Understanding the asymmetric perceptions of smartphone security from security feature perspective: A comparative study

Smartphones are being used and relied on by people more than ever before. The open connectivity brings with it great convenience and leads to a variety of risks that cannot be overlooked. Smartphone vendors, security policy designers, and security application providers have put a variety of practical efforts to secure smartphones, and researchers have conducted extensive research on threat sources, security techniques, and user security behaviors. Regrettably, smartphone users do not pay enough attention to mobile security, making many efforts futile. This study identifies this gap between technology affordance and user requirements, and attempts to investigate the asymmetric perceptions toward security features between developers and users, between users and users, as well as between different security features. These asymmetric perceptions include perceptions of quality, perceptions of importance, and perceptions of satisfaction. After scoping the range of smartphone security features, this study conducts an improved Kano-based method and exhaustively analyzes the 245 collected samples using correspondence analysis and importance satisfaction analysis. The 14 security features of the smartphone are divided into four Kano quality types and the perceived quality differences between developers and users are compared. Correspondence analysis is utilized to capture the relationship between the perceived importance of security features across different groups of respondents, and results of importance-satisfaction analysis provide the basis for the developmental path and resource reallocation strategy of security features. This article offers new insights for researchers as well as practitioners of smartphone security.     

Modeling Sialidosis with Neural Precursor Cells Derived from Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Sialidosis, caused by a genetic deficiency of the lysosomal sialidase gene (NEU1), is a systemic disease involving various tissues and organs, including the nervous system. Understanding the neurological dysfunction and pathology associated with sialidosis remains a challenge, partially due to the lack of a human model system. In this study, we have generated two types of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with sialidosis-specific NEU1^G227R and NEU1^V275A/R347Q mutations (sialidosis-iPSCs), and further differentiated them into neural precursor cells (iNPCs). Characterization of NEU1^G227R- and NEU1^V275A/R347Q- mutated iNPCs derived from sialidosis-iPSCs (sialidosis-iNPCs) validated that sialidosis-iNPCs faithfully recapitulate key disease-specific phenotypes, including reduced NEU1 activity and impaired lysosomal and autophagic function. In particular, these cells showed defective differentiation into oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, while their neuronal differentiation was not notably affected. Importantly, we found that the phenotypic defects of sialidosis-iNPCs, such as impaired differentiation capacity, could be effectively rescued by the induction of autophagy with rapamycin. Our results demonstrate the first use of a sialidosis-iNPC model with NEU1^G227R- and NEU1^V275A/R347Q- mutation(s) to study the neurological defects of sialidosis, particularly those related to a defective autophagy–lysosome pathway, and may help accelerate the development of new drugs and therapeutics to combat sialidosis and other LSDs.     

Achieving excellent energy storage density of Pb0.97La0.02(ZrxSn0.05Ti0.95-x)O3 ceramics by the B-site modification

The applications of antiferroelectric (AFE) materials in miniaturized and integrated electronic devices are limited by their low energy density. To address the above issue, the antiferroelectricity of the reinforced material was designed to improve its AFE-ferroelectric (FE) phase transition under electric fields. In this present study, the composition of Zr⁴⁺ (0.72 Å) and Ti⁴⁺ (0.605 Å) at B-site of Pb_0.97La_0.02(Zr_xSn_0.05Ti_0.95-x)O₃ ceramics with orthogonal reflections are synthesized via the tape-casting method. These ceramics are modified to enhance their antiferroelectricity by reducing their tolerance factor. A recoverable energy storage density W_rec 12.1 J/cm³ was obtained for x = 0.93 under 376 kV/cm, which is superior value than reported until now in lead-based energy storage systems. Moreover, the discharge energy density can reach 10.23 J/cm³, and 90 % of which can be released within 5.66 μs. This work provides a new window and potential materials for further industrialization of pulse power capacitors.     

Microstructure induced ultra-high energy storage density coupled with rapid discharge properties in lead-free Ba0.9Ca0.1Ti0.9Zr0.1O3–SrNb2O6 ceramics

Novel lead-free (1-x)Ba_0·9Ca_0·1Ti_0·9Zr_0·1O₃-xSrNb₂O₆ ceramics were synthesized via a two-step high energy ball milling process. The evolution of microstructural properties, phase transformation, and energy storage characteristics was comprehensively investigated to assess the applicability of material in multi-layered ceramic capacitors. The substitution of SrNb₂O₆ (SNO) in Ba_0·9Ca_0·1Ti_0·9Zr_0·1O₃ (BTCZ) has resulted in substantial improvement in materials density along with a small increase in the grain size of the synthesized ceramic. A thorough microstructural investigation indicates an excellent dispersibility and compatibility between BTCZ and SNO phases. With an increase in SNO substitution, a transition from typical ferroelectric to relaxor ferroelectric has been observed, which has led to a significantly slimmer ferroelectric loop along with frequency dispersive dielectric properties. The optimized composition (i.e., x = 0.10) exhibits an ultra-high recoverable energy density of 2.68 J/cm³ along with a moderately high energy efficiency of 83.4%. Further, SNO substituted samples have also shown an enhancement in breakdown strength. The improvement in energy storage performance and breakdown strength of SNO substituted BTCZ composites are mainly attributed to relatively homogeneous grain morphology, optimum grain size, microstructural density, and improved grain boundary interface.     

