一种有效折扣证据源的冲突证据合成方法

为解决证据组合规则中一票否决和弱决策证据在低冲突情况下出现的反直观推理的现象，提出一种有效折扣证据源的冲突证据合成方法。首先根据证据的信任函数和似然函数求得证据间的相似度，然后求出证据之间的支持程度，并确定折扣因子，最后采用Dempster组合规则合成利用折扣因子修正后的证据源。数值算例分析结果表明，改进后的证据组合方法可以有效地处理证据冲突。     

The visual impact of augmented reality during an assembly task

Many studies have shown the benefits of augmented reality (AR) to improve manufacturing and control processes in industry. However, the presentation of AR content through optical see-through head-mounted displays may induce unnatural viewing conditions, which consequences on the user’s visual system have not been investigated yet. This study aimed at assessing whether using AR instructions to guide a manual task, i.e., conditions where the user is forced to repeatedly look at and accommodate in different planes to extract information from both real and virtual environments, could potentially impact the visual system of operators. A before/after design study was carried out, asking 26 participants to perform Lego assemblies for 30 min with either paper or AR instructions. The effects of using AR compared to paper instructions were evaluated both on binocular vision, with classical optometric measurements, and on visual fatigue, with the Virtual Reality Symptoms Questionnaire. No clinically significant differences in optometric measurements (far/near visual acuity, stereoacuity, phoria, convergence, fusional amplitude, accommodation amplitude, accommodative convergence) have been found between AR and paper instructions, and only negligible fatigue symptoms have been seen specifically for AR. Results from both objective and subjective measurements suggest that there is no impact of AR on the oculomotor system and that, in this specific case of use, AR can be safely used for production operators.     

Translating moral orders: putting moral conflict theory in conversation with actor–network theory

Moral conflict theory explains deep moral differences and patterns of communication commonly associated with such conflicts. Moral conflict is defined as a struggle between humans, but we argue that the objects of contention in such intractable conflicts, including texts, physical objects, and places, assume a force of their own. We use actor–network theory to help explain this eventuality and to expand our understanding of moral conflict. Combining actor–network theory literature with moral conflict theory literature helps us understand the complexity of moral orders and the networks of actors involved in the construction of moral conflict. This expansion of literature also allows us to conceive of more possibilities for transcendent discourse.     

基于发明问题解决理论的食品药品生产质量管理研究

发明问题解决理论(theory of the solution of inventive problems, TRIZ)被引入非技术领域并与管理领域的结合加快了人们突破思维定势, 从不同的角度去分析解决问题的步伐。本文针对食品药品生产质量管理的基本概况, 从食品药品生产和质量管理的基本准则GMP认证发展历程及构成维度两方面进行了简要分析。针对我国食品药品生产质量管理过程中存在的问题, 从人员、设备、物料、法(文件体系)和环境5个方面进行分析并总结了主要改进参数, 并从TRIZ的通用工程参数与食品药品生产质量管理参数的关系中, 给出食品药品生产质量管理的管理参数及对应的冲突解决矩阵。以期为食品药品生产质量管理的实证方面开展深入的TRIZ研究提供参考。     

价格规制下煤电供应紧张的机理及长期契约研究

考虑电煤和电力的双重价格规制,分别在煤炭供应是否受运输约束两种情景下,研究我国电煤和电力供应紧张的机理及对策。首先构建博弈模型,研究我国煤电供应紧张的机理;在此基础上,构建包含违约惩罚机制的电煤供应长期契约和模型;最后进行了算例分析。研究表明,在煤炭需求旺季,电煤价格规制和运输制约导致煤炭企业供应电煤积极性降低;电力企业订购电煤的积极性降低也是电力供应短缺的最主要原因之一;电力企业的淡季违约采购进口煤的行为,加大了煤炭企业旺季减少电煤供应的可能性。包含违约惩罚机制的电煤供应长期契约,能够同时提高煤炭需求旺季煤炭企业供应电煤和电力企业订购电煤的积极性,显著降低电力供应短缺的风险,缓解煤电矛盾和冲突。     

Transferability of calibrated microsimulation model parameters for safety assessment using simulated conflicts

