Public perceptions on artificial intelligence driven disaster management: Evidence from Sydney,Melbourne and Brisbane

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) is being increasingly utilised in disaster management activities. The public is engaged with AI in various ways in these activities. For instance, crowdsourcing applications developed for disaster management to handle the tasks of collecting data through social media platforms, and increasing disaster awareness through serious gaming applications. Nonetheless, there are limited empirical investigations and understanding on public perceptions concerning AI for disaster management. Bridging this knowledge gap is the justification for this paper. The methodological approach adopted involved: Initially, collecting data through an online survey from residents (n = 605) of three major Australian cities; Then, analysis of the data using statistical modelling. The analysis results revealed that: (a) Younger generations have a greater appreciation of opportunities created by AI-driven applications for disaster management; (b) People with tertiary education have a greater understanding of the benefits of AI in managing the pre- and post-disaster phases, and; (c) Public sector administrative and safety workers, who play a vital role in managing disasters, place a greater value on the contributions by AI in disaster management. The study advocates relevant authorities to consider public perceptions in their efforts in integrating AI in disaster management.     

基于CiteSpace的旅游服务设计研究可视化分析

目的 旅游服务设计发展态势良好，从旅游服务设计的角度进行文献可视化分析，可从中获得当前领域的知识结构、研究热点和发展态势，为未来提供旅游服务设计研究和旅游产业的服务设计参考。方法 从CNKI和Web of Science数据库收集1990—2020年国内外的相关数据，运用CiteSpace对旅游服务设计的文献发表时间、高度被引用的文献、研究热点和研究前沿进行可视化分析，比较国内外研究差异。结论 在1990—2020年国内外旅游服务设计研究皆呈上升趋势。国外的研究热度、被引频次高于国内，以跨学科领域研究尤为突出，研究重点在建筑环境和交通相关策略;而国内研究以产品服务系统为主，偏向于技术的实现方式。综观研究现状和趋势，本文从智慧科技旅游、可持续发展和全域旅游进行深入探讨，提出旅游服务设计新发展趋势。     

基于形态审美的产品基因网络造型研究

目的 利用产品形态审美基因网络，对台灯外轮廓曲线的相关性进行综合分析，析出产品优化与创新设计的关键要素。方法 以三次贝塞尔曲线对台灯的外轮廓曲线进行基因编码，规律性调整控制点的坐标生成新曲线形态，进行曲线视觉力感知识别，挖掘曲线间的相关性;以曲线基因为节点，相关性为边构建产品形态审美基因网络，并对网络进行拓扑分析，析出关键设计节点辅助设计者进行产品设计。结果 运用产品形态基因网络的理论找到原型设计的关键性节点，并进行设计优化，使产品造型设计更符合消费者的审美习惯和偏好。结论 通过对台灯外轮廓线的案例实践，证实了产品形态基因网络在产品细节优化和造型创新设计方面具有实用性和可靠性，能够辅助设计者找到关键设计节点并协调设计的基因集团。     

No-Reference Video Quality Assessment using novel hybrid features and two-stage hybrid regression for score level fusion

This paper presents a novel No-Reference Video Quality Assessment (NR-VQA) model that utilizes proposed 3D steerable wavelet transform-based Natural Video Statistics (NVS) features as well as human perceptual features. Additionally, we proposed a novel two-stage regression scheme that significantly improves the overall performance of quality estimation. In the first stage, transform-based NVS and human perceptual features are separately passed through the proposed hybrid regression scheme: Support Vector Regression (SVR) followed by Polynomial curve fitting. The two visual quality scores predicted from the first stage are then used as features for the similar second stage. This predicts the final quality scores of distorted videos by achieving score level fusion. Extensive experiments were conducted using five authentic and four synthetic distortion databases. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other published state-of-the-art benchmark methods on synthetic distortion databases and is among the top performers on authentic distortion databases. The source code is available at https://github.com/anishVNIT/two-stage-vqa.     

Color determinants of surface stratification

Although color plays a crucial role in the demarcation of surfaces in the visual field, its role in depth perception is not well understood. Certain special effects of color on depth perception that arise from optical factors such as chromatic aberration (chromostereopsis) have been studied, but less is known about the role of perceptual factors of color in determining depth relations. The present study explores the role that the different attributes of color such as hue, chroma, and lightness play in the stratification of surfaces in depth. In two experiments, subjects manipulated specific dimensions of colors (hue, chroma, lightness, and whiteness) while making judgments of coplanarity of either two or more abutting surfaces. The results demonstrate that for surfaces to appear coplanar, their lightness has to be proportional to the natural (intrinsic) lightness of the hues. No meaningful effects of chroma, whiteness, or blackness were found in depth stratification. The results suggest a primary role of the natural lightness of hues in depth perception.     

Cyberbullying: Effect of emergency perception on the helping tendencies of bystanders

The effect of the emergency perception of bystanders of cyberbullying victims on helping behaviors is often neglected in research on cyberbullying. In this study, we explored the influence of this cognitive factor on cyber-bystanders’ helping tendencies as well as elucidated possible underlying processes. The results of two studies were reported. In Study 1, 150 undergraduates read a true case of a girl experiencing cyberbullying. The results indicated that when the participants perceived the victim’s situation to be more critical (i.e., higher emergency perception), their helping tendencies were stronger, partly through increased state empathy followed by feelings of responsibility to help. In Study 2, we randomly assigned 300 undergraduates to two groups. The low emergency group read the same cyberbullying case as Study 1, whereas the cyberbullying case read by the high emergency group contained additional emergency information of the victim. The results indicated that the high emergency group expressed stronger helping tendencies than did the low emergency group. This effect was caused by a stronger perception that the victim was in an emergency situation, which not only strengthened the participants’ helping tendencies directly but also indirectly through increasing their state empathy and feelings of responsibility to help.     

一种X射线环焊缝图像质量评价方法

为了缩小增强后环焊缝图像质量主客观评价的差距,提出了一种基于人眼视觉的无参考质量评价指标。通过分析人眼的视觉特性,建立图像模糊评价模型,设定主观评价方法;主客观评价值进行曲线拟合,经验证,评价结果与主观评价结果具有线性拟合关系,评价结果接近人眼最佳视觉,验证了评价指标的可行性。     

The effect of the nutri-score label on consumer’s attitudes,taste perception and purchase intention: An experimental pilot study

A large number of studies has emerged on the environmental impacts of diets, with most studies concluding that a diet rich in plant-based foods, that are low in salt, sugar, and fat, and score high in nutritional values, confers both improved health and environmental benefits. Currently, new interventions are being implemented to improve people’s eating behavior, because most people overconsume unhealthy snacks, containing high proportions of salt, sugar and fat. The purpose of the current pilot study was to investigate the effects of the Nutri-Score label on three different snack bars on consumers’ attitudes, taste perception, and purchase intention towards these food products. An experimental study was conducted with a between subject design (food packaging with Nutri-Score label versus without) among 192 participants (M_age 31.7 years, SD 14.3 years; 63% female). Results showed that there were no effects found for the effect of the Nutri- Score label on consumers’ attitudes, taste perception and purchase intention. Bayesian analyses support the conclusion that the null hypothesis is accepted. These findings show that integrating the Nutri-Score label on food packages did not modify cognitive responses of consumers towards these food products. Changing consumption behaviors is challenging and more empirical and theoretical understanding is needed.