Methanol Synthesis with Steel Mill Gases: Performance Investigations in an On-Site Technical Center

An on-site laboratory with direct access to cleaned and conditioned steel mill gases was recently put into operation. The long-term performance and stability of Clariant's MegaMax®800 methanol synthesis catalyst utilizing steel mill gases is currently being investigated. First test results revealed that in order to investigate deactivation mechanisms arising from particular properties of the cleaned steel mill gases, the overlaying effect of thermal deactivation of the catalyst has to be minimized.     

Effect of suspension characteristics on the performance of thermal barrier coatings deposited by suspension plasma spray

This paper investigates the influence of suspension characteristics on microstructure and performance of suspensions plasma sprayed (SPS) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). Five suspensions were produced using various suspension characteristics, namely, type of solvent and solid load content, and the resultant suspensions were utilized to deposit five different TBCs under identical processing conditions. The produced TBCs were evaluated for their performance i.e. thermal conductivity, thermal cyclic fatigue (TCF) and thermal shock (TS) lifetime. This experimental study revealed that the differences in the microstructure of SPS TBCs produced using varied suspensions resulted in a wide-ranging overall TBC performance. All TBCs exhibited thermal conductivity lower than 1 W/(m. K) except water-ethanol mixed suspension produced TBC. The TS lifetime was also affected to a large extent where 10 wt % solid loaded ethanol and 25 wt % solid loaded water suspensions produced TBCs exhibited the highest and the lowest lifetime, respectively. On the contrary, TCF lifetime was not as significantly affected as thermal conductivity and TS lifetime, and all ethanol suspensions showed marginally better TCF lifetime than water and ethanol-water mixed suspensions deposited TBCs.     

FPGA互连测试中的反馈桥接故障覆盖问题

现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)内部资源众多,其中互连资源出现故障的概率远远高于片内其他资源,而在以往许多互连测试研究中,所生成的测试配置存在无法覆盖反馈桥接故障的难题,所以较难有测试配置实现故障列表的100%覆盖。因此通过约束桥接故障只发生在单个查找表(LUT)内的信号线上,并结合单项函数,对反馈桥接故障模型进行优化改进,从根本上解决难题；然后对优化后的反馈桥接故障设置相应的约束条件,再使用布尔可满足性理论(SAT)生成满足约束条件的测试配置。采用优化后的故障模型对ISCAS"89基准电路进行了测试配置生成实验,结果表明生成的测试向量解决了反馈桥接故障的覆盖难题,并且在实现故障列表的100%覆盖下,优化后的故障模型所需要的测试配置数最少。     

浅议生态环境监测机构的风险控制

现阶段,为了探索创新性的发展途径,生态环境监测机构应始终增强风险控制意识。应加强风险管理,立足于风险控制,以求不断健康发展。     

油气田开发动态监测新手段——数值试井分析

我国的大多数油田都已步入了开发后期阶段,生产井含水较高,对油气田开发动态监测技术有着更高的要求。油气田开发动态监测作为油田生产工作的基础,是油田开发过程中不可或缺的一个环节,是油气田合理开发的保障。根据油气田开发动态监测技术内容,提出其发展面临的主要问题。并基于上述研究,对数值试井分析技术进行分析,预测现阶段油气田开发动态监测技术的发展方向。     

Update on the Diagnostic Pitfalls of Autopsy and Post-Mortem Genetic Testing in Cardiomyopathies

Inherited cardiomyopathies are frequent causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD), especially in young patients. Despite at the autopsy they usually have distinctive microscopic and/or macroscopic diagnostic features, their phenotypes may be mild or ambiguous, possibly leading to misdiagnoses or missed diagnoses. In this review, the main differential diagnoses of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (e.g., athlete’s heart, idiopathic left ventricular hypertrophy), arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (e.g., adipositas cordis, myocarditis) and dilated cardiomyopathy (e.g., acquired forms of dilated cardiomyopathy, left ventricular noncompaction) are discussed. Moreover, the diagnostic issues in SCD victims affected by phenotype-negative hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the relationship between myocardial bridging and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are analyzed. Finally, the applications/limits of virtopsy and post-mortem genetic testing in this field are discussed, with particular attention to the issues related to the assessment of the significance of the genetic variants.     

Flow conditioning system for tri-sonic high pressure aerothermal testing

Blowdown testing offers a cost-effective experimental tool to replicate the aerothermal conditions in numerous high speed systems. The wind tunnel must replicate the inlet operating conditions, while the spatial and time dependent inlet flow conditions should be assessed carefully. This paper provides a design methodology and rules that ensure adequate flow conditioning in high inlet pressure wind tunnels suitable for subsonic and supersonic operation with mass-flow limits ranging from 1 kg/s to 25 kg/s, Reynolds numbers from 10³ (1/m) to 4x10⁷ (1/m), and Mach numbers from 0.01 up to 6. The quality of the proposed flow conditioning system was evaluated using stereo PIV measurements combined with hotwire, Pitot probe, and total flow temperature traverses.     

页岩油探井现场地质评价实验流程与技术进展

页岩油勘探钻完井过程中需要及时对页岩含油性及页岩油的可动性进行快速评价，而已有的现场评价技术主要适用于常规砂岩储层，难于满足页岩非均质性描述的需求，迫切需要建立针对性的实验技术序列。根据页岩油探井现场快速地质评价客观需求，结合实验仪器的客观技术指标，提出了现场实验项目、取样保存和实验技术流程，并开展了现场技术方法实验和应用研究，研制磁流体变密度岩石总体积测试装置，解决了易松散形变页岩难于取柱塞样而无法及时获取物性参数的难题，建立了无固定形状页岩物性分析技术；采用液氮冷冻密闭粉碎制样技术避免轻烃损失，岩石热解分析数据更为真实；优化现场测试项目之间以及现场和实验室分析项目之间的衔接，实验支撑更为高效。新技术在江汉盆地潜江组、济阳坳陷沙河街组和鄂尔多斯盆地延长组七段应用效果显著，为陆相页岩油勘探快速地质评价提供了科学依据。同时也需要指出，中国目前页岩油勘探现场实验技术还不完善，还没有相应的规范标准，下一步攻关方向应该是，在完善现场实验技术和应用技术的基础上，形成规范的方法技术体系，搭建页岩油勘探快速地质评价技术平台。