Several studies have investigated the relationship between field-measured conflicts and the conflicts obtained from micro-simulation models using the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM). Results from recent studies have shown that while reasonable correlation between simulated and real traffic conflicts can be obtained especially after proper calibration, more work is still needed to confirm that simulated conflicts provide safety measures beyond what can be expected from exposure. As well, the results have emphasized that using micro-simulation model to evaluate safety without proper model calibration should be avoided. The calibration process adjusts relevant simulation parameters to maximize the correlation between field-measured and simulated conflicts.The main objective of this study is to investigate the transferability of calibrated parameters of the traffic simulation model (VISSIM) for safety analysis between different sites. The main purpose is to examine whether the calibrated parameters, when applied to other sites, give reasonable results in terms of the correlation between the field-measured and the simulated conflicts. Eighty-three hours of video data from two signalized intersections in Surrey, BC were used in this study. Automated video-based computer vision techniques were used to extract vehicle trajectories and identify field-measured rear-end conflicts. Calibrated VISSIM parameters obtained from the first intersection which maximized the correlation between simulated and field-observed conflicts were used to estimate traffic conflicts at the second intersection and to compare the results to parameters optimized specifically for the second intersection. The results show that the VISSIM parameters are generally transferable between the two locations as the transferred parameters provided better correlation between simulated and field-measured conflicts than using the default VISSIM parameters. Of the six VISSIM parameters identified as important for the safety analysis, two parameters were directly transferable, three parameters were transferable to some degree, and one parameter was not transferable.     

分布式交互技术在虚拟培训中的研究与应用

生活中大量虚拟培训系统仅适用于单人培训使用,难以满足那些需要人与人之间进行协调完成的工作的培训要求,文中提出一种适用于虚拟培训的分布式交互技术应用方法,对互操作性,分布性以及时空一致性等问题进行分析比较,目的是为了满足多人在同一虚拟场景中进行模拟培训操作的要求。最后以传统模拟驾驶器为试验对象,建立一个可供异地多用户同时参与实时交互、协同工作的分布式虚拟环境。实验结果表明,分布式交互技术应用于虚拟培训中,能够弥补传统虚拟培训系统的不足,提高人们协同工作的能力。     

“Dark and Dirty” Histories of Leisure and Architecture: Varosha’s Past and Future

Abstract

Once celebrated as a tourist destination, and now filled with derelict hotels, Varosha is a contested landscape at once embodying contradicting political and economic aspirations and featuring vividly in negotiations for political reconciliation in Cyprus. This paper provides a history of the antagonisms that surround this area by interrogating the creation of hotels and landscapes of leisure in 1960s Varosha and by exposing how these aspired to transform the cultural identity of the entire island. Casting the spotlight on the Golden Sands hotel, the paper demonstrates that, along with advancing iconographies of global modernity, hotel design was insidiously shaped by ethnic disputes as well as socio-economic and environmental contestations. Seen in the context of other conflict-torn cities, this history of the contested landscape of Varosha provides crucial insights into the imbrications of architectural history and design practices in the management of contested instances of modern, twentieth-century heritage.     

Using enterprise social media to investigate the effect of workplace conflict on employee creativity

Enterprise social media (ESM) has been commonly used by businesses and companies to provide a framework for communication and cooperation among individuals. However, studies have presented vague results related to the characteristics of ESM usage, which may be beneficial for workplace managers to enhance individual creativity. This study uses primary data from 346 Chinese employees working in different companies to assess the role of ESM usage in managing workplace conflict. Findings show that ESM usage has negative and insignificant effects on task and relationship conflicts, respectively. In addition, relationship conflict has a negative effect on individual creativity, while task conflict shows a curvilinear relationship with creativity. Task interdependence strengthens the relationship between ESM use and task conflict, but shows an insignificant relationship between ESM use and relationship conflict. Lastly, this research discusses the theoretical and managerial implications.     

煤流自动喷雾洒水装置设计使用

盘江煤电(集团)公司新井开发公司金一采区目前采煤工作面主要集中在7#、9#等三软煤层,在生产过程中产生粉尘大,成为生产过程中的一大安全隐患。为了加强综合防尘的治理工作,有效将煤尘降低到最低限度,针对现场实际状况,新井公司采煤一区设计使用了煤流自动喷雾洒水装置,配合运输设备转载点喷雾使用,防灭尘工作取得明显效果,有效地解决了运输设备及运输巷的煤尘问题,为安全生产提供了有力保障。