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2.
ABSTRACT

The main contribution of this paper is a new definition of expected value of belief functions in the Dempster–Shafer (D–S) theory of evidence. Our definition shares many of the properties of the expectation operator in probability theory. Also, for Bayesian belief functions, our definition provides the same expected value as the probabilistic expectation operator. A traditional method of computing expected of real-valued functions is to first transform a D–S belief function to a corresponding probability mass function, and then use the expectation operator for probability mass functions. Transforming a belief function to a probability function involves loss of information. Our expectation operator works directly with D–S belief functions. Another definition is using Choquet integration, which assumes belief functions are credal sets, i.e. convex sets of probability mass functions. Credal sets semantics are incompatible with Dempster's combination rule, the center-piece of the D–S theory. In general, our definition provides different expected values than, e.g. if we use probabilistic expectation using the pignistic transform or the plausibility transform of a belief function. Using our definition of expectation, we provide new definitions of variance, covariance, correlation, and other higher moments and describe their properties.  相似文献   
3.
现有的基于混沌振子检测轴承故障的方法的关键步骤是混沌振子相态转变判别,目前大多采用李雅普诺夫指数等特征值进行判断,针对其计算过程复杂,耗费时间长的缺点,基于图像识别技术,提出了一种以极半径不变矩参数作为相态转变的识别方法。通过构造Duffing混沌振子,分析了其相态转变与周期策动力的变化关系,证明其用于轴承早期故障识别的可行性;给出了极半径不变矩的定义,并证明在混沌振子相图由混沌运动态向大尺度周期态转变的过程中,随着周期摄动力不断增加,极半径不变矩表现出单调递增的特性;与HU氏不变矩及二维近似熵判别方法进行对比,讨论了极半径不变矩的抗噪声干扰能力;最终,将该方法用于实际搭建的钻机动力头轴承早期故障诊断的试验中。试验结果表明:极半径不变矩可以识别混沌振子相态过程转变,最低检测信噪比达到-36.99dB,且识别准确率也较另外两种方法提高了4%~7%。证明该方法可以用于轴承早期故障识别,具有识别准确率高,抗噪声干扰能力强,计算简便的优点。  相似文献   
4.
ABSTRACT

In this paper, we consider the problem of constraint management in Linear Periodic (LP) systems using Reference Governors (RG). First, we introduce the periodic-invariant maximal output admissible sets for LP systems. We extend the earlier results in the literature to Lyapunov stable LP systems with output constraints, which arise in RG applications. We show that, while the invariant sets for these systems may not be finitely determined, a finitely-determined inner approximation, which is periodically invariant, can be obtained by constraint tightening. We then analyze the geometric and algebraic relationship between these sets and show that these sets are related via simple transformations, implying that it suffices to compute only one of them for real-time applications. This greatly reduces the memory burden of RG (or other similar constraint management strategies), at the expense of an increase in processing requirements. We present a thorough analysis of this trade-off. In the second part of this paper, we present two RG formulations, and discuss their properties and algorithms for their computation. Numerical simulations demonstrate the efficacy of the approach.  相似文献   
5.
王健  于鸣  任洪娥 《液晶与显示》2018,33(6):520-527
针对Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF(ORB)算法缺少尺度不变特性,误匹配率高,易造成图像拼接质量差等问题,本文提出一种用于图像拼接的改进ORB算法。首先使用一种基于尺度不变的特征检测算法对图像进行特征点检测,然后用ORB描述算法对特征点进行特征描述,用ORB匹配算法进行粗匹配,再用双向匹配和Random Sampling Coherence(RANSAC)算法对匹配点进行精匹配和提纯,进一步提高其正确率,最后使用渐入渐出加权融合完成图像拼接。实验结果表明,本文方法在图像的缩放和旋转、模糊、光照强度、拍摄视角等情况下都具有优秀的鲁棒性和稳定性,是一种实时性强、准确度高、拼接质量优秀的图像拼接方法。  相似文献   
6.
Following the recent introduction of the Sustainability over Sets (SOS) concept as a sustainability analysis tool with broad flexibility in incorporating human input, in this work, the concepts of Sustainizability (SIZ) and Sustainizability over Sets (SIZOS) are introduced, as novel frameworks for sustainable system synthesis. Springing off the conceptual foundation of sustainability, SIZ (and SIZOS) refers to the existence of allowable external actions, and/or design changes that can render sustainable (sustainable over a set) an unsustainable (unsustainable over a set) system. Utilizing earlier mathematical results for SOS, rigorous necessary and sufficient conditions for SIZOS are presented. Two case studies, on a two-dimensional biological waste treatment system, and a three-dimensional food chain system, are then presented to illustrate the developed necessary and sufficient conditions for SIZOS.  相似文献   
7.
This paper presents a new method for copy-move forgery detection of duplicated objects. A bounding rectangle is drawn around the detected object to form a sub-image. Morphological operator is used to remove the unnecessary small objects. Highly accurate polar complex exponential transform moments are used as features for the detected objects. Euclidian distance and correlation coefficient between the feature vectors are calculated and used for searching the similar objects. A set of 20 forged images with duplicated objects is carefully selected from previously published works. Additional 80 non-forged images are edited by the authors and forged by duplicating different kinds of objects. Numerical simulation is performed where the results show that the proposed method successfully detect different kinds of duplicated objects. The proposed method is much faster than the previously existing methods. Also, it exhibits high robustness to various attacks such as additive white Gaussian noise, JPEG compression, rotation, and scaling.  相似文献   
8.
We will consider a convex subset of a metric linear space and a certain group of actions G on this set, that allow us to define the notion of Haar zero measure on sets that have zero Haar measure for the translation (by adding) invariant HSY prevalence theory. In this way, we will be able to define the meaning of G-prevalent set according to the pioneering work of Christensen. Our setting considers problems which take into account the convex structure and this is quite different from the previous results on prevalence which consider basically the linear additive structure. In this setting, we will show a kind of quantitative Kupka–Smale theorem, and also we generalize a result about rotation numbers which was first considered by J.-C. Yoccoz (and, also by M. Tsujii). Among other things we present an estimation of the amount of hyperbolicity in a setting that we believe was not considered before.  相似文献   
9.
A 2D computational fluid dynamics (Eulerian–Eulerian) multiphase flow model coupled with a population balance model (CFD-PBM) was implemented to investigate the fluidization structure in terms of entrance region in an industrial-scale gas phase fluidized bed reactor. The simulation results were compared with the industrial data, and good agreement was observed. Two cases including perforated distributor and complete sparger were applied to examine the flow structure through the bed. The parametric sensitivity analysis of time step, number of node, drag coefficient, and specularity coefficient was carried out. It was found that the results were more sensitive to the drag model. The results showed that the entrance configuration has significant effect on the flow structure. While the dead zones are created in both corners of the distributors, the perforated distributor generates more startup bubbles, heterogeneous flow field, and better gas–solid interaction above the entrance region due to jet formation.  相似文献   
10.
通过材料力学中的三弯矩方程,求得非对称不等距的四鞍座卧式容器筒体上的弯矩、支反力,再根据ZICK方法对容器的稳定性进行校核。  相似文献   
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