Curcumin nanoemulsion for transdermal application: formulation and evaluation

The aim of this work is to develop a curcumin nanoemulsion for transdermal delivery. The incorporation of curcumin inside a nanoglobul should improve curcumin stability and permeability. A nanoemulsion was prepared by the self-nanoemulsification method, using an oil phase of glyceryl monooleate, Cremophor RH40 and polyethylene glycol 400. Evaluation of the nanoemulsion included analysis of particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, physical stability, Raman spectrum and morphology. In addition, the physical performance of the nanoemulsion in Viscolam AT 100P gel was studied. A modified vertical diffusion cell and shed snake skin of Python reticulatus were used to study the in vitro permeation of curcumin. A spontaneously formed stable nanoemulsion has a loading capacity of 350?mg curcumin/10?g of oil phase. The mean droplet diameter, polydispersity index and zeta potential of optimized nanoemulsion were 85.0?±?1.5?nm, 0.18?±?0.0 and ?5.9?±?0.3?mV, respectively. Curcumin in a nanoemulsion was more stable than unencapsulated curcumin. Furthermore, nanoemulsification significantly improved the permeation flux of curcumin from the hydrophilic matrix gel; the release kinetic of curcumin changed from zero order to a Higuchi release profile. Overall, the developed nanoemulsion system not only improved curcumin permeability but also protected the curcumin from chemical degradation.     

Development and field test of the articulated mobile robot T2 Snake-4 for plant disaster prevention

Abstract

In this work, we develop an articulated mobile robot that can move in narrow spaces, climb stairs, gather information, and operate valves for plant disaster prevention. The robot can adopt a tall position using a folding arm and gather information using sensors mounted on the arm. In addition, this paper presents a stair climbing method using a single backward wave. This method enables the robot to climb stairs that have a short tread. The developed robot system is tested in a field test at the World Robot Summit 2018, and the lessons learned in the field test are discussed.     

柔性气动连续体机器人关节结构设计与运动学分析

基于气动人工肌肉和缆绳组合驱动,提出了一种三自由柔性气动连续体机器人关节,该关节具有结构紧凑、柔顺性高、控制简单等特点。通过分析该机器人关节结构特性,采用修正的D-H法,建立了其正反解运动学模型,求解了其位置运动学解和速度运动学解,通过仿真验证了关节结构的合理性和运动学方程的正确性。     

Permeation of indomethacin from semisolid preparations through various semipermeable membranes

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the permeation of model drug indomethacin (IND) from various types of gels through several semipermeable membranes.

Methods: Permeation of IND from gels based on carbomer (CA), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), and polyacrylamid/laureth-7/isoparaffin was performed via diffusion cell method through membranes: shed snake skin, full thickness chicken skin, mucosa of pork small intestine, and cellophane.

Results: The least permeation of IND was observed in the case of shed snake skin and full thickness chicken skin. It did not exceed 5.4% of original amount in the preparation after 3?h of measurement regardless the type of gel. In the case of mucosa of pork small intestine and cellophane the permeated amount of IND ranged from 9.4 to 55.4% depending on the type of gelling agent used. There was also quite a significant influence of a gelling agent on the permeation of IND observed. The permeation of IND was highest from CA gel, where it ranged from 0.6 to 52.2% of original amount in the preparation depending on the type of membrane used. Gelling agent inhibiting the permeation the most was HEC, where the permeated amount of IND did not exceed 12.3% regardless the type of membrane used.

Conclusions: In general the permeated amount of IND through biological membranes containing stratum corneum represented just a small part of the amount in original preparation. Gelling agent has significant effect on the extent and rate of permeation.     

铝合金蛇形轧制轧板曲率解析模型研究

根据蛇形轧制的受力特点将变形区划分为5个不同的区域,分别计算了各个区域的压力分布及角位移,在此基础上运用平面应变主应力法建立了7150铝合金蛇形轧制轧板曲率的解析模型.通过蛇形轧制实验对解析模型的精确性进行了验证.使用该解析模型对蛇形轧制过程中由线性应变差引起的轧板曲率、剪切应变差引起的轧板曲率以及总的轧板曲率进行了研究.结果表明,随着错位距离的增加由剪切应变差引起的轧板曲率增加而由线性应变差引起的轧板曲率减小,它们的共同作用导致总的轧板曲率先减小后增加.随着异速比的增加,由剪切应变差引起的轧板曲率增加,由线性应变差引起的轧板曲率保持不变,它们的共同效果使总的轧板曲率增加.增大轧板初始厚度或减小压下量都会减小轧板曲率.     

一种用于岩心序列图像轮廓提取的改进Snake算法

针对岩心序列图像的轮廓提取,提出了一种改进的Snake算法。对序列图像第1帧手动初始化轮廓点,如果相邻轮廓点之间距离大于给定阈值,则自动插入新的点,对于每一轮廓点,按照一定规则计算其搜索半径,然后找出搜索半径内的能量最小的点代替原始点。前一帧得到的结果又作为后一帧的初始点进行轮廓提取,从而得到整个序列图像的轮廓。实验结果表明,本算法具有简单、实用、实时性强等特点。     

Active contours: Generalization of the snake mode

Abstract— Segmentation is one of the fundamental issues in the field of image processing and computer vision. Various approaches include differentiating an object in the image as a final goal or for further processing (medical diagnosis, surveillance, 3‐D reconstruction and more). Snakes, a model proposed by Kass, Witkin, and Terzopoulos in 1987, provides an efficient method for segmenting an object through the minimization of its energy. The advantage of snakes is in its ability to use high‐level data given by the algorithm operator, as opposed to other methods such as the Laplace technique. The snakes model inherently imposes strong constraints on a given image in order to successfully segment an object. In this paper, the use of adjustment methods is described, which allow us to generalize the snake model to a wider range of applications. Through the use of pre‐processing techniques, the model's constraints were softened. The main theoretical model and its use in facing a real life image is presented.     

酶解蛇肉低肽营养液的研制

采用现代生物酶解技术对蛇肉进行有控制的水解,并经适当的精制,生产出营养成分丰富、含有约3%短肽分子(平均分子量是538)的低肽营养液。其最佳酶解工艺条件是:料水比为1:2、酶活添加量为3600U/g样、酶种类为木瓜蛋白酶(papain60)与枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶(AS1398)的等活力复合酶、pH6.5-6.8、温度55℃、反应时间6h。     

一种欠驱动蛇形臂机器人运动学分析方法

针对一种欠驱动冗余结构的绳驱动型蛇形臂机器人进行了运动学分析,给出了驱动绳长变量空间到关节空间的正解和反解计算公式。提出的运动学分析方法简便、实用,为后续蛇形臂机器人的实时控制奠定了技术基础。     

对蛇肉及其有限酶解液营养价值的研究

蛇肉是一种珍贵的传统保健食品资源,含有丰富的蛋白质、维生素(VA,VE,VB1,VB2)、矿物元素(Ca、Zn、Fe、P、Mg、Mn、Ccu)和人体必需氨基酸,其营养价值高于牛肉、鸡肉、鱼肉等肉制品;22.3%水解度的蛇肉酶解液含有蛇肉的全部营养素(蛋白质除外)种类,其营养价值明显优于牛奶、豆浆,甚至优于豆腐脑;该有限酶解液还含有平均分子量为538Da的低肽分子近3%(这占酶解液总氨基酸含量的56.3%),这说明蛇肉蛋白的这种有限酶解物是一种低肽含量占优势的低肽/游离氨基酸混合物。根据现代低肽吸收理论,它比原料蛇肉更易消化吸收,因而更有营养价值和保健功能。