基于概率法的电力系统安全分析

为应对电力系统安全分析中的停机问题，基于概率法的方式，将常用的确定停机计算与加入了概率法的概率停机进行比较，研究了二者的区别与其在长期投资方向的不同。在进行电力系统停机分析时，通常会分别从确定停机与概率停机的角度出发，对其应急状态下的潮流进行计算。但前者的方法可能导致极低概率的停机事件被忽略，进而影响长期的资金投资。通过加入概率法的计算，使得对单个停机事件的判定由其具体的频率来确定，增加了系统运行的稳定性。     

Scaling analysis of hydrogen flow with carbon dioxide cushion gas in subsurface heterogeneous porous media

Subsurface hydrogen (H₂) storage in geological formations is of growing interest for decarbonization. However, there is a knowledge gap in understanding the multiphase flow involved in this process, which can have a significant impact on the recovery performance of H₂. Therefore, a full-compositional modeling study was conducted to analyze potential issues and to understand the fundamental hydrodynamic mechanisms of H₂ storage. We performed a range of 2D vertical simulations at the decametre scale with a very fine cell size (0.1 m) to observe the detailed flow behaviour of H₂ with carbon dioxide (CO₂) as cushion gas in various flow regimes. Issues such as viscous instability, capillary bypassing, gas trapping and gravity segregation are analysed here. To generalize our calculations, we have validated and applied the scaling theory in the context of subsurface H₂ storage. Since this study is focused on the hydrodynamic behaviour, three dimensionless groups, including aspect factor, capillary/viscous ratio and gravity/viscous ratio were identified to correlate recovery performance between various scales in a fixed heterogeneous system. It was found that H₂ could infiltrate the cushion gas in the proximity of the injectors, meaning that CO₂ is not displaced away from the injectors in a piston-like fashion. As a result, the purity of the back produced H₂ is much degraded, particularly in a viscous-dominated scenario. On the other hand, the injected H₂ mostly accumulates at the top forming a highly restricted mixing zone with CO₂ in the gravity-dominated case. The recovery performance is therefore much improved in this case. Although the gas distribution can be significantly altered by capillary forces leading to bypassed zones, the recovery performance of H₂ is hardly influenced. This is because the back-produced H₂ recovery is not dependent on the sweep efficiency of the gas. H₂ can be back produced following the same paths which were formed during injection.     

Responses to comments on the paper “two-dimensional Sc2C: A reversible and high capacity hydrogen storage material predicted by first-principles calculations”

A recent commentary by Santhosh and Ravindran on our paper (Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2014, 39:10,606) demonstrated that the interaction between H₂ and MXene (Sc₂C and Ti₂C) phases are not Kubas-type and should be of weak physisorption, and thus made a conclusion that 2D Sc₂C and Ti₂C are not suitable for practical hydrogen storage applications. In this responses, we recalculated hydrogen adsorption on 2D Sc₂C and Ti₂C by using different exchange-correlation functionals. And based on the calculated results, bare MXenes (especially the Ti₂C) are suitable as hydrogen storage materials at temperatures of several tens degrees lower than room temperature. And the hydrogen adsorptions on the MXenes terminated with oxygen group were also investigated. Among the Ti₂C, Sc₂C and their oxygen-functional counterparts, the binding energy of H₂ on Sc₂CO₂ surface is the closest to the ideal range of 0.16–0.42 eV/H₂ at ambient conditions, and thus the Sc₂C with oxygen group is expected to be more suitable as hydrogen storage materials.     

一种分布式对象存储在巡检系统中的研究应用

随着通信技术的快速发展及智能设备的普及,网络规模、网元数量的不断增长,通信设备巡检任务成倍增加,给巡检系统的存储带来了巨大挑战,传统文件存储方式已无法满足要求。通过研究分布式对象存储,基于MinIO设计实现了一种新的巡检系统存储方案,可有效提升系统存储效率和可扩展性。该方案已经在江苏移动实际应用,支撑常态化巡检工作,对于网络运维及管理有较好的参考意义。     

基于双时间点检测的毫米波雷达人流量监测方法

针对现有基于视频监控的人流量统计方案成本高、算法复杂且不利于个人隐私保护的局限性，利用毫米波雷达体积小、成本低、分辨率高的特点，提出了一种基于双时间点检测的人流量监测方法。该方法先获取人体目标散射点位置和多普勒频移信息来构成点云数据，然后根据多普勒频移正负来判断人体的运动方向，并筛选具有高多普勒频移值的点云数据以降低干扰点对聚类结果的影响；在双时间点对特定区域内人员数量进行统计，并根据双时间点之间所获取的点云数据聚类结果对所统计人员数据进行修正。实验结果表明，该方法能够用匿名的方式以较高的正确率统计人员进出。