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Tek Bahadur Gurung 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2007,12(4):237-246
Lake Rupa is a small, subtropical, shallow lake with a surface area of 100 ha situated 600 m a.s.l. in Central Himalaya, Nepal. This degraded lake was studied between 2000 and 2006, with the goal of determining whether or not it could be restored by a community‐based cooperative of local people living in its catchment. Main threats to the lake, its aquatic life and its very existence include encroachment by excessive aquatic vegetation, sedimentation, and low in‐lake concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO). Small lakes (≤ 500 ha) are relatively prone to the process of ‘succession and climax’, although they also can be of social, environmental and ecological importance. Thus, their disappearance could spark social chaos and disorder in areas already having to cope with other rapid environmental changes. This means that credible mechanisms for revitalizing or protecting small lakes are an important goal. Accordingly, a lake cooperative of 329 households living in close vicinity to Lake Rupa was formed in 2002, by prioritizing traditional fishers, women and other deprived community members with the goals of respecting the citizenry and equity. Following the cooperative's campaigns directed at weed removal and fish stocking, encroachment of vegetation on the lake margins was halted, its aquatic weeds became under control, and its fisheries improved. In addition to the cooperative's restoration activities, several water quality parameters, including water transparency and DO and chlorophyll‐a concentrations, were monitored on a monthly basis. The measured water transparency was inconsistent, exhibiting large variations between 2000 and 2003. Relatively low, but consistent, values, however, were measured after 2004. The results imply that the removal of weeds, and sufficient nutrients and solar radiation are subsequently available to the lake's phytoplankton communities. Supporting this notion is that the chlorophyll‐a concentration spiked to 205 µg L−1 in November 2006, the water transparency became consistent, and the DO concentration increased to >3.8 mg L−1 during the critical months (March–May) after 2004. These water quality indicators indicated improvement in the degraded Lake Rupa, suggesting that the establishment of cooperatives such as that highlighted in this study could be a powerful and sustainable mechanism for restoring degraded lakes in similar socioeconomic settings by maintaining equity, by connecting communities with their resources, and by facilitating integrity, equity, citizenry and social justice. 相似文献
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一种适合协同工作系统的安全认证方案 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对网络化协同工作系统的安全认证需求,综合应用Kerberos协议、X.509证书和口令认证技术,借鉴PKI的思想,设计了一种适合网络化协同工作系统的灵活而易于扩展的安全认证方案。这个方案能够保证证书的安全分发,满足网络化协同工作系统对分散、动态的用户安全身份认证的要求。 相似文献
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A survey of CSCW systems 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Tom Rodden 《Interacting with computers》1991,3(3):319-353
Over the last decade, computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) has emerged as an identifiable research area that focuses on the role of the computer in group work. CSCW is a generic term which combines the understanding of the nature of group working with the enabling technologies of computer networking, systems support and applications. The paper examines the classes of system which have emerged to support cooperative working. A framework for characterising and describing CSCW systems is presented and four major classes of cooperative system identified. Each of these classes of cooperative system are examined highlighting their general characteristics and applicability to CSCW. 相似文献
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We extend a dynamic approach of behavior generation to the representation of spatial information. Two levels of dynamics integrate dead-reckoning, dominant far from home bases, and piloting, dominant near home bases. When the view-based piloting system recognizes a home base, visual place information recalibrates the dead-reckoning system, inverting the hierarchical ordering of the two dynamic levels by time scale inversion. Reference views taken at discrete home bases are recognized invariantly under rotation of views. This process yields compass information. Continuous translational information is obtained as a neural place representation built from view correlations with a scattered set of local views. This self-calibrating cognitive map couples into a dynamics of heading direction integrating the behaviors of obstacle avoidance and target acquisition. Targets can be designated in terms of the cognitive map. We demonstrate the dynamical model in simulation. 相似文献
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适用于实时协同编著系统的并发控制研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
实时协同编著系统是最受欢迎的实时CSCW应用系统之一,适用于实时协同编著系统的并发控制用于解决参与协同工作用户对共享对象操作时存在的冲突问题。本文对这种新的并发控制与适用于分布式数据库系统等的传统并发控制进行了比较,讨论了一些适用于实时协同编著系统并发控制方法的新评价参数,分析了传统并发控制方法应用到实时协同编著系统时所遇到的问题。最后,我们介绍了一些文献中已有原型系统所使用的并发控制方法。 相似文献
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James A. Cutts Kerry T. Nock Jack A. Jones Guillermo Rodriguez J. Balaram 《Autonomous Robots》1995,2(4):261-282
Planetary aerobots are a new type of telerobotic science platform that can fly and navigate in a dynamic 3-dimensional atmospheric environment, thus enabling the global in situ exploration of planetary atmospheres and surfaces. Aerobots are enabled by a new concept in planetary balloon altitude control, developed at JPL, which employs reversible-fluid changes to permit repeated excursions in altitude. The essential physics and thermodynamics ofreversible-fluid altitude control have been demonstrated in a series of altitude-control experiments conducted in the Earth's atmosphere, which are described. Aerobot altitude-control technology will be important in the exploration of seven planets and satellites in our solar system. Three of these objects—Venus, Mars, and the Saturnian satellite Titan—have accessible solid surfaces and atmospheres dominated by the dense gases nitrogen or carbon dioxide. They will be explored with aerobots using helium or hydrogen as their primary means of buoyancy. The other four planets—Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune—have deep atmospheres that are predominantly hydrogen. It may be possible to explore these atmospheres with aerobots inflated with atmospheric gas that is then radiatively heated from the hotter gaseous depths below. To fulfill their potential, aerobots to explore the planets will need autonomous state estimators to guide their observations and provide information to the altitude-control systems. The techniques of acquiring these data remotely are outlined. Aerobots will also use on board altitude control and navigation systems to execute complex flight paths including descent to the surface and exploiting differential wind velocities to access different latitude belts. Approaches to control of these systems are examined. The application of aerobots to Venus exploration is explored in some detail: The most ambitious mission described, the Venus Flyer Robot (VFR), would have the capability to make repeated short excursions to the high-temperature surface environment of Venus to acquire data and then return to the Earth-like upper atmosphere to communicate and recool its electronic systems. Finally a Planetary Aerobot Testbed is discussed which will conduct Earth atmospheric flights to validate autonomous-state-estimator techniques and flight-path-control techniques needed for future planetary missions. 相似文献
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不同行业都在关注数字家庭的发展,但数字家庭发展缓慢的现状不容忽视。现阶段来看通信和媒体娱乐业务是数字家庭市场需求的重点,基于电信网络的数字家庭通过借助IPTV的音视频和增值应用业务可以顺应此要求。IPTV业务包括基本的音视频广播、点播、时移业务,以及信息服务、音视频通信、互动游戏、即时通讯、卡拉OK、远程教育等增值应用服务,非常适合数字家庭的发展需要,将使数字家庭的应用变得更为现实。未来,进一步推动数字家庭发展需要在易用性和业务创新两个方面取得突破,需要通过设备间的协同工作,为用户提供基于数据、语音、视频的三重业务新体验。 相似文献
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