基于CiteSpace的资源型产业研究知识图谱分析

资源型产业发展为推进国家经济增长和工业化进程提供了重要保障。为深入了解资源型产业的研究情况，以CNKI数据库为数据源，搜集2000—2020年关于资源型产业的核心及以上期刊论文，利用CiteSpace软件从发文作者与研究机构分布、关键词共现网络和时区图谱等方面，绘制知识图谱，进行可视化分析。研究发现：资源型产业领域的研究成果愈加丰富，但研究群体间联系合作较少，且现有的合作研究主要集中在所处地域资源富集和具有学科优势的研究机构及学者；资源型产业领域的研究热点可概括为产业发展、资源型城市、产业集群、产业结构、产业链和产业集聚等方面；针对资源型产业领域未来可从资源型产业相关理论研究、创新发展模式和可持续发展等方面深入展开。     

金属增材制造技术研究热点聚类分析

为深入分析金属增材制造技术分类和发展状况,采集中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)收录的核心期刊上的768篇科技文献,借助文献分析可视化软件CiteSpace,对关键词聚类进行了全景式描绘,构建金属增材制造技术知识图谱,揭示该技术研究分类以及演化趋势。     

结合预训练模型和语言知识库的文本匹配方法

针对文本匹配任务,该文提出一种大规模预训练模型融合外部语言知识库的方法。该方法在大规模预训练模型的基础上,通过生成基于WordNet的同义—反义词汇知识学习任务和词组—搭配知识学习任务引入外部语言学知识。进而,与MT-DNN多任务学习模型进行联合训练,以进一步提高模型性能。最后利用文本匹配标注数据进行微调。在MRPC和QQP两个公开数据集的实验结果显示,该方法可以在大规模预训练模型和微调的框架基础上,通过引入外部语言知识进行联合训练有效提升文本匹配性能。     

Adaptive neuro-fuzzy algorithm applied to predict and control multi-phase flow rates through wellhead chokes

A Takagi-Sugeno adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (TSFIS) model is developed and applied to a dataset of wellhead flow-test data for the Resalat oil field located offshore southern Iran, the objective is to assist in the prediction and control of multi-phase flow rates of oil and gas through the wellhead chokes. For this purpose, 182 test data points (Appendix 1) related to the Resalat field are evaluated. In order to predict production flow rate (Q_L) expressed as stock-tank barrels per day (STB/D), this dataset includes four selected input variables: upstream pressure (Pwh); wellhead choke sizes (D64); gas to liquid ratio (GLR); and, base solids and water including some water-soluble oil emulsion (BS&W). The test data points evaluated include a wide range of oil flow rate conditions and values for the four input variables recorded. The TSFIS algorithm applied involves five data processing steps: a) pre-processing, b) fuzzification, c) rules base and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference engine, d) defuzzification, and e) post-processing of the fuzzy model. The developed TSFIS model for the Resalat oil field database predicted oil flow rate to a high degree of accuracy (root mean square error = 247 STB/D, correlation coefficient = 0.9987), which improves substantially on the commonly used empirical algorithms used for such predictions. TSFIS can potentially be applied in wellhead choke fuzzy controllers to stabilize flow in specific wells based on real-time input data records.     

Ontology-based approach for the provision of simulation knowledge acquired by Data and Text Mining processes

Numerical simulation techniques such as Finite Element Analyses are essential in today's engineering design practices. However, comprehensive knowledge is required for the setup of reliable simulations to verify strength and further product properties. Due to limited capacities, design-accompanying simulations are performed too rarely by experienced simulation engineers. Therefore, product models are not sufficiently verified or the simulations lead to wrong design decisions, if they are applied by less experienced users. This results in belated redesigns of already detailed product models and to highly cost- and time-intensive iterations in product development.Thus, in order to support less experienced simulation users in setting up reliable Finite Element Analyses, a novel ontology-based approach is presented. The knowledge management tools developed on the basis of this approach allow an automated acquisition and target-oriented provision of necessary simulation knowledge. This knowledge is acquired from existing simulation models and text-based documentations from previous product developments by Text and Data Mining. By offering support to less experienced simulation users, the presented approach may finally lead to a more efficient and extensive application of reliable FEA in product development.     

