OWL‐based acquisition and editing of computer‐interpretable guidelines with the CompGuide editor

Computer‐Interpretable Guidelines (CIGs) are the dominant medium for the delivery of clinical decision support, given the evidence‐based nature of their source material. Therefore, these machine‐readable versions have the ability to improve practitioner performance and conformance to standards, with availability at the point and time of care. The formalisation of Clinical Practice Guideline knowledge in a machine‐readable format is a crucial task to make it suitable for the integration in Clinical Decision Support Systems. However, the current tools for this purpose reveal shortcomings with respect to their ease of use and the support offered during CIG acquisition and editing. In this work, we characterise the current landscape of CIG acquisition tools based on the properties of guideline visualisation, organisation, simplicity, automation, manipulation of knowledge elements, and guideline storage and dissemination. Additionally, we describe the CompGuide Editor, a tool for the acquisition of CIGs in the CompGuide model for Clinical Practice Guidelines that also allows the editing of previously encoded guidelines. The Editor guides the users throughout the process of guideline encoding and does not require proficiency in any programming language. The features of the CIG encoding process are revealed through a comparison with already established tools for CIG acquisition.     

An Advanced Analysis of Cloud Computing Concepts Based on the Computer Science Ontology

Our primary research hypothesis stands on a simple idea: The evolution of top-rated publications on a particular theme depends heavily on the progress and maturity of related topics. And this even when there are no clear relations or some concepts appear to cease to exist and leave place for newer ones starting many years ago. We implemented our model based on Computer Science Ontology (CSO) and analyzed 44 years of publications. Then we derived the most important concepts related to Cloud Computing (CC) from the scientific collection offered by Clarivate Analytics. Our methodology includes data extraction using advanced web crawling techniques, data preparation, statistical data analysis, and graphical representations. We obtained related concepts after aggregating the scores using the Jaccard coefficient and CSO Ontology. Our article reveals the contribution of Cloud Computing topics in research papers in leading scientific journals and the relationships between the field of Cloud Computing and the interdependent subdivisions identified in the broader framework of Computer Science.     

Advancing responses to climate change through improved interplay between planning theory and practice

ABSTRACT

Many planning agencies worldwide now see climate change response as unavoidable. This paper proposes that a central task for contemporary planning theory is to guide planning practice as it develops multi-dimensional responses. We examine three theoretical constructs: anticipatory governance, legitimacy and social-ecological resilience. We argue that each conceptualises challenges climate change presents to planning practice, while providing theoretically informed options for responses. Building on this, we utilize Friedmann’s [2008. “The Uses of Planning Theory: A Bibliographic Essay.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 28 (2): 247–257. doi:10.1177/0739456X08325220] tasks for planning theory as a framework to assess the utility of planning theories to guide climate change response through practice. Associated issues are discussed, including the influence of translatable planning theories and the value of importing knowledge from other disciplines. The paper concludes that more sophisticated interplay between planning theory and practice may improve planning responses to the climate change threat. The need for planning theory to translate its conceptual discoveries to the domain of practice is key.     

鄂尔多斯盆地地层水的配伍性研究

通过对中国图书馆分类法和中国科学院图书馆图书分类法及测绘学叙词表等相关资料的分析,确定本体中的类和定义类的语义关系,基于Protégé工具构建测绘学科信息公共本体、测绘学科分类—中图法本体及测绘学科分类—科图法本体,在构建的本体基础上基于Oracle 11g语义技术构建测绘学科分类本体库,为进一步语义检索提供基础.     

基于本体的改模方案聚类研究

在分析改模知识的基础上,提出了一种基于本体的聚类分析法来获得典型的改模方案,建立了注塑模改模知识领域本体,确立了用矩阵方法表达改模方案数据的数学模型。通过基于改模知识领域本体之间概念相似度的计算获得改模概念间的语义相似度、用归一化公式计算改模方案间的相似度和簇间相似度,用相似度矩阵表示改模方案间的相似度,并应用凝聚的层次聚类法进行改模方案的聚类,通过改模方案聚类粒度的确定方法获得聚类结果。以企业的改模方案数据为例,验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于本体和云模型的电能质量信息状态监测平台

提出了一种适用于智能电网的电能质量信息状态监测平台。将本体技术引入到该平台建设中,建立了电能质量信息状态监测领域的领域本体,借助该领域本体可以实现电能质量信息的快速检索。建立的电能质量信息状态监测检索引擎可以在领域本体的指导下从电能质量数据库中提取出符合条件的数据集合,再将定制处理后的检索结果返回给用户。平台引入了云模型技术,基于云模型完成对电能质量信息的诊断,以实现电能质量信息的状态诊断和实时监测。实例展示介绍了平台的操作界面和具体实现界面,可见该平台具有一定的工程实用价值。     

Identification and Functional Analysis of MicroRNAs in Mice following Focal Cerebral Ischemia Injury

Numerous studies have demonstrated that genes, RNAs, and proteins are involved in the occurrence and development of stroke. In addition, previous studies concluded that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are closely related to the pathological process of ischemic and hypoxic disease. Therefore, the aims of this study were to quantify the altered expression levels of miRNAs in the infarct region 6 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced focal cerebral ischemia in mice using a large-scale miRNAs microarray. Firstly, MCAO-induced cerebral ischemic injuries were investigated by observing the changes of neurological deficits, infarct volume and edema ratio. One hundred and eighteen differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in the infarct region of mice following the MCAOs compared with sham group (p < 0.05 was considered as significant). Among these 118 significantly expressed microRNAs, we found that 12 miRNAs were up-regulated with fold changes lager than two, and 18 miRNAs were down-regulated with fold changes less than 0.5 in the infarct region of mice following the 6 h MCAOs, compared with the sham group. Then, these 30 miRNAs with expression in fold change larger than two or less than 0.5 was predicted, and the functions of the target genes of 30 miRNAs were analyzed using a bioinformatics method. Finally, the miRNA-gene network was established and the functional miRNA-mRNA pairs were identified, which provided insight into the roles of the specific miRNAs that regulated specified genes in the ischemic injuries. The miRNAs identified in this study may represent effective therapeutic targets for stroke, and further study of the role of these targets may increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ischemic injuries.     

脉冲激光的非相干合成技术研究

为了实现高功率、高光束质量的激光输出,采用脉冲激光同步延时控制技术,将多束脉冲激光按时序合成一束脉冲激光,可用于产生大功率激光源。利用所设计的激光脉冲同步延时控制器,控制各个激光脉冲的时序,使按时序输出的多路激光脉冲依次通过光束合成装置,在空间合成为一束。在实验中将3束脉冲激光束合成,合成效率达到95.8%。结果表明,合束后的脉冲激光功率基本等于各束光相加的总和,同时保持了较好的光束质量。