidence that this experimental version outperformed the control version on a range of indicators, including usability, mutual understanding, quality of perceived collaboration, and accuracy of individual decisions. No evidence was found that the addition of the Debate Dashboard impeded the quality of the argumentation or the richness of content.     

基于TOULMIN模型的协商研讨系统的设计与实现

为缩小形式化模型与系统实现之间的差距,提供一种科学有效的决策方式,提出了基于Toulmin模型的协商研讨支持系统.经过对系统功能需求的分析,构建系统体系框架,指出主要功能模块,并对各个功能模块进行了分析与设计,在软硬件环境的支持下开发并实现了基于Toulmin模型的协商研讨支持系统,最后在该协商研讨平台进行了实例演示分析.     

我国矿业走出去必要性分析—中国数据

我国矿产资源人均占有量极低,矿产资源产量迅速增长,但矿产资源基础储量明显下降,矿产资源开发强度过大,导致矿产资源可持续供应能力显著下降,我国矿产资源总体对外依存度呈扩大趋势。中国仍处于工业化发展的中后期,对矿产资源的需求仍然很大,不能只强调"立足国内",而不强调"走出去"。     

具连续变量脉冲时滞差分方程的振动性

利用构造辅助方程的方法,建立了无脉冲的具连续变量时滞差分方程与有脉冲具连续变量时滞差分方程在振动性上的等价性,然后利用反证法、构造序列法和积分中值定理等方法,研究了无脉冲的具连续变量时滞差分方程的振动性,得到了方程所有解振动的两个充分性条件,从而得到了具有连续变量脉冲时滞差分方程的所有解振动的两个充分性条件。     

具偏差变元泛函微分方程周期解的存在定理

利用Mawhin重合度拓展定理研究了一类具偏差变元的泛函微分方程x″（t）＋h（x（t））f（x′（t））＋g（x（t-τ（t）））=p（t）的周期解问题,得到了周期解存在性的若干新结果,推广了已有的结果。