Condition based maintenance of the two-beam laser welding in high volume manufacturing of piezoelectric pressure sensor

Two-beam laser welding (TBLW) is an advanced process for precise, low distortion joining of cylindrical miniature parts. The process is composed of a laser source, optics and various actuators, which form a sophisticated system for control and maintenance in high volume manufacturing. A well-established method for identifying welding defects and ensuring welding quality is the monitoring of plasma light emission in TBLW. Although such monitoring systems can detect a change in process status, they are not able to diagnose the nature of the fault. The main challenge in this research was to extend the use of quality-based monitoring systems to measure additional deterioration-related parameters and to estimate system deterioration from them by using expert knowledge.This paper shows a novel condition-based maintenance (CBM) for the TBLW system, which performs condition identification using online monitoring of plasma light emission in combination with offline inspection of the seam macrographs. A combination of quality parameters derived from seam macrographs of defective parts is used to identify process deterioration, such as contamination of the optics, misalignment of the optomechanical system, or reduced laser power. The information obtained is used to make predefined process adjustments based on expert domain knowledge. The implementation of the developed CBM in high volume manufacturing of piezoelectric pressure sensors resulted in more predictable TBLW by reducing system failures as well as shorter diagnosis times.     

一种使用多跳事实的端到端知识库实体描述生成方法

自动化实体描述生成有助于进一步提升知识图谱的应用价值,而流畅度高是实体描述文本的重要质量指标之一。该文提出使用知识库上多跳的事实来进行实体描述生成,从而贴近人工编撰的实体描述的行文风格,提升实体描述的流畅度。该文使用编码器—解码器框架,提出了一个端到端的神经网络模型,可以编码多跳的事实,并在解码器中使用关注机制对多跳事实进行表示。该文的实验结果表明,与基线模型相比,引入多跳事实后模型的BLEU-2和ROUGE-L等自动化指标分别提升约8.9个百分点和7.3个百分点。     

Integration of imitation learning using GAIL and reinforcement learning using task-achievement rewards via probabilistic graphical model

The integration of reinforcement learning (RL) and imitation learning (IL) is an important problem that has long been studied in the field of intelligent robotics. RL optimizes policies to maximize the cumulative reward, whereas IL attempts to extract general knowledge about the trajectories demonstrated by experts, i.e, demonstrators. Because each has its own drawbacks, many methods combining them and compensating for each set of drawbacks have been explored thus far. However, many of these methods are heuristic and do not have a solid theoretical basis. This paper presents a new theory for integrating RL and IL by extending the probabilistic graphical model (PGM) framework for RL, control as inference. We develop a new PGM for RL with multiple types of rewards, called probabilistic graphical model for Markov decision processes with multiple optimality emissions (pMDP-MO). Furthermore, we demonstrate that the integrated learning method of RL and IL can be formulated as a probabilistic inference of policies on pMDP-MO by considering the discriminator in generative adversarial imitation learning (GAIL) as an additional optimality emission. We adapt the GAIL and task-achievement reward to our proposed framework, achieving significantly better performance than policies trained with baseline methods.     

Knowledge-Based Virtual Modeling and Simulation of Manufacturing Processes for Industry 4.0

Abstract

Industry 4.0 aims at providing a digital representation of a production landscape, but the challenges in building, maintaining, optimizing, and evolving digital models in inter-organizational production chains have not been identified yet in a systematic manner. In this paper, various Industry 4.0 research and technical challenges are addressed, and their present scenario is discussed. Moreover, in this article, the novel concept of developing experience-based virtual models of engineering entities, process, and the factory is presented. These models of production units, processes, and procedures are accomplished by virtual engineering object (VEO), virtual engineering process (VEP), and virtual engineering factory (VEF), using the knowledge representation technique of Decisional DNA. This blend of the virtual and physical domains permits monitoring of systems and analysis of data to foresee problems before they occur, develop new opportunities, prevent downtime, and even plan for the future by using simulations. Furthermore, the proposed virtual model concept not only has the capability of Query Processing and Data Integration for Industrial Data but also real-time visualization of data stream